研究生: |
江美玲 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
芙烈達卡蘿(Frida Kahlo,1907-1954)人生歷程與繪畫創作之關係研究 |
指導教授: | 呂清夫 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
美術學系 Department of Fine Arts |
論文出版年: | 2004 |
畢業學年度: | 92 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 109 |
中文關鍵詞: | 芙烈達 、卡蘿 、繪畫 |
英文關鍵詞: | Frida Kahlo, Painting |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:673 下載:86 |
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墨西哥女畫家芙烈達‧卡蘿( Frida Kahlo,1907-1954)一生充滿傳奇色彩。傳承自父親匈裔德國猶太及母親西裔印地安文化血脈,出生年代正逢墨西哥走向現代化與民主化,而最引人注目的是她的藝術天份與個人色彩徹底結合,在動盪的年代以充滿生命力的筆觸創作無比真實情感的作品。
卡蘿一生坎坷,六歲時不幸患小兒麻痺症,十八歲遭逢車禍,一根金屬扶手刺穿骨盆而出,造成身體傷殘及無法生育。除了肉體的痛苦,她與丈夫狄亞哥‧里維拉( Diego Rivera,1886-1957,墨西哥壁畫家)之間的愛戀分合,成為她生命中繪畫的主題,畫中流血、哭泣、體無完膚的景象,彷彿在尋求某種自我救贖、關照與治療,尤其自畫像大多反映她人生境遇與強烈的心情感受,獨特的形式與風格成為二十世紀畫壇的異數。
由於芙烈達‧卡蘿本身撰寫的資料有限,對於其繪畫創作思想歷程,則有必要循著藝術家的生平活動,依序從養成教育的過程與作品風格的形成進行理解,因此本論文的第一部份先從卡蘿繪畫風格的醞釀與形成著手,探究其成長背景與印地安文化根源的影響,瞭解其藝術啟蒙與藝術發展的概況,並剖析卡蘿人格特質與繪畫發展的關係。
論文第二部份就卡蘿的畫作分析與詮釋,首先論述其繪畫創作過程與一生所遭遇的挫折病痛有關,接著由卡蘿畫作類型一一剖析,闡述其繪畫表現的獨特性,最後探討卡蘿的自傳式繪畫特質,描繪了一生的經歷與強調文化認同,畫作中圖像的語彙與象徵意義,傳達了更為深刻的訊息,而她的藝術特質與當時藝術發展的關聯,也促成她在近代藝術佔有一席之地,然其作品背後所蘊藏之內涵才是值得深究之處。
The life of Frida Kahlo (Mexican artist, 1907-1954) could be regarded as a legend. She inherited cultural features from her father, a Hungarian Germany Jew, and mother, a Spanish Indian. The age of her growing was currently along with the Mexico’s modernization and democratization. In the turbulent age, she had created a lot of marvelous works by a stroke of vitality. Nevertheless, the most significant feature of her works was a thorough combination of talent of arts and her vivid personal characteristics.
Frida’s life was full of frustrations. She suffered from polio at her six. Then, when she was 18, a trolley accident caused her sterility and disablement. Apart from physical sufferings, the complicated relationship between her and her husband, Diego Rivera (1886-1957) also became a topic of her paintings. The images of her paintings consisted of bleeding, crying, and injuring all over the body especially on her self-portraits, seemingly implied that she was seeking expiation, care, and treatment. The unique style of drawing made her becoming a very different artist among the art society in the 20th century.
There was only few data available from Frida herself. Thus, in order to have a full understanding about her artistic creation, it was necessary to study how she was educated and how her style was formed. Based on this prerequisite, this thesis would first focus at the fermenting of Frida’s creation style. Through exploring her life background and the influence of Indian culture, it would be known that how her art style was influenced by personality characteristics.
On the second part of this thesis, the researcher would expound the relationship between Frida’s art creation and life frustration. Through analyzing her paintings, the uniqueness of her creation, so called “autobiographic painting”, would be revealed. Such a unique feature had indicated that Frida’s creation reflected her whole life and cultural identification. The elements and symbolic meanings of pictures presented on her creations had sent impressive messages to audience. Moreover, her artistic characteristics associated with the contemporary art development had also made Frida being an important painter on the earth. Nevertheless, the thoughtfulness behind her creation was what we should indeed consider.
一、中文部分
(一)專書
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王秀雄,《美術心理學》,台北:北美館,1991。
王雅各主編,《性屬關係(上)》,台北:心理出版社,1999。
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呂清夫譯,嘉門安雄原著,《西洋美術史》,台北:大陸,1986。
李渝譯, JR. Alfred H. Barr原著,《現代畫是什麼? 》,台北:雄獅,1991。
李臺芳譯,Michell Cassou & Stewart Cubley原著,《靈彩之旅》,台北:遠流,2000。
吳宜穎等譯,Edward Lucie-Smith原著,《二十世紀偉大的藝術家》,台北:聯經,1999。
吳信鴻譯,Robert Layton原著,《藝術人類學》,台北:亞太,1997。
吳康、丁傳林、趙善華譯,C.G. Jung原著,《心理類型(上)》,台北:桂冠,1999。
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雨云譯,E. H. Gombrich原著,《藝術的故事》,台北:聯經,1998。
林明澤、羅秀芝譯,Caws, Kuenzli, Raaberg原著,《超現實主義與女人》,台北:遠流,1995。
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施叔青,《兩個芙烈達‧卡蘿》,台北:時報文化,2001。
高千惠,《百年世界美術圖象》,台北:藝術家,2000。
郭小平、翟燦譯,R. Arnheim原著,《藝術心理學新編》,台北:商務,1992。
唐小兵譯,Fredric Jameson原著,《後現代主義與文化理論》,台北:合志文化,1990。
孫旗譯,Herbert Read原著,《現代藝術哲學》,台北:東大,1989。
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張秀亞譯,E. Cassirer原著,《論藝術》,台北:大地,1983。
張恭啟、于嘉雲譯,R. Keesing原著,《文化人類學》,台北:巨流,2000。
張心龍,《百幅名畫的啟示》,台北:雄獅,2002。
陳英德、張彌彌合譯,J.L. Chalumeau原著,《西方當代藝術史批評》,台北:藝術家,2002。
陶東風等譯,Ellen Winner原著,《創造的世界─藝術心理學》,台北:田園城市文化,2000。
許邏灣譯,Shaun McNiff原著,《藝術治療》,北縣三重:新路,1999。
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黃秀慧譯,Malka Drugker原著,《女畫家卡蘿傳奇》,台北:方智,1998。
黃舒屏,《卡蘿( Frida Kahlo)》,台北:藝術家,2002。
黃麗絹譯,Robert Atkins原著,《藝術開講》,台北:藝術家,2000。
游琬娟譯,Susanne F. Fincher原著,《曼陀羅的創造天地─繪畫治療與自我探索》,台北:生命潛能,1998。
曾長生,《拉丁美洲現代藝術》,台北:藝術家,1997。
游恆山譯,P. G. Zimbardo原著,《心理學》,台北:五南,1989。
虞君質,《藝術概論》,台北:大中國,1992。
蔡佩君譯,Hayden Herrera原著,《揮灑烈愛》,台北:時報文化,2003。
蔣韜譯,Robert H. Hopcke原著,《導讀榮格》,台北:立緒,1997。
黎惟東譯,Carl G. Jung原著,《自我的探索》,台北:桂冠,1991。
劉文潭,《現代美學》,台北:台灣商務,1993。
劉文龍,《墨西哥:文化碰撞的悲喜劇》,台北:淑馨,1992。
劉昌元,《西方美學導論》,台北:聯經,1994。
劉思量,《藝術心理學─藝術與創造》,台北:藝術家,2002。
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龔卓軍譯,Carl G. Jung原著,《人及其象徵》,北縣新店:立緒文化,2002。
(二)期刊論文
王會儒,〈一個升沉中的國家﹝墨西哥﹞〉,《海軍學術月刊》30:10,1996.10,p.84-89。
李家沂譯,Jacques Lacan原著,〈精神分析經驗所揭示形塑「我」之功能的鏡像階段〉,《中外文學》27:2=314,1998.07,p.34-42。
李渝,〈從墨西哥到台灣─文化入侵弱勢風格的壓制與復興〉,《雄獅美術》244,1991.06,p.109-125。
呂素貞,〈在畫中讀生命─淺談藝術治療〉,《國家文化藝術基金會會訊》15,2000.01,p.8-9。
吳介禎,〈精神分析與超現實主義〉,《炎黃藝術》79,1996.07-08,p.64-65。
高千惠,〈形式與意義─蘇俄前衛藝術的淨化V.S.墨西哥壁畫運動的俗化〉,《雄獅美術》286,1994.12,p.78-84。
高千惠,〈沉吟五百年─當代拉丁美洲藝術魔幻成真〉,《雄獅美術》253,1992.03,p.73-83。
高千惠,〈孤獨的迷宮─拉丁美洲女性藝術家的鏡像〉,《雄獅美術》304,1996.06,p.38-45。
張小虹,〈自戀的慟─記墨西哥女畫家佛莉妲‧卡蘿(Frida Kahlo)〉,《聯合文學》10:7=115,1994.05,p.182-185。
陳才崑,〈瘋狂是創造的母胎?─幻覺經驗與藝術創作〉,《藝術貴族》46,1993.10,p.114-117。
陳玉珍,〈略論拉丁美洲的現代藝術〉,《國立歷史博物館學報》15,1999.12,p.109-120。
曾長生,〈拉丁美洲的魔幻繪畫〉,《現代美術》90,2000.07,p.39-44。
曾長生,〈母性、獸性、感性─探拉丁美洲女性藝術家代表人物〉,《國立國父紀念館館刊》11,2003.05,p.188-196。
曾長生,〈食人族宣言─探拉丁美洲的超現實〉,《藝術家》44:1=260,1997.01,p.390-399。
曾長生,〈壯烈的卡蘿(Frida Kahlo)─二十世紀最引人爭議的女畫家〉,《藝術家》43:2=255,1996.08,p.382-391。
曾長生〈自動書寫與精緻屍體─談超現實主義的基本策略〉,《典藏今藝術》97,2000.10,p.88-91。
曾肅良,〈現代藝術邁向新原始─試論文化人類學及精神分析學對西方現代藝術的影響〉,《藝術潮流》8,1995.01,p.119-123。
葉玉靜,〈繆斯‧謬思─超現實主義中不平等的雙向性〉,《雄獅美術》269,1993.07,p.28-33。
楊瑞彬,〈藝術創作的定位與特質〉,《現代美術》80,1998.10,p.71-78。
劉千美,〈論「藝術治療」的美學基礎〉,《哲學雜誌》23,1998.02,p.144-161。
劉其偉,〈藝術人類學影響及於現代藝術創作思維與表現模式〉,《藝術家》45:2=267,1997.08,p.156-159。
劉昌漢,〈墨西哥能,中國為什麼不能?〉,《藝術家》52:1=308,2001.01,
p.462-471。
潘秀紅譯,Alberto Saladino García原著,〈墨西哥的狂歡與死亡─從諾貝爾文學獎得主帕斯的思想觀談起〉,《當代》57,1991.01,p.118-123。
二、英文部分
(一)專書
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Herrera, Hayden, Frida Kahlo: The Paintings, New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., 1991.
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Herrera, Hayden, Frida Kahlo: Her Life, Her Art, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms, 1981.
Herrera, Hayden, Mexico Splendors of Thirty Centuries, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Boston: Bulfinch Press, 1990.
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(二)期刊論文
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