研究生: |
吳亞蓓 Wu, Ya-Pei |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
以計畫行為理論探討臺灣父親申請育嬰假之行為意圖 Examining Taiwanese Fathers' Intention to Apply for Parental Leave: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach |
指導教授: |
聶西平
Nieh, Hsi-Ping |
口試委員: |
江宛霖
Chiang, Wan-Lin 吳文琪 Wu, Wen-chi 聶西平 Nieh, Hsi-Ping |
口試日期: | 2023/07/19 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
人類發展與家庭學系 Department of Human Development and Family Studies |
論文出版年: | 2023 |
畢業學年度: | 111 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 63 |
中文關鍵詞: | 育嬰假 、計畫行為理論 、父職 、知覺行為控制 |
英文關鍵詞: | parental leave, theory of planned behavior, fatherhood, perceived behavioral control |
研究方法: | 調查研究 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202301334 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:127 下載:11 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
現今的臺灣政府提供符合申請資格的勞工,不論是父親還是母親皆能在孩子三歲前申請最多兩年的育嬰留職停薪假,並可以領取最多六個月的育嬰留職停薪津貼,其額度為投保薪資的八成。有了部分經濟保障,也許正是原申請率低迷的男性,近年有較大幅度上升的原因。本研究將運用計畫行為理論的架構,了解國內具有資格申請育嬰假的父親,為何選擇申請或不申請育嬰假。
本研究於2022年11月至2023年1月止,經由立意及便利取樣,共收到396份有效問卷。分析結果發現:(1)過去申請過育嬰假的父親與未申請過育嬰假的父親,在未來申請育嬰假的行為意圖、態度及知覺行為控制得分上有顯著差異。(2)父親對於育嬰假的了解程度(r = .149,p<.01)與其申請育嬰假的意圖有顯著相關。(3)父親的態度(r = .353,p<.001)、主觀規範(r = .360,p <.001)和知覺行為控制(r = .600,p <.001)與其申請育嬰假的行為意圖有顯著相關。(4)整體模型能解釋父親申請育嬰假之意圖40.1%的變異,其中擁有最高解釋力的變項為知覺行為控制,其可解釋14%的父親申請育嬰假之行為意圖的變異。
本研究的發現有助了解男性申請育嬰假的需求與現況,作為政府在制定相關政策的參考。對於日益優化與便利的育嬰假新政,家長不一定能第一時間了解可以如何運用,若能加強宣導相關的育嬰假權益,也許能促進父親申請育嬰假的機會。期望政府藉由鼓勵實施友善家庭政策的企業與機構,打造對於育兒家庭更為友善的就業環境。
Taiwan's government has improved the parental leave policy in recent years. Parents with a newborn child are eligible for applying six months of paid parental leave. Taiwanese fathers are becoming more involved in parenting as parental leave policies evolve. This study aimed to understand fathers’ intentions to apply for parental leave.
A questionnaire was constructed, and a convenience sample of 396 fathers who were eligible for parental leave were interviewed. The result showed that: (1) There were significant differences in the behavioral intention, attitude and perceived behavioral control scores of fathers who had applied for parental leave in the past and fathers who had not applied for parental leave in the past. (2) The father's knowledge of parental leave (r = .149, p<.01) was significantly correlated with his intention to apply for parental leave. (3) The father's attitude (r = .353, p<.001), subjective norm (r = .360, p <.001) and perceived behavioral control (r = .600, p <.001) were significantly related to his behavioral intention to apply for parental leave. (4) The overall model can explain 40.1% of the variation in the father's intention to apply for parental leave, of which the variable with the highest explanatory power is perceived behavioral control, which can explain the variation of the father's intention to apply for parental leave in 14%.
The findings of this study will help to understand the demand and current situation of men applying for parental leave, and serve as a reference for the government in formulating relevant policies. For the increasingly optimized and convenient new parental leave policy, parents may not be able to understand how to use it at the first time, if government can strengthen the promotion of relevant parental leave rights, it may promote the opportunity for fathers to apply for parental leave. It is hoped that the government will encourage enterprises and organizations that implement family-friendly policies to create a more family-friendly employment environment.
內政部(2021)。縣市育齡婦女生育率。台北市:內政部戶政司。
尤智儀、李玉春(2016)。縣市生育津貼政策對夫妻生育意願之影響。人口學刊(52),頁43-79。
方婷玉(2010)。我國育嬰留職停薪津貼政策之探討:以台北縣市女性申請者為例。臺灣大學國家發展研究所碩士論文,台北市。
王舒芸 (2014)。門裡門外誰照顧、平價普及路迢迢?臺灣嬰兒照顧政策之體制內涵分析。台灣社會研究季刊(96),頁49-93。
行政院主計處(2017)。105年婦女婚育與就業狀況調查(AA150018)【原始數據】取自中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心調查研究專題中心學術調查研究資料庫。
李青芬、唐先梅(2008)。家務工作研究近30年之回顧。生活科學學報12,頁77-109。
李庭欣(2019)。照顧男不難-育嬰假爸爸們的育兒實踐與感受。性別平等教育季刊(87),頁12-17。
李庭欣、王舒芸(2013)。「善爸」甘休?「育爸」不能?與照顧若即若離的育嬰假爸爸。臺大社會工作學刊(28),頁93-135。
林東龍、劉蕙雯(2016)。照顧男子氣概與男性公務人員育嬰留職經驗。女學學誌:婦女與性別研究(39),頁59-109。
唐文慧、楊佳羚(2006)。瑞典育嬰休假制度之研究:共同照顧的價值。政大勞動學報(19),頁75-117。
涂妙如(2003)。影響家庭嬰幼兒照顧方式決策之相關因素研究。家政教育學報(5),頁95-120。
涂妙如(2007)。以生態系統論評析國內近二十年來「父職角色」之研究脈絡。弘光學報(50),頁199-219。
張鑑如、謝淑惠、周麗端、廖鳳瑞(2017)。幼兒發展調查資料庫建置計畫簡介。中國統計學報,55(1),頁42-62。
許婷雯(2006)。我國育嬰假對於母職制度及女性就業處境之影響。國立政治大學社會學研究所碩士論文,台北市。
陳宜倩(2015)。邁向一個積極對男性倡議的女性主義取徑?以台灣「性別工作平等法」育嬰假之理論與實務為例。女學學誌:婦女與性別研究(36),頁1-47。
勞動部(2020)。育嬰留職停薪期滿復職關懷調查(109年):取自https://www.mol.gov.tw/1607/2458/2480/2486/3703/。
勞動部(2022a)。全國法規資料庫:台北市。
勞動部(2022b)。育嬰留職停薪津貼核付情形。台北市:勞動部。
劉侑學、王舒芸(2019)。建立我國調和工作與家庭衝突之友善勞動環境。國土及公共治理季刊,7(1),頁32-44。
劉侑學、王舒芸(2021)。誰是時間權利的富爸媽?育嬰假[社會投資]了誰?。國家發展研究,21(1),頁131-184。
歐紫彤、洪惠芬(2017)。[最理想]照顧安排?文化解釋觀點。臺灣社會福利學刊,13(2),頁1-77。
蔡彣涓(2017)。養兒育女對育齡婦女勞動市場結果的影響-論2009年育嬰假政策改革之效果。經濟論文,45(3),頁423-467。
衛生福利部統計處(2020)。中華民國108 年15-64 歲婦女生活狀況調查報告。台北市:行政院衛生福利部。取自https://dep.mohw.gov.tw/dos/cp-1769-47735-113.html。
薛承泰(2020)。要提升生育先落實適齡結婚。台灣公共衛生雜誌,39(5),頁465-468。
蘇昱璇、蔡昂叡(2021)。育嬰假與學齡前幼兒發展之關聯。當代教育研究季刊,29(4),頁73-118。
Ajzen, I.(1985)。 From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior。Action control。(11-39): Springer。
Ajzen, I. (2020)。 The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions。Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4),314-324。
Almqvist, A.-L.、Sandberg, A.、Dahlgren, L. (2011a)。 Parental leave in Sweden: Motives, experiences, and gender equality amongst parents。Fathering,9(2),189-206。
Almqvist, A.-L.、Sandberg, A.、Dahlgren, L. (2011b)。 Parental leave in Sweden: Motives, experiences, and gender equality amongst parents。Fathering, 9(2),189。
Boll, C.、Leppin, J.、Reich, N. (2014)。 Paternal childcare and parental leave policies: Evidence from industrialized countries。Review of Economics of the Household, 12, 129-158。
Brandth, B.、Kvande, E. (2009)。 Norway: The making of the father’s quota。The politics of parental leave policies,191-206。
Bueno, X.、Oh, E. (2022)。 How do men talk about taking parental leave? Evidence from South Korea, Spain, and the US。Engaged Fatherhood for Men, Families and Gender Equality,165。
Catlett, B. S.、McKenry, P. C. (2004)。 Class-Based Masculinities: Divorce, Fatherhood, and the Hegemonic Ideal。Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research & Practice about Men as Fathers, 2(2)。
Doucet, A.、McKay, L. (2020)。 Fathering, parental leave, impacts, and gender equality: what/how are we measuring?。International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy。
Duvall, E. M. (1957)。 Family development。
Escot, L.、Fernández-Cornejo, J. A.、Lafuente, C.、Poza, C. (2012)。 Willingness of Spanish men to take maternity leave. Do firms’ strategies for reconciliation impinge on this?。Sex Roles, 67,29-42。
Esping-Andersen, G.(1999)。Social foundations of postindustrial economies。:OUP Oxford。
Esping-Andersen, G. (2005)。 Putting the horse in front of the cart: Towards a social model for mid-century Europe。WRR (2005), WRR Lecture。
Eto, K.、Koch, P.、Contento, I. R.、Adachi, M. (2011)。 Variables of the theory of planned behavior are associated with family meal frequency among adolescents。Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 43(6),525-530。
Gault, B.、Hartmann, H.、Hegewisch, A.、Milli, J.、Reichlin, L. (2014)。 Paid parental leave in the United States: What the data tell us about access, usage, and economic and health benefits。
Geisler, E.、Kreyenfeld, M. (2011)。 Against all odds: Fathers’ use of parental leave in Germany。Journal of European social policy, 21(1),88-99。
Geisler, E.、Kreyenfeld, M. (2019)。 Policy reform and fathers’ use of parental leave in Germany: The role of education and workplace characteristics。Journal of European Social Policy, 29(2),273-291。
Hamilton, K.、White, K. M. (2012)。 Social influences and the physical activity intentions of parents of young-children families: An extended theory of planned behavior approach。Journal of family issues, 33(10),1351-1372。
Hiilamo, H.、Kangas, O. (2009)。 Trap for women or freedom to choose? The struggle over cash for child care schemes in Finland and Sweden。Journal of Social Policy, 38,457。
Horvath, L. K.、Grether, T.、Wiese, B. S. (2018)。 Fathers’ realizations of parental leave plans: Leadership responsibility as help or hindrance?。Sex Roles, 79,163-175。
Hwang, W. (2021)。 Dual-income couples’ gender role attitudes, paid leave use, and second-birth intentions。Families in Society, 102(2),212-224。
Hwang, W.、Kim, S. (2021)。 Husbands’ Childcare Time and Wives’ Second-Birth Intentions Among Dual-Income Couples: The Mediating Effects of Work–Family Conflict and Parenting Stress。Journal of Social Service Research,1-10。
Jesmin, S. S.、Seward, R. R. (2011)。 Parental leave and fathers’ involvement with children in Bangladesh: a comparison with United States。Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 42(1),95-112。
Krejcie, R. V.、Morgan, D. W. (1970)。 Determining sample size for research activities。Educational and psychological measurement, 30(3),607-610。
Kremer, M.(2005)。 The Cultural Dimension of Welfare States Ideals of Care and Women’s Work。Book The Cultural Dimension of Welfare States Ideals of Care and Women’s Work,8,10。
Kuo, P. X.、Volling, B. L.、Gonzalez, R. (2018)。 Gender role beliefs, work–family conflict, and father involvement after the birth of a second child。Psychology of men & masculinity, 19(2),243。
Kvande, E.(2022)。 Individual Parental Leave for Fathers: Promoting Gender Equality in Norway。Engaged Fatherhood for Men, Families and Gender Equality。(153-163): Springer。
Lalive, R.、Schlosser, A.、Steinhauer, A.、Zweimüller, J. (2014)。 Parental leave and mothers' careers: The relative importance of job protection and cash benefits。Review of Economic Studies, 81(1),219-265。
Lamb, M. E.、Pleck, J. H.、Charnov, E. L.、Levine, J. A.(1987)。 A biosocial perspective on paternal behavior and involvement。Parenting across the life span。(111-142): Routledge。
McBride, B. A.、Brown, G. L.、Bost, K. K.、Shin, N.、Vaughn, B.、Korth, B. (2005)。 Paternal identity, maternal gatekeeping, and father involvement。Family relations, 54(3),360-372。
Reimer, T. (2020)。 Why fathers don’t take more parental leave in Germany: comparing mechanisms in different work organizations。Community, Work & Family, 23(4),419-438。
Ross-Plourde, M.、Pierce, T.、de Montigny, F. (2021)。 Predicting Canadian first-time fathers’ early childcare involvement behaviors using an extended theory of planned behavior。Psychology of Men & Masculinities。
Twamley, K.、Schober, P. (2019)。 Shared parental leave: Exploring variations in attitudes, eligibility, knowledge and take-up intentions of expectant mothers in London。Journal of Social Policy, 48(2),387-407。
Vinokur‐Kaplan, D. (1978)。 To Have–or Not to Have–Another Child: Family Planning Attitudes, Intentions, and Behavior 1。Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 8(1),29-46。