簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張鳳盛
Feng-Shen Chang
論文名稱: 手掌寬度與球體種類對國小五年級男生定點投籃動作型式的影響
Effects of different balls and width of palm on basketball set shooting patterns of elementary school grade 5 male students
指導教授: 林德隆
Lin, Der-Lung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
論文頁數: 81
中文關鍵詞: 手掌寬度投籃動作型式身體肢段分析法
英文關鍵詞: width of palm, set shooting patterns, body components approach
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:184下載:15
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究的目的在探討不同手掌寬度者用不同球體進行罰球線定點投籃時:(1)不同手掌寬度與不同的球體對於投籃結果有無交互作用?(2)不同手掌寬度的投籃動作型式在不同的球體限制下是否有差異?以60位慣用右手的男學童為實驗參加者,平均年齡為10.9 ± 0.3歲,依手掌寬度將其分為手掌寬度最大組、手掌寬度中間組與手掌寬度最小組等三組。實驗參加者使用四種不同的球體在罰球線進行試投,每人每種球試投6次,最後以攝影機將其投籃的動作型式拍攝下來,以身體肢段分析法進行評分。以χ2百分比同質性考驗及混合設計二因子變異數分析3(手掌寬度)×4(球體種類)等方法進行統計分析。結果顯示(一)三組實驗參加者在定點投籃動作型式的差異方面:1.三組實驗參加者之間在使用排球及籃球投籃時的腳步動作型式的差異達顯著水準;2.手掌寬度最大組,手、腳及軀幹等動作成分之差異性未達顯著水準;3.手掌寬度中間組則在手部動作型式上呈現顯著的差異性;4.手掌寬度最小組則在手部動作型式與腳步動作型式之差異性達顯著水準(二)在投籃命中得分結果方面:不同手掌寬度與不同球體對實驗參加者投籃得分結果沒有交互作用。故本研究的結論為:(一) 定點投籃動作型式會受手掌寬度與不同球體種類所影響;(二)投籃命中得分結果在不同組別的實驗參加者之沒有差異。

    The purpose of this study was to research that when different width of palm participants performed basketball set shooting with different balls:(1)Was there interaction effect between different width of palm and different balls for shooting scores? (2) Were there differences in shooting patterns between participants with different width of palm under different balls constrains? Sixty right-handed elementary school male students (mean age=10.9± 0.3 yrs.) served as participants. Based on the width of palm , we divided the sixty participants into three groups that were maximal width of palm group , middle width of palm group and minimal width of palm group. The participants performed set shooting on foul line with four kinds of different balls. Every participant performed set shooting with every kind of different balls for 6 times. Shooting performance was filmed and analyzed by using body component approach and scoring system. Chi-square test of homogeneity of proportions and two way mixed design ANOVA were administered for analyses. The findings were as follows: (1) The differences in set shooting patterns between three groups participants were: (a) There were significant differences in step patterns between three groups participants when they performed set shooting with volleyball and basketball. (b)There were not differences in hand patterns,
    step patterns, and trunk turn patterns between four kinds of different balls when maximal width of palm group participants performed set shooting. (c) There were differences in hand patterns between four kinds of different balls when middle width of palm group participants performed set shooting. (d)There were differences in hand patterns, and step patterns between four kinds of different balls when minimal width of palm group participants performed set shooting.(2)There were not interaction effect between different width of palm and different balls for shooting scores. The results of this study were as follows:
    (1) The set shooting patterns were affected by width of palm and different kinds of balls. (2)There were not differences in shooting scores between three groups participants when they performed set shooting with different kinds of balls.

    目次 中文摘要.............................Ⅰ 英文摘要.............................Ⅱ 目次...............................Ⅳ 表次...............................Ⅶ 圖次...............................ⅩⅠ 第壹章 緒論...........................1  第一節 問題背景........................2 第二節 研究重要性.......................5 第三節 研究目的........................6 第四節 研究問題與假設.....................6 第五節 名詞解釋與操作性定義..................7 第六節 研究假定與限制.....................8 第貳章 文獻探討..........................9 第一節 動作表現的相關理論...................9 一、生態論.........................9 二、動力系統理論..................... 10 三、行動系統理論..................... 14 四、動作發展的終生模式.................. 15 五、小結......................... 17 第二節 相關的實證研究....................17 一、 有關環境限制的研究.................17 二、 有關工作限制的相關研究...............17 三、 有關個體限制的相關研究. .............18 四、籃球投籃的相關研究.................18 五、小結........................19 第三節 投籃動作型式分析..................19 的章 研究方法與步驟.....................24   第一節 實驗參加對象....................24 第二節 實驗設計......................24 第三節 實驗器材與儀器...................26 第四節 資料粹取與分析...................26 第肆章 結果..........................29   第一節 不同手掌寬度與不同球體限制下投籃得分情形......29   第二節 不同手掌寬度與不同球體限制下投籃動作形式的比較...31     一、不同組的實驗參加者用相同球體投籃時的投籃動作形式..32     二、同一組的實驗參加者用不同球體投籃時的投籃動作形式..47 第伍章  討論..........................68   第一節 不同手掌寬度與不同球體限制下投籃得分情形......68   第二節 不同手掌寬度與不同球體限制下投籃動作型式的比較...69 第陸章 結論與建議.......................71   第一節 結論........................71   第二節 建議........................72 參考文獻............................74 附錄..............................78 附錄一 受試者基本資料....................78  附錄二 實驗參加者須知與同意書................79  附錄三 投籃動作形式層次分析評量表..............80  附錄四 定點投籃給分量表...................81 表次 表1 實驗參加對象基本資料...................24 表2 投籃得分平均數與標準差 描述統計摘要表..........30 表3 不同手掌寬度與不同球體對實驗參加者    投籃得分變異數分析摘要表................31 表4 以排球投籃三組實驗參加者    動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表.............35 表5 以排球投籃時手掌最大組與手掌中間組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........35 表6 以排球投籃時手掌最大組與手掌最小組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........36 表7 以排球投籃時手掌中間組與手掌最小組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........36 表8 以躲避球投籃時三組實驗參加者 動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表.............39 表9 以足球投籃時三組實驗參加者 動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表.............42 表10以籃球投籃時三組實驗參加者 動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表.............45 表11以籃球投籃時手掌最大組與手掌中間組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........46 表12以籃球投籃時手掌最大組與手掌最小組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........46 表13以籃球投籃時手掌中間組與手掌最小組 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........47 表14手掌最大組用四種不同球體投籃時     動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表 ............51 表15手掌中間組用四種不同球體投籃時    動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表.............54 表16手掌中間組用排球投籃與用足球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........55 表17手掌中間組用排球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........55 表18手掌中間組用排球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........56 表19手掌中間組用足球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........56 表20手掌中間組用足球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表.........57 表21手掌中間組用躲避球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........57 表22手掌寬度最小組用四種不同球體投籃時 動作型式百分比同質性考驗摘要表............61 表23手掌最小組用排球投籃與用足球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........61 表24手掌最小組用排球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........62 表25手掌最小組用排球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........62 表26手掌最小組用足球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........63 表27手掌最小組用足球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........63 表28手掌最小組用躲避球投籃與用籃球投籃時 手部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........64 表29手掌最小組用排球投籃與用足球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........64 表30手掌最小組用排球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........65 表31手掌最小組用排球投籃與用籃球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........65 表32手掌最小組用足球投籃與用躲避球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........66 表33手掌最小組用足球投籃與用籃球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........66 表34手掌最小組用躲避球投籃與用籃球投籃時 腳部動作型式百分比同質性事後比較摘要表........67 圖次 圖1 不同手掌寬度的實驗參加者使用     不同球體投籃時得分平均數曲線圖............30 圖2 不同組實驗參加者用排球投籃時     手部動作型式百分比分配圖...............32 圖3 不同組實驗參加者用排球投籃時     腳部動作型式百分比分配圖...............33 圖4 不同組實驗參加者用排球投籃時     軀幹動作型式百分比分配圖...............34 圖5 不同組實驗參加者用躲避球投籃時     手部動作型式百分比分配圖...............37 圖6 不同組實驗參加者用躲避球投籃時     腳部動作型式百分比分配圖...............38 圖7 不同組實驗參加者用躲避球投籃時     軀幹動作型式百分比分配圖...............39 圖8 不同組實驗參加者用足球投籃時     手部動作型式百分比分配圖...............40 圖9 不同組實驗參加者用足球投籃時     腳部動作型式百分比分配圖...............41 圖10不同組實驗參加者用足球投籃時     軀幹動作型式百分比分配圖...............42 圖11不同組實驗參加者用籃球投籃時     手部動作型式百分比分配圖...............43 圖12不同組實驗參加者用籃球投籃時     腳部動作型式百分比分配圖...............44 圖13不同組實驗參加者用籃球投籃時     軀幹動作型式百分比分配圖...............45 圖14手掌寬度最大組以不同球體投籃時     手部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............48 圖15手掌寬度最大組以不同球體投籃時     腳部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............49 圖16手掌寬度最大組以不同球體投籃時     軀幹動作型式性百分比分配圖..............50 圖17手掌寬度中間組以不同球體投籃時     手部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............52 圖18手掌寬度中間組以不同球體投籃時     腳部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............53 圖19手掌寬度中間組以不同球體投籃時     軀幹動作型式性百分比分配圖..............54 圖20手掌寬度最小組以不同球體投籃時     手部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............58 圖21手掌寬度最小組以不同球體投籃時     腳部動作型式性百分比分配圖..............59 圖22手掌寬度最小組以不同球體投籃時     軀幹動作型式性百分比分配圖..............60

    參考文獻
    成戎珠(1994)。動作發展新理論─動力系統理論之介紹。中華物療誌,19(1),88-97。
    李村棋與卓俊伶(1998a)。工作限制對國小學童投擲動作形式的影響。體育學報,25,225-232。
    李村棋與卓俊伶(1998b)。十二歲學童單手投擲形式的關鍵因素:手掌寬度。體育學報,25,259-268。
    林和。(1999)。混沌─不測風雲的背後。台北:天下遠見。
    林清山。(1992)。心裡與教育統計學。台北:東崋書局。
    胡明霞。(2001)。動作控制與動作學習。台北市:金名圖書。
    陳淑惠。(2003)。籃球投籃的行動知覺與距離效應。國立台灣師範大學體育研究所碩士論文。
    梁嘉音,卓俊伶與簡曜輝(1998)。距離對籃球投籃動作形式的影響:個案研究。體育學報,25,199-208。
    楊梓楣與卓俊伶(1998a)。5-12歲女童接球動作發展的年齡差異。體育學報,25,81-88。
    楊梓楣與卓俊伶(1998b)。接球動作形式的環境限制變項探討。體育學報,25,269-278。
    鄭錦和、李鴻棋與徐武雄(1998)。籃球基本動作圖解。台北市:台灣廣廈。
    Bernstein, N. (1967). The coordination and regulation of movements. London: Pergamon.
    Betty, T., Fitch ,H.L., &.Turvey, M.T. (1982). The Bernstein perspective: Ⅱ. the concept of muscle linkage or coorduative structure. Human Motor Behavior: an introduction . NJ:Lawrence Eribum Associates,253-270.
    Bruce,E.(1991). The jump shot: A Comparison of Male and Female Shooting Techniques.
    Sports Coach ,October-December 1991,41-45.
    Bruna, P. M., & Grimshaw, P. N. (1998). Variability in development of overarm throwing : A longitudinal case over the first 6months of throwing. Perceptual and Motor Skills , 86,1403-1418.
    Burton, A. W., Greer, N. L., & Wiese, D. M. (1992). Changes in overhand throwing patterns as a function of ball size. Pediatric Exercise Science , 4, 50-67.
    Davis,W.E., & Burton,A.W. (1991). Ecological task analysis: Translating movement behavior theory into practice. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,8,154-177.
    Dunn, J., & Fait, H. (1989). Special physical education: Adapted, individualized, developmental (6th ed.), Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown.
    Gesell, A. (1928). Infancy and human growth. New York: Macmillan.
    Gibson, J.J.(1977). The theory of affordances. In R. Shaw & J. Bransford(Eds.). Perceiving, acting, and knowing: Toward and ecological psychology (pp 67-82), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    Gibson, J.J.(1979). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
    Halverson, L. E., & Roberton, M. A. (1982). Development of the overarm throw: Movement and Ball Velocity Changes by Seventh Grade. Research Quarterly for Exercise and sport , 53,3, 1198-205.
    Herkowitz, J. (1978). Developmental task analysis: The design of movement experiences and evaluation of motor development status. In M. V. Ridenour (ed.), Motor development: Issues and application (pp139-164), Princeton, NJ: Princeton.
    Kamm, K., Thelen, E.,& Jensen,J.L.(1990). A dynamical systems approach to motor development.
    Physical Therapy,70. 763-775.
    Konczak, J. (1990). Toward an ecological theory of motor development: the relevance of the Gibsonian approach to vision for motor development research. In J, E. Clark & J. H. Humphrey (Eds.), Advances in motor development research ,3(pp201-224), New York: AMS press.
    Krause,V.J.(1991).Basketball skills & drills. Champaign, IL: Leisure Press.
    Liu, S., & Burton, A. W. (1999). Changes in basketball shooting patterns as a function of distance.
    Perceptual and Motor Skills,89,831-845.
    Manoel, E. De., & Oliveira, J.A. (2000). Motor development status and task constraint in overarm throwing. Journal of Human Movement Studies , 39,359-378.
    Melissa, A.C., Marth, E.E., Cathy, D.L.,& Thomas,R.G.(1994).The effects of equipment modification on children’s self-efficacy and basketball shooting performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,65(2),159-168.
    Miriam, N.S., Stephen, P.M.,& Sallie,K.M.(1989). The effect of ball size and basket height on the mechanics of the basketball free throw. Journal of Human Movement Studies,16, 123-137.
    Nelson, J. K., Thomas, J. R. & Nelson, K. R. (1986). Gender Differences in Children’s Throwing Performance: Biology and Environment. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ,57,(4),280-287.
    Nelson, K. R., Thomas, J. R. & Nelson, J. K. (1991). Longitudinal change in throwing performance: Gender differences. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ,62,(1),105-108.
    Newell, K. M. (1986). Constraints on the development of coordination. In M. G. Wade, & H. T. A. Whiting. (Eds.). Motor development in children: Aspects of coordination and control,(pp 341-361), Amsterdam: Matius Nifhoff.
    Nitsch, J.R.(1985a).The action-theoretical perspective. International Review for the Sociology of sport,20, 263-282.
    Nitsch, J.R.(1994).The organization of motor behavior: An action-theoretical perspective. In J.R. Nitsch & R.Seiler(Eds.), Movement and sport : Psychological foundations abd effects.Vol.2:
    Motor control and motor learning(pp.3-21). Sankt Augustin:Academia.
    Raudsepp, L., Pall, P., Raie, J., & Kais, K. (2003). Changes in overhand throwing patterns of children as a function of task conditions. Journal of Human Movement Studies , 45, 359-378.
    Reed, E. S. (1982). An outline of a theory action system. Journal of Motor Behavior, 14, 98-134.
    Roberton, M. A. (1977). Stability of stage categorizations across trials: Implications for the “stage theory” of overarm throw development. Journal of Human Movement Studies,3 ,49-59.
    Roberton, M. A., Halverson, L.E., Langendorfer, S., & Williams, K. (1979). Longitudinal change in children’s overarm throw ball velocities. Research Quarterly ,50,(2), 256-264.
    Roland, S.(2000). The intentional link between environment and action in the acquisition of skill. International Journal Sport Psychology,31. 496-541.

    Sherrill, C. (1986). Adapted physical education and recreation: A multidisciplinary approach (3rd ed.). Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown.
    Smead, V. S. (1977). Ability training and task analysis in diagnostic / prescriptive teaching. The Journal of Special Education , 11, 113-125.
    Turvey, M.T., Fitch ,H.L., & Tuller,B.(1982). The Bernstein perspective: Ⅰ.the problems of degree of freedom and context-coordination variability. Human Motor Behavior: an introduction . NJ:Lawrence Eribum Associates,239-252.
    Wallace, S. A.,& Hagler,R. W.(1979). Knowledge of performanced and the learning of a closed motor skill. Research Quarterly, 50, 265-267.
    Wehman, P., & Schleien, S. (1981). Leisure programs for handicapped person , Austin, TX: PRO-ED.
    Yan, H. J., Payne, V. G., & Thomas, J. R. (2000). Developmental kinematics of young girls overarm throwing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 71, (1), 92-98.

    QR CODE