本文以孟德爾頌第三號交響曲《蘇格蘭》為研究對象，為使研究的面能更深、更廣，首先就孟德爾頌的時代背景開始探討。探討的範圍包括當代思潮對於孟德爾頌在音樂上的影響、黑格爾的音樂美學給予孟德爾頌創作概念上的啟發、歌德的文學作品在孟德爾頌的音樂及文學素養上的影響、及孟德爾在這些影響下所形成的音樂特質。再者，探討的對象為第三號交響曲的創作背景、文學與歷史特質及音樂特質，接著對第三號交響曲的曲式結構、配器法進行分析，以期能了解樂曲的結構大綱，有助於指揮思考上的分析、設計。最後，探討第三號交響曲的速度處理問題、樂團練習時可能會犯的錯誤、以及指揮技巧，並將各點歸納成結論。

In this thesis we focused our attention on Mendelssohn Symphony No.3-Schottische.We surveyed the factors effecting Mendelssohn's characteristics of music, the factors were the aesthetics of Hegel, the writings of Goethe, and the Romanticism of theose days. Analyzing the structure, orchestration of Symphony No.3 and investigating the literary, historical, and musical elements inside the symphony were performed. We also discussed the tempo differences between the original score and various famous conductors' interpretation, and the skills of conducing to perform this symphony.