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研究生: 陳佳香
Chen, Chia-Hsiang
論文名稱: 自無形學院擴散網絡探討海洋漁業科學家合作行為之研究
A Study of Collaboration Behaviors among Fishery Scientists from Perspectives of Invisible College Diffusion Networks
指導教授: 柯皓仁
Ke, Hao-Ren
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 圖書資訊學研究所
Graduate Institute of Library and Information Studies
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 189
中文關鍵詞: 無形學院科學合作海洋漁業科學家
英文關鍵詞: Invisible colleges, Scientific collaboration, Taiwanese fishery scientists
DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202202208
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:173下載:0
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  • 本研究旨在自無形學院擴散網絡探討海洋漁業科學家合作行為之研究,分析的面向包含智識競爭、資訊使用環境、非正式學術傳播、社會關係以及合作管理等五個構面。
    本研究取徑於質性研究,訪談對象為服務於水產試驗所、中央研究院、國立海洋生物博物館、國立臺灣大學以及國立海洋大學的海洋漁業科學家,共計有27人,訪談時間自2016年1月至2017年4月,平均訪談時間是一個小時,採用質性研究分析軟體MAXQDA 12輔助分析訪談結果,據以提出五項結論:(一)智識遷徙、學術通勤、學術搜尋以及挑戰解決問題的特性,說明智識競爭是形塑海洋漁業科學家無形學院的專業實踐行為;(二)出版發表是學術資訊使用的主要目的,影響資訊使用環境的變動;(三)海洋漁業具備做中學的學科特性,偏好面對面討論解決問題,非正式傳播是科學進展的基礎;(四)師承關係是延續學術社交圈的重要角色,社會關係是支撐學術合作的核心脈絡;(五)以口頭承諾分配貢獻度,在無形學院的社交網絡裡,信任非正式的合作管理文化。
    基於研究結果,提出建議如下:(一)與辦國際研討會或邀請訪問學者以增進國際交流;(二)建構組織溝通網絡;(三)建立非正式學習環境促進社交網絡的擴散;(四)建置海洋漁業科學家專家知識庫。

    This study aims at exploring the collaboration behaviors among fishery scientists with perspectives of invisible college diffusion networks. This study adopts a qualitative approach to analyze multiple dimensions including intellectual competition, information use environment, informal communication, social relationship and collaboration governance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 fishery scientists at Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, Academia Sinica, National Taiwan University, National Taiwan Ocean University and National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium during 2016 and 2017. Each interview lasted for one hour on average. Qualitative data collected are analyzed with MAXQDA software.
    My research results are summarized in the following: 1) The essential components of intellectual competition include intellectual migration, scientific commuter, academic search and solutions for research problems. These components reveal that intellectual competition is shaping the invisible college and professional practice. 2) Fishery scientists increasingly publish scientific reports in digital database. In term of the information use environment, they shift from using printed reports to digital copies. 3) Informal communication is the basis of scientific progress. Fisheries scientists prefer face-to-face communication; learning-by-doing is their common and core characteristic. 4) Master/apprentice relationship plays an important role in enlarging academic circles, maintaining social relationships that support scientific collaboration. 5) Fishery scientists used verbal communication as a way to assign academic credits among themselves. Therefore, they need to build trust relationships based on informal collaborative governance in invisible college networks.
    I have four suggestions based on my research results. First, research institutions can host more international conferences or invite more visiting scholars to create research visibility. Second, fishery scientists can establish their own organizations or networks to facilitate mutual communication. Third, they can establish an informal learning environment to enhance the diffusion of such social networks. Fourth, research institutions can create a fishery expert knowledge database.

    目次 摘要 I Abstract II 目次 IV 表目次 VI 圖目次 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 5 第二節 研究目的與問題 8 第三節 研究的重要性 9 第四節 研究範圍與限制 10 第五節 名詞解釋 10 第二章 文獻探討 15 第一節 智識競爭 15 第二節 資訊使用環境 22 第三節 非正式傳播 24 第四節 社會關係 29 第五節 科學合作 36 第六節 小結 49 第三章 研究設計與實施 59 第一節 研究架構 59 第二節 研究場域與對象 60 第三節 研究方法與工具 64 第四節 研究實施 67 第四章 研究結果 81 第一節 科學家智識競爭的要素 81 第二節 資訊使用環境 103 第三節 非正式學術傳播 115 第四節 社會關係 129 第五節 合作管理 135 第六節 綜合討論 142 第五章 結論與建議 149 第一節 結論 149 第二節 建議 155 第三節 未來研究方向 156 參考文獻 158 附錄一 專家效度邀請函 177 附錄二 專家效度名單 178 附錄三 專家效度審閱意見整理 179 附錄四 正式訪談大綱 184 附錄五 訪談同意書 187 附錄六 訪談內容分類編碼表 188 表目次 表 2-1科學傳播的四個研究主題 28 表 2-2合作網絡形成之過程 32 表 2-3研發機構研究人員資源交換的主要特徵 34 表 2-4科學合作的目的 39 表 2-5不同階段之科學合作內涵 41 表 2-6影響學門間合作進行之因素 43 表 2-7本研究歸納之構面摘記 49 表 3-1研究對象招募來源列表 64 表 3-2訪談分析範例 72 表 3-3訪談分析範例 74 表 4-1研究對象之基本資料分析表 82 表 4-2科學家研究主題擴展的因素 85 表 4-3受訪者研究主題變動歷程 88 表 4-4參與學術活動的類型 91 表 4-5加入的國內外學會組織說明 92 表 4-6沒有加入學會組織的原因 97 表 4-7科學家智識行為分析結果 100 表 4-8資訊使用環境分析結果 110 表 4-9專業關係建立方式 117 表 4-10非正式學術傳播活動分析結果 127 表 4-11社會關係分析結果 133 表 4-12合作管理分析結果 140 圖目次 圖 2-1實驗室生活的建構過程 19 圖 2-2 Zuccala(2006)建構無形學院研究模式 24 圖 2-3 218位睡眠領域科學家的聯繫情形 25 圖 2-4有目的資訊搜尋學習動態模式 27 圖 2-5實驗室進行的非正式傳播框架 29 圖 2-6歸納科學合作過程之框架 40 圖 2-7 Ansell & Gash合作治理之模式 47 圖 2-8無形學院與科學合作之研究框架 58 圖 3-1觀念性研究架構 60 圖 3-2水產試驗所研究人員之發表分析圖 65 圖 3-3水產試驗所歷年發表SCI文章數量 66 圖 3-4研究實施流程圖 68 圖 3-5訪談逐字稿逐一編入行號範例 70 圖 3-6 MAXQDA 編碼畫面 71 圖 3-7 MAXQDA系統矩陣分析功能 71 圖 4-1綜合分析說明 148 圖 5-1智識競爭形塑無形學院的交流歷程 150 圖 5-2資訊使用環境匯聚為出版的歷程 151 圖 5-3以信任為核心的社會關係支撐學術合作的延伸實踐 153 圖 5-4無形學院擴散網絡的合作行為之理論性框架 155

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