研究生: |
李婉綾 Lee, Wan-Ling |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
國中生人格特質、人際歸因、認可需求與拒絕敏感度之關係研究 A Correlation Study on Personality Trait, Interpersonal Attribution, Need for Approval, and Rejection Sensitivity among Junior High School Students |
指導教授: |
程景琳
Cheng, Ching-Ling |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育心理與輔導學系 Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling |
論文出版年: | 2019 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 124 |
中文關鍵詞: | 人格特質 、人際歸因 、青少年 、拒絕敏感度 、認可需求 |
英文關鍵詞: | Adolescents, Interpersonal attribution, Need for approval, Personality trait, Rejection sensitivity |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201900189 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:283 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在瞭解國中生的人格特質、人際歸因、認可需求與拒絕敏感度之關係,並將兩種類型拒絕敏感度(即焦慮拒絕預期及生氣拒絕預期)同時納入探討。本研究對象為國中七、八、九年級學生,合計616位學生(平均年齡13.80歲)。使用「人格特質量表」、「人際歸因量表」、「同儕認可需求量表」及「同儕拒絕敏感度量表」做為本研究之測量工具,並以描述性統計、Pearson積差相關、獨立樣本t檢定、多元迴歸及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。主要研究發現如下:(1)人格特質與拒絕敏感度有顯著關聯;(2)人際歸因對人格特質與焦慮拒絕預期之關聯無中介效果;(3)人際歸因對人格特質與生氣拒絕預期之關聯有部分中介效果;(4)正向認可需求對人格特質與拒絕敏感度之關聯無調節效果;(5)負向認可需求對人格特質與拒絕敏感度之關聯有調節效果。最後根據本研究之發現,針對教育輔導工作者及未來研究提出相關建議。
The present study aimed to examine the correlation between personality trait, interpersonal attribution, need for approval and rejection sensitivity among junior high school students. In addition, the study highlighted the importance of considering the two forms of rejection sensitivity which refers to anxious expectation of rejection and angry expectation of rejection. A sample of 616 seventh-to-ninth graders (mean age = 13.80) completed self-reported measures of the Personality Trait Questionnaire, the Interpersonal Attribution Questionnaire, the Need for Approval Questionnaire, and the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, independent sample t-test, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The main findings of the study were summarized as follows: (1) Personality trait was significantly correlated with rejection sensitivity; (2) Interpersonal attribution did not play a mediating role in the relationship between personality trait and anxious expectation of rejection; (3) Interpersonal attribution partially mediated the relationship between personality trait and angry expectation of rejection; (4) Positive approval-based self-appraisals did not play a moderating role in the relationship between personality trait and rejection sensitivity; and (5) Negative approval-based self-appraisals moderated the relationship between personality trait and rejection sensitivity. Based on these findings, suggestions for educators and future research were provided.
ㄧ、中文部分
林芃萱 (2016)。邊緣性人格疾患的情緒調節、執行控制、拒絕敏感度與情緒辨
識之關聯性研究(未出版之碩士論文)。輔仁大學,新北市。
吳明隆 (2007)。SPSS操作與應用:問卷統計分析實務。臺北市:五南。
李 珊 (2015)。大學生拒絕敏感度、情緒調節與約會暴力之相關研究(未出版之
碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
李雅婷 (2005)。國小學童的性別及社交地位與歸因方式、人際信念、表情辨識
能力以及友誼品質之關係(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
邱皓政 (2010)。量化研究與統計分析:SPSS(PASW)資料分析範例。臺北市:
五南。
吳玫瑩 (2015)。大學生拒絕敏感度、敵意和憂鬱之關係研究(未出版之碩士論
文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
吳若慈 (2015)。青少年依附關係、拒絕敏感度與友誼品質之相關研究(未出版之
碩士論文)。國立臺中教育大學,臺中市。
陳思帆 (2008)。大學生依附關係、拒絕敏感度與曖昧訊息處理之關係研究(未出
版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
孫軒敏 (2014)。諮商與臨床系所學生的拒絕敏感度與人際親密能力之相關研究:
以自我意識為調節變項。玄奘大學,新竹市。
許文宗 (2010)。國中學生虛擬霸凌與傳統霸凌之相關研究(未出版之碩士論
文)。國立彰化師範大學,彰化市。
曹中瑋 (2013)。當下,與情緒相遇:諮商心理師的情緒理解與自我生命歷程。
臺北市:張老師文化。
程景琳、廖小雯(2010)。「同儕拒絕敏感度量表」之中文化修訂。台灣心理學會
第49 屆年會暨「心理學的基礎與應用」專題研討會。嘉義縣中正大學。
葉北辰、雷庚玲 (2008)。兒童對同儕言語挑釁之受傷與易怒敏感度:社會計量差異與發展差異。中華心理學刊,50(1),49-69。
鄭宇喬 (2014)。父母教養態度、自我意識、拒絕敏感度與社交焦慮之相關研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
鄭秋娥 (2011)。國中生的人格特質與關係攻擊之中介效果考驗(未出版之碩士論
文)。國立交通大學,新竹市。
鄭麗鳳 (2003)。國中學生內外控信念與利社會行為之相關研究(未出版之碩士論
文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
劉元昌 (2014)。拒絕敏感度、人際行為與憂鬱症狀間關係之初探研究(未出版之
碩士論文)。輔仁大學,新北市。
潘奕瑄 (2015)。高憂鬱與高反應性攻擊行為青少年在負面人際情境中的社會認
知之探索(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學,臺北市。
藍珮君 (2006)。國中女生關係攻擊行為及意圖歸因、友誼品質、自我概念之相
關研究(未出版之碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,臺北市。
葉光輝(譯)(2012)。性格心理學:理論與研究(第二版)(原作者:L. A. Pervin & D.
Cervone)。臺北市:雙葉書廊。
二、英文部分
Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: Holt.
Asher, S. R., Rose, A. J., & Gabriel, S. W. (2001). Peer rejection in everyday life. In M. R. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 105-142). New York: Oxford University Press.
Ayduk, O., Downey, G., & Kim, M. (2001). Rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms in women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(7), 868-877. doi: 10.1177/0146167201277009
Ayduk, O., & Gyurak, A. (2008). Applying the cognitive-affective processing systems approach to conceptualizing rejection sensitivity. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(5), 2016–2033. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00143.x
Ayduk, O., & Gyurak, A., & Luerssen, A. (2008). Individual differences in the rejection-aggression link in the hot sause paradigm: The case of rejection sensitivity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44(3), 775-782. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2007.07.004
Ayduk, O., & Gyurak, A., & Luerssen, A. (2009). Rejection sensitivity moderates the impact of rejection on self-concept clarity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(11), 1467-1478.
Ayduk, O., Mendoza-Denton, R., Mischel, W., Downey, G., Peake, P. K., & Rodriquez, M. (2000). Regulating the interpersonal self: Strategic self-regulation for coping with rejection sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(5), 776-792. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.776
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529. doi: 10.1037//0033-2909.117.3.497
Berenson, K. R., Gyurak, A., Ayduk, O., Downey, G., Garner, M. J., Mogg, K., Bredley, B. P., & Pine, D. S. (2009). Rejection sensitivity and disruption of attention by social threat cues. Journal of Research in Personality,43(6), 1064-1072. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.07.007
Bondü, R., & Krahé, B. (2015). Links of justice and rejection sensitivity with aggression in childhood and adolescence. Aggressive Behavior, 41(4), 353-368. doi: 10.1002/ab.21556
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment: Anxiety and anger. New York: Basic Books.
Boyce, P., & Parker, G. (1989). Development of a scale to measure interpersonal sensitivity. Australian and New Zealand Journal of
Psychiatry, 23(3), 341-351.
Breines, J. G., & Ayduk, O. (2015). Rejection sensitivity and vulnerability to
self-directed hostile cognitions following rejection. Journal of Personality, 83, 1-13. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12077
Brookings, J. B., Zembar, M. J., & Hochstetler, G. M. (2003). An interpersonal circumplex/five-factor analysis of the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 449-461. doi:
10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00065-X
Buckley, K. E., Winkel, R. E., & Leary, M. R. (2004). Reactions of acceptance and rejection: Effects of level and sequence of relational evaluation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 14-28. doi: 10.1016/S0022-1031(03)00064-7
Buhrmester, D., & Furman, W. (1987). The development of companionship and intimacy. Child Development, 58, 1101-1113. doi: 10.2307/1130550
Bungert, M., Liebke, L., Thome, J., Haeussler, K., Bohus, M., & Lis, S. (2015). Rejection sensitivity and symptom severity in patients with borderline personality disorder: Effects of childhood maltreatment and self-esteem. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 2(1), 4. doi: 10.1186/s40479-015-0025-x
Burgess, K. B., Wojslawowicz, J. C., Rubin, K. H., Rose-Krasnor, L., &
Booth-LaForce, C. (2006). Social information processing and coping strategies of shy/withdrawn and aggressive children: Does friendship matter? Child Development, 77(2), 371-383. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00876.x
Butler, J.C., Doherty, M. S., & Potter, R. M. (2007). Social antecedents and
consequences of interpersonal rejection sensitivity. Personality and Individual differences, 43, 1376-1385. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.006
Cain, N.M., De Panfilis, C., Meehan, K.B., & Clarkin. J.F. (2017). A multisurface interpersonal circumplex assessment of rejection sensitivity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 99, 35-45. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2016.1186032
Canon, W. B. (1929). Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear ,and rage: An account of recent research into the function of emotional excitement. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Canu, W. H., & Carlson, C. L. (2007). Rejection sensitivity and social outcomes of young adult men with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 10(3), 261-275. doi: 10.1177/1087054706288106
Chan, W., & Mendoza-Denton, R. (2008). Status-based rejection sensitivity among Asian Americans: Implications for psychological distress. Journal of Personality, 76(5), 1317-1346. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00522.x
Crandall, V. C., Crandall, V. J., & Katkovsky, W. (1965). A children's social desirability questionnaire. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29(1), 27-36. doi: 10.1037/h0020966
Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social
information-processing mechanisms in children’s social adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 115(1), 74-101. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.115.1.74
Crick, N. R., & Ladd, G.W. (1993). Children’s perceptions of their peer experiences: Attributions, social anxiety, and social avoidance. Developmental Psychology, 29(2), 244-254. doi: 10.1037/0012
1649.29.2.244
Croft, C. D., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2014). Friendship conflict, conflict
responses, and instability: Unique links to anxious and angry forms of rejection sensitivity. Journal of Early Adolescence, 34(8), 1094-1119. doi: 10.1177/0272431613518972
Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24(4), 349-354. doi: 10.1037/h0047358
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
Downey, G., & Feldman, S. (1996). Implications of rejection sensitivity for intimate relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(6), 1327-1343. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.6.1327
Downey, G., Freitas, A. L., Michaelis, B., & Khouri, H. (1998). The self-fulfilling prophecy in close relationships:Rejection sensitivity and rejection by romantic partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(2), 545-560. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.2.545
Downey, G., Irwin, L., Ramsay, M., & Ayduk, O. (2004) Rejection sensitivity and girls’ aggression. In Moretti M, Odgers C, & Jackson M (Eds.). Girls and aggression: Contributing factors and intervention principles (pp. 7–25). New York: Springer.
Downey, G., Lebolt, A., Rincon, C., & Freitas, A. L. (1998). Rejection sensitivity and children’s interpersonal difficulties. Child Development, 69(4), 1074-1091. doi: 10.2307/1132363
Downey, G., Mougios, V., Ayduk, O., London, B. E., & Shoda, Y. (2004). Rejection sensitivity and the defensive motivational system: Insights from the startle response to rejection cues. Psychological Science, 15(10), 668-673. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00738.x
Ehnvall, A., Mitchell, P. B., Hadzi-Pavlovic, D., Parker, G., Frankland, A., Loo, C., Breaksperm M., Wright, A., Roberts, G., Lau, P., & Perich, T. (2014). Rejection sensitivity and pain in bipolar versus unipolar depression. Bipolar Disorders, 16(2), 190-198. doi: 10.1111/bdi.12147
Erikson, E. H. (1950). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
Feldman, S., & Downey, G. (1994). Rejection sensitivity as a mediator of the impact of childhood exposure to family violence on adult attachment behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 6, 231-247. doi: 10.1017/S0954579400005976
Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115-134. doi: 10.1037/0022-0167.51.2.157
Gable, S. L., & Gosnell, C. L. (2013). Approach and avoidance behavior in
interpersonal relationships. Emotion Review, 5(3), 269-274. doi:
10.1177/1754073913477513
Gao, S., Assink, M., Cipriani, A., & Lin, K. (2017). Associations between rejection sensitivity and mental health outcomes: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, 59-74. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.007
Georgiou, S. N., & Stavrinides, P. (2008). Bullies, victims, and bully-victims: Psychosocial profiles and attribution styles. School Psychology International, 29(5), 574-589. doi: 10.1177/0143034308099202
Gladstone, T. R., & Kaslow, N. J. (1995). Depression and attributions in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23(5), 597-606. doi: 10.1007/BF01447664
Goodman, J., Fertuck, E., Chesin, M., Lichenstein, S., & Stanley, B. (2014). The moderating role of rejection sensitivity in the relationship between emotional maltreatment and borderline symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences, 71, 146-150. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.07.038
Graham, S., & Juvonen, J. (1998). Self-blame and peer victimization in middle school: An attribution analysis. Developmental Psychology, 34(3), 587-599. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.34.3.587
Graziano, W. G., Jensen-Campbell, L. A., & Hair, E. C. (1996). Perceiving
interpersonal conflict and reacting to it: The case for agreeableness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(4), 820-835. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.820
Guerra, V. S., Asher, S. R., & DeRosier, M. E. (2004). Effect of children’s perceived rejection on physical aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32(5), 551-563. doi: 10.1023/B:JACP.0000037783.88097.69
Gyurak, A., & Ayduk, O. (2007). Defensive physiological reactions to rejection: The effect of self-esteem and attentional control on startle responses. Psychological Science, 18(10), 886-892. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01996.x
Hafen, C. A., Spilker, A., Chango, J., Marston, E. S., & Allen, J. P. (2014) To accept or reject? The impact of adolescent rejection sensitivity on early adult romantic relationships. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1), 55-64. doi: 10.1111/jora.12081
Hampson, S. E. (2012). Personality processes: Mechanisms by which personality traits “get outside the skin”. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 315-339. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100419
Harper, B. D. (2012). Parents’ and children’s beliefs about peer victimization: Attributions, coping responses, and child adjustment. Journal of Early Adolescence, 32(3), 387-413. doi: 10.1177/0272431610396089
Harper, M. S., Dickson, J. W., & Welsh, D. P. (2006). Self-silencing and rejection sensitivity in adolescent romantic relationship. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(3), 459-467. doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9048-3
Harter, S., Waters, P., & Whitesell, N. R. (1998). Relational self-worth: Differences in perceived worth as a person across interpersonal contexts among adolescents. Child Development, 69(3), 756-766. doi: 10.2307/1132202
Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
Jacobson, L. I., Berger, S. E., & Millham, J. (1970). Individual differences in cheating during a temptation period when conforting failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 15(1), 48-56. doi: 10.1037/h0029204
Jacobson, L. I., & Ford, L. H. (1966). Need for approval, defensive denial, and sensitivity to cultural stereotypes. Journal of Personality, 34(4), 596-609. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1966.tb02374.x
Jacobs, N., & Harper, B. (2013). The effects of rejection sensitivity on reactive and proactive aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 39, 3-12. doi: 10.1002/ab.21455
Jensen-Campbell, L. A., Adams R., Perry, D.G., Workman, K. A., Furdella, J. Q., & Egan, S. K. (2002). Agreeableness, extraversion, and peer relations in early adolescence: Winning friends and deflecting aggression. Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 224-251. doi:
10.1006/jrpe.2002.2348
John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1990). Big five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In Pervin, L.A. and John, O.P. Eds., Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (pp. 102-138), New York: Guilford Press.
Kunimatsu, M. M., & Marsee, M. A. (2012). Examining the presence of anxiety in aggressive individuals: The illuminating role of fight- or –flight mechanisms. In Child Youth Care Forum, 41(3), 247-258. doi: 10.1007/s10566-012-9178-6
Kuppens, P., Van Mechelen, I., & Meulders, M. (2004). Every cloud has a silver lining: Interpersonal and individual differences determinants of anger-related hehavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(12), 1550-1564. doi: 10.1177/0146167204271176
Lavell, C. H., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Farrell, L. J., & Webb, H. (2014).
Victimization, social anxiety, and body dysmorphic concerns: appearance-based rejection sensitivity as a mediator. Body Image, 11(4), 391-395. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.06.008
Leary, M. R., Koch, E. J., & Hechenbleikner, N. R. (2001). Emotional responses to interpersonal rejection. In M. R. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 144-166). New York: Oxford University Press.
Levy, S., Ayduk, O., & Downey, G. (2001). The role of rejection sensitivity in people’s relationships with significant others and valued social groups. In M. R. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 251-289). New York: Oxford University Press.
Leary, M. R., Twenge, J. M., & Quinlivan, E. (2006). Interpersonal rejection as a determinant of anger and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(2), 111-132. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr1002_2
Liu, J. (2004). Childhood Externalizing Behavior: Theory and Implications. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 17(3), 93-103.
Loeb, E., Hessel, E. T., & Allen, J. (2016). The self-fulfilling prophecy of adolescent social expectations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 40(6), 555-564. doi: 10.1177/0165025415618274
London, B., Downey, G., & Bonica, C., & Patlin, I. (2007). Social causes and consequences of rejection sensitivity. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 17(3), 481-506. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2007.00531.x
London, B., Downey, G., Romero-Canyas, R., Rattan, A., & Tayson, D. (2012). Gender-based rejection sensitivity and academic self-silencing in women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(5), 961-979. doi: 10.1037/a0026615
MacDonald, G., Saltzman, J. L., & Leary, M. R. (2003). Social approval and trait self-esteem. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(2), 23-40. doi: 10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00531-7
Marston, E. G., Hare, A., & Allen, J. P. (2010). Rejection sensitivity in late
adolescence: Social and emotional sequelae. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 20(4), 959-982. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00675.x
Martin, R., Watson, D., & Wan, C. K. (2000). A three-factor model of trait anger: Dimensions of affect, behavior, and cognition. Journal of Personality, 68(5), 869-897. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.00119
Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper and Row.
McClelland, D. C. (1958). Methods of measuring human motivation. In J. W. Atkinson(Ed.), Motives in fantasy, action, and society (pp. 7-42). Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc.
McClure Brenchley, K. J., & Quinn, D. M. (2016). Weight-based rejection sensitivity: Scale development and implications for well-being. Body Image, 16, 79-92. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.11.005
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1985). Comparison of EPI and psychoticism scales with measures of the five-factor model of personality. Personality and Individual differences, 6(5), 587-597. doi: 10.1016/0191
8869(85)90008-X
McCrae, R. R., & John, O. P. (1992). An introduction to the five-factor model and its applications. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 175-215. doi:
10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00970.x
McDonald, K. L., Bowker, J. C., Rubin, K. H., Laursen, B., & Duchene, M. S. (2010). Interactions between rejection sensitivity and supportive relationships in the prediction of adolescents’ internalizing difficulties, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(5), 563-574. doi: 10.1007/s10964-010-9519-4
Mehrabian, A. (1970). The development and validation of measures of affiliative tendency and sensitivity to rejection. Educational and Psychological Measurement , 30(2), 417-428. doi: 10.1177/001316447003000226
Meier, B. P., & Robinson, M. D. (2004). Does quick to blame mean quick to anger? The role of agreeableness in dissociating blame and anger. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(7), 856-867. doi: 10.1177/0146167204264764
Meier, B. P., Wilkowski, B. M., & Robinson, M. D. (2008). Bringing out the
agreeableness in everyone: Using a cognitive self-regulation model to reduce aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44(5), 1383-1387. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2008.05.005
Mendoza-Denton, R., Downey, G., Purdie, V. J., Davis, A., & Pietrzak, J. (2002). Sensitivity to status-based rejection: Implications for African American student’s college experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 896-918. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.896
Millham, J. (1974). Two components of need for approval score and their relationship to cheating following success and failure. Journal of Research in Personality, 8, 378-392. doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(74)90028-2
Mulder, S. F., & van Aken, M. A. G. (2014). Socially anxious children at risk for victimization: The role of personality. Social Development, 23(4), 719-733. doi: 10.1111/sode.12068
Natarajan, G., Somasundaram, C. P., & Sundraram, K. R. (2011). Relationship between attachment security and rejection sensitivity in early adolescence. Psychological Studies, 56(4), 378-386. doi: 10.1007/s12646-011-0108-8
Ode, S., Robinson, M. D., & Wilkowski, B. M. (2008). Can one’s temper be cooled? A role for aggression in moderating neuroticism’s influence on anger and aggression. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(2), 295-311. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2007.05.007
Özen, A., Sümer, N., Demir, M. (2010). Predicting friendship quality with rejection sensitivity and attachment security. Journal of Social Personal Relationships, 28(2), 163-181. doi: 10.1177/0265407510380607
Panak, W. F., & Garber. J. (1992). Role of aggression, rejection, and attributions in the prediction of depression in children. Development and Psychopathology, 4(1), 145-165. doi: 10.1017/S0954579400005617
Park, L. E. (2007). Appearance-based rejection sensitivity: Implications for mental and physical health, affect, and motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(4), 490-504. doi: 10.1177/0146167206296301
Park, L. E. (2010). Responses to self-threat: Linking self and relational constructs with approach and avoidance motivation. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(3), 201-221. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00247.x
Park, L. E., & Harwin, M. (2010). Visible versus invisible rejection: Consequences of appearance-based rejection sensitivity. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 128-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.10.001
Pietrzak, J., Downey, G., & Ayduk, O. (2005). Rejection sensitivity as an interpersonal vulnerability. In M. W. Baldwin (Ed.), Interpersonal Cognition (pp.62-84). New York: Guilford Press.
Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interaction effects in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31(4), 437-448. doi: 10.3102/10769986031004437
Purdie, V., & Downey, G. (2000). Rejection sensitivity and adolescent girl’s
vulnerability to relationship-centered difficulties. Child Maltreatment, 5(4),
338-349. doi: 10.1177/1077559500005004005
Reijntjes, A., Thomas, S., Kamphuis, J. H., Bushman, B. J., de Castro, B.O., & Telch, M. J. (2011). Explaining the paradoxical rejection-aggression link: The mediating effects of hostile intent attributions, anger, and decreases in state self-esteem on peer rejection-induced aggression in youth. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(7), 955-963. doi: 10.1177/0146167211410247
Rigby, B. T., & Huebner, E. S. (2005). Do causal attributions meditate the relationship between personality characteristics and life satisfaction in adolescence? Psychology in the Schools, 42(1), 91-99. doi: 10.1002/pits.20026
Robinson, M. D. (2007). Personality, affective processing, and self-regulation: Toward process-based views of extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeableness. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 223-235. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00019.x
Romero-Canyas, R., & Downey, G. (2005). Rejection sensitivity as a predictor of affective and behavioral responses to interpersonal stress: A defensive motivational system. In K. D. Williams, J. P. Forgas, & W. Hippel (Eds.), The social outcast: Ostracism, social exclusion, rejection, and bullying (pp. 131-154). New York: Psychology Press.
Romero-Canyas, R., & Downey, G. (2013). What I see when I think it’s about me: People low in rejection-sensitivity downplay cues of rejection in self-relevant interpersonal situations. Emotion, 13(1), 104-117. doi: 10.1037/a0029786
Romero-Canyas, R., Downey, G., Berenson, K., Ayduk, O., & Kang, N. J. (2010).Rejection sensitivity and the rejection-hostility link in romantic relationships. Journal of Personality, 78(1), 119-148. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00611.x
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28. doi: 10.1037/h0092976
Rudolph, K. D., & Bohn, L. E. (2014). Translating social motivation into action: Contributions of need for approval to children’s social engagement. Social Development, 23(2), 376-394. doi: 10.1111/sode.12050
Rudolph, K. D., Caldwell, M. S., & Conley, C. S. (2005). Need for approval and children’s well-being. Child Development,76(2), 309–323. doi:
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00847_a.x
Rudolph, K. D., & Clark, A. G. (2001). Conceptions of relationships in children with depression and aggressive symptoms: Social-cognitive distortion or reality? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29(1), 41-56. doi: 10.1023/A:1005299429060
Rudolph, J., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2014). Parent relationships and adolescents’ depression and social anxiety: Indirect associations via emotional sensitivity to rejection threat. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(2), 110-121. doi: 10.1111/ajpy.12042
Sandstrom, M. J., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Eisenhower, A. (2003). Children’s appraisal of peer rejection experiences: Impact on social and emotional adjustment. Social Development, 12(4), 530-550. doi: 10.1111/1467-9507.00247
Schacter, H. L., White, S. J., Chang, V. Y., & Juvonen, J. (2015). “Why me?”: Characterological self-blame and continued victimization in the first year of middle school. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 44(3), 446-455. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2013.865194
Seligman, M.E.P. (1975). Helplessness: On Depression, Development, and Death. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman.
Seligman, M. E. P., Kaslow, N. J., Alloy, L. B., Peterson, C., Tanenbaum, R. L., & Abramson, L. Y. (1984). Attributional style and depressive symptoms among children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93(2), 235-238. doi: 10.1037//0021-843X.93.2.235
Sijtsema, J. J., Shoulberg, E. K., & Murray-Close, D. (2011). Physiological reactivity and different forms of aggression in girls: Moderating roles of rejection sensitivity and peer rejection. Biological Psychology, 86(3), 181-192. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.11.007
Slobodskaya, H. R., & Akhmetova, O. A. (2010). Personality development and problem behavior in Russian children and adolescents. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34(5), 441-451. doi:
10.1177/0165025409352825
Steers, M.-L. N., Quist, M. C., Bryan, J. L., Foster, D. W., Young, C. M., & Neighbors, C. (2016). I want you to like me: Extraversion, need for approval, and time on Facebook as predictors of anxiety. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 2(3), 283-293. doi: 10.1037/tps0000082
Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
Twenge, J. M., & Im, C. (2007). Changes in the need for social approval, 1958-2001. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(1), 171-189. doi:
10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.006
Vanhalst, J., Soenens, B., Luyckx, K., Van Petegem, S., Weeks, M. S., & Asher, S. R. (2015). Why do the lonely stay lonely? Chronically lonely adolescents’ attributions and emotions in situations of social inclusion and exclusion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(5), 932-948. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000051
Wang, J. M., Hartl, A. C., Laursen, B., & Rubin, K. H. (2017). The high costs of low agreeableness: Low agreeableness exacerbates interpersonal consequences of rejection sensitivity in U.S and Chinese adolescents. Journal of Research in Personality, 67, 36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2016.02.005
Wang, J., McDonald, K. L., Rubin, K. H., & Laursen, B. (2012). Peer rejection as a social antecedent to rejection sensitivity in youth: The role of relational valuation. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(7), 939-942. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.07.007
Webb, H, J., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2016). A longitudinal study of
appearance-based rejection sensitivity and the peer appearance culture. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 43, 91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2016.01.004
Weiner, B. (1985). An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review, 92(4), 548-573. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.92.4.548
Wolters, N., Knoors, H., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Verhoeven, L. (2014). Behavioral, personality, and communicative predictors of acceptance and popularity in early adolescence. Journal of Early Adolescence, 34(5), 585-605. doi: 10.1177/0272431613510403
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2016). Peer rejection, victimization, and relational self-system processes in adolescence: Toward a transactional model of stress, coping, and developing sensitivities. Child Development Perspectives, 10(2), 122-127. doi: 10.1111/cdep.12174
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Nesdale, D. (2013). Anxious and angry rejection sensitivity, social withdrawal, and retribution in high and low ambiguous situations. Journal of Personality, 81(1), 29-38. doi:
10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00792.x
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Nesdale, D., Fersterer, J., & Wilson, J. (2014). An experimental of rejection: Effects on children’s attitudes and mood on rejection sensitivity and relationship history. Australian Journal of Psychology, 66(1), 8-17. doi: 10.1111/ajpy.12029
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Nesdale, D., McGregor, L., Mastro, S., Goodwin, B.,& Downey, G. (2013). Comparing reports of peer rejection: Associations with rejection sensitivity, victimization, aggression, and friendship. Journal of Adolescence, 36(6), 1237-1246. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.10.002
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Nesdale, D., Webb, H. J., Khatibi, M.,& Downey, G. (2016). A longitudinal rejection sensitivity model of depression and aggression: Unique roles of anxiety, anger, blame, withdrawal and retribution. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44(7), 1291-1307. doi: 10.1007/s10802-016-0127-y
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Skinner, E. A. (2015). Adolescent vulnerability and the distress of rejection: Associations of adjustment problems and gender with control, emotions, and coping. Journal of Adolescence, 45, 149-159. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.09.004
Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Trevaskis, S., Nesdale, D., & Downey, G. (2014). Relational victimization, loneliness and depressive symptoms: Indirect associations via self and peer reports of rejection sensitivity. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43(4), 568-582. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013-9993-6