簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 吳建林
Wu, Chien-Lin
論文名稱: 「修辭翻譯」:艾儒略《聖夢歌》研究
“Rhetorical Translation”: Giulio Aleni’s Shengmeng ge
指導教授: 李奭學
Li, Sher-Shiueh
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 翻譯研究所
Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 170
中文關鍵詞: 《冬夜寂靜時》修辭翻譯屬靈翻譯神聖翻譯信望愛
英文關鍵詞: Noctis sub silentio tempore brumali, rhetorical translation, spiritual translation, sacred translation, faith, hope, love
DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202204598
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:171下載:39
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本論文探討晚明義大利籍耶穌會士艾儒略(Giulio Aleni)一六三七年所譯《聖夢歌》。《聖夢歌》為辯論詩,所據文本為西方中世紀歐洲廣為流傳之拉丁語靈肉辯論詩《冬夜寂靜時》(Noctis sub silentio tempore brumali)。本論文按屬字、屬靈二層面比較中、拉文本,其中所謂屬「字」意義,就其字義而言,亦包括本義與轉義。在屬字層面上,乃借用雅各布森(Roman Jakobson)所言隱喻(metaphoric)、借代(metonymic)兩軸為分析工具,藉以說明中文敘事者如何透過相似性(similarity)與鄰近性(contiguity)之操作,翻譯、改述並重塑拉丁文本。在屬靈層面上,則「挪用」卡西安(John Cassian)四義解經法(fourfold exegesis),以之為分析模型,藉以顯示中文敘事者無論有意或無意,明知或不知,其翻譯乃啟示《冬夜寂靜時》隱藏之託喻、上升、倫理意涵。此三層屬靈意義之翻譯,將讀者重新導向信、望、愛三德,其翻譯行為本身亦為此三德之具體行動。信、望二德關乎天主與天堂不可見之事,愛之對象則為天主與人。天主愛人,人以愛還愛,因愛主而愛人,行之於善工。因此,愛乃不可見信、望二德之徵驗。神聖翻譯為愛之言語行動,述行並象徵基督宗教屬靈生活與愛之倫理。

    This dissertation discusses the Shengmeng ge 聖夢歌 (Cantica sanctorum somniorum), a debate poem translated into Chinese by the late-Ming Italian Jesuit Giulio Aleni 艾儒略 in 1637 based on the Latin body and soul debate Noctis sub silentio tempore brumali widely circulated in Medieval Europe. The Chinese and the Latin texts are compared at two levels, one literal and one spiritual. The “literal” sense, in its literality that denotes both the proper and the figurative, is discussed along the metaphoric and metonymic poles of Roman Jakobson to show how the Chinese narrator translates, re-narrates, and re-figures the Latin text through the operations of similarity and contiguity. At the spiritual level, I “appropriate” John Cassian’s fourfold exegesis as a model to demonstrate how the Chinese narrator, consciously or unconsciously, knowingly or unknowingly, reveals the allegorical, anagogical, and tropological senses hidden in the Noctis. The translation of these spiritual senses re-directs the reader towards the theological virtues of faith, hope, and love and is itself an acting-out of these virtues. Just as love, effected and evidenced by one’s good works for God and for the neighbor in response to God’s love for him or her, is an outward sign of invisible faith and hope that are based on the invisible things of God and heaven, so too is sacred translation a loving speech act performing and symbolizing Christian spirituality and ethics of love.

    第一章 緒言 1 第二章 夢中聽辯:修辭翻譯與信仰喻說 16   第一節 夢境.靈肉.託喻 17   第二節 修辭翻譯分析 23   第三節 字義.託喻義.「信」譯 49 第三章 魔見:修辭翻譯與超升 62   第一節 魔鬼話語政治 63   第二節 魔鬼形象之譬喻與託喻 72   第三節 魔鬼倒反與望德之譯 85 第四章 夢醒:人世雙重翻譯脈絡 99   第一節 人世.託喻.文本 100   第二節 翻譯聖範 111   第三節 愛.倫理.翻譯 123 第五章 結語:修辭翻譯行動──痛悔與神慰 131 參考文獻 137 附錄一 《聖夢歌》 149 附錄二 《冬夜寂靜時》 155

    常用書目代稱
    《三編》 吳相湘編:《天主教東傳文獻三編》,6冊,臺北:臺灣學生書局,1972年。
    吳編 吳相湘編:《天主教東傳文獻》,臺北:臺灣學生書局,1965年。
    李輯 〔明〕李之藻輯:《天學初函》,6冊,臺北:臺灣學生書局,1965年。
    《法國圖》 鐘鳴旦、杜鼎克、蒙曦編:《法國國家圖書館明清天主教文獻》,26冊,臺北:臺北利氏學社,2009年。
    《耶檔館》 鐘鳴旦、杜鼎克編:《耶穌會羅馬檔案館明清天主教文獻》,12冊,臺北:臺北利氏學社,2002年。
    葉編 艾儒略著,葉農整理:《艾儒略漢文著述全集》,2冊,桂林:廣西師範大學出版社,2011年。
    《續編》 吳相湘編:《天主教東傳文獻續編》,3冊,臺北:臺灣學生書局,1966年。

    中文書目
    《天主教要》:收入《耶檔館》,1: 307-374。
    《天主聖教聖蹟略》,收入《法國圖》,15: 1-121。
    方豪:《中國天主教史人物傳》,北京:宗教文化出版社,2007年。
    王宜瑗:〈六朝文人挽歌詩的演變和定型〉,《文學遺產》2000年第5期,頁22-32、142。
    〔唐〕王勃:〈滕王閣詩〉,收入長澤規矩也編:《和刻本漢詩集成──唐詩》第1輯,東京:古典研究會,昭和五十年(1975),頁17-18。
    〔明〕王徵:《畏天愛人極論》,收入林樂昌編校:《王徵全集》,西安:三秦出版社,2011年,頁117-138。
    王豐肅:《教要解略》,收入《耶檔館》,1: 117-306。
    〔明/清〕朱宗元:《拯世略說》,現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:7139。
    〔宋〕朱熹集注,林松、劉俊田、禹克坤譯注:《四書》,臺北:臺灣古籍,1996年。
    朱燕:《試論《聖夢歌》在中國的接受困境》,上海:上海師範大學比較文學與世界文學碩士論文,2008年。
    艾儒略:《三山論學紀》,收入《續編》,1: 419-493。
    ───、盧安德等口鐸,李九標筆記:《口鐸日抄》,收入《耶檔館》,7: 1-574。
    ───:《天主降生引義》,收入葉編1: 455-481。
    ───:《天主降生言行紀略》,收入葉編,2: 1-89。
    ───:《性學觕述》,收入《耶檔館》,6: 45-378。
    ───:《悔罪要指》,收入葉編,1: 317-324。
    ───:《聖夢歌》,明崇禎十年(1637)晉江景教堂梓本(抄本),現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:6884。
    ───:《聖夢歌》,明崇禎十二年(1639)絳州景教堂梓本,現藏梵蒂岡圖書館,編號:Borg Cin 3364。
    ───:《聖夢歌》,清康熙甲子年(1684)孟春三山欽一堂重梓本,收入《耶檔館》,6: 435-464。
    ───:《滌罪正規》(附《滌罪正規略》),收入葉編,1: 233-315。
    ───:《彌撒祭義》(附《彌撒祭義略》),收入葉編,1: 367-397。
    利瑪竇:《二十五言》,收入李輯,1: 321-350。
    ───:《天主實義》,收入李輯,1: 351-636。
    ───:《畸人十篇》,收入李輯,1: 93-282。
    吳承學:〈漢魏六朝挽歌考論〉,《文學評論》2002年第3期,頁59-68。
    吳昶興:〈明末福建宣教的開山鼻祖──艾儒略(Giulio Aleni, 1582-1649)及其傳教策略之研究〉,《台灣浸信會神學院學術年刊》,2005年9月,頁41-58。
    李奭學:〈中西合璧的小說新體──清初耶穌會士馬若瑟著〈夢美土記〉初探〉,《漢學研究》第29卷第2期,2011年6月,頁81-116。
    ───:《中外文學關係論稿》,臺北:聯經,2015年。
    ───:《中國晚明與歐洲文學:明末耶穌會古典型證道故事考詮》,臺北:中央研究院、聯經,2005年。
    ───:《譯述:明末耶穌會翻譯文學論》,香港:香港中文大學,2012年。
    〔唐〕杜甫:〈閣夜〉,收入張淑瓊主編:《唐詩新賞7──杜甫》,臺北:地球出版社,1992年,頁397-399。
    依納爵(Ignatius Loyola)著,侯景文譯:《神操》通俗譯本,臺北:光啟文化,2003年。
    周萍萍:《十七、十八世紀天主教在江南的傳播》,北京:社會科學文獻出版社,2007年。
    孟儒望:《天學略義》,收入《續編》,2: 839-904。
    易永姣:〈論古代文學作品中骷髏意象之嬗變〉,《湖南大學學報》(社會科學版)第27卷第3期,2013年5月,頁92-96。
    林光明編著:《梵藏心經自學》修訂一版,臺北:嘉豐出版社,2008年。
    〔宋〕林希逸著,周啟成校注:《莊子鬳齋口義校注》,北京:中華書局,1997年。
    〔宋〕法雲:〈翻譯名義集自序〉,收入羅新璋編:《翻譯論集》,北京:商務印書館,1984年,頁51。
    波拿文土拉(St. Bonaventure)著,魏黃艾玲譯:《心靈進入上帝之路程》,收入謝扶雅編:《中世紀基督教思想家文選》3版,香港:基督教文藝出版社,1997年,頁389-428。
    思高聖經學會編著:《聖經辭典》4版,香港:思高聖經學會,1999年。
    柏拉圖(Plato)著,張竹明譯:《理想國》,南京:譯林出版社,2009年。
    約翰.德萊頓(John Dryden)著,張宜鈞譯:〈論翻譯〉,收入陳德鴻、張南峰編:《西方翻譯理論精選》,香港︰香港城市大學出版社,2006年。
    夏伯嘉:〈宗教信仰與夢文化:明清之際天主教與佛教的比較探索〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》第76本第2分,2005年6月,頁209-248。
    祝平一:〈身體、靈魂與天主:明末清初西學中的人體生理知識〉,《新史學》第7卷第2期,1996年6月,頁47-98。
    高一志:《天主聖教四末論》,現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:6857。
    ───:《天主聖教聖人行實》,武林︰天主超性堂,1629 年。
    崔志偉:〈中古挽歌詩的起源及形態簡論〉,《太原師範學院學報》(社會科學版)第6卷第3期,2007年5月,頁83-85。
    張純一:《墨子集解》,臺北:文史哲出版社,1971年。
    畢方濟口授,〔明〕徐光啟筆錄:《靈言蠡勺》,收入李輯,2: 1127-1268。
    郭居靜等訂:《袖珍日課》,現藏法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:7372。
    〔晉〕郭象註:《莊子》,臺北:藝文印書館,1959年。
    陳奇猷校注:《韓非子集釋》,臺北:華正書局,1982年。
    〔明〕陳薰:《開天寶鑰》,現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:7043。
    〔晉〕陶潛:〈挽歌詩〉,收入方祖燊:《陶潛詩箋註校證論評》,臺北:蘭臺書局,1971年,頁43-44。
    〔晉〕陸機:〈挽歌〉,收入劉運好校注整理:《陸士衡文集校注》上冊第7卷,南京:鳳凰出版社,2007年,頁667。
    湯若望譯述,〔明〕王徵筆記:《崇一堂日記隨筆》,收入《三編》,2: 755-837。
    〔宋〕程顥、程頤撰,〔宋〕朱熹編:《和刻本漢籍二程全書》,京都:中文出版社,昭和54年(1979)。
    費賴之著,馮承鈞譯:《入華耶穌會士列傳》,臺北:商務印書館,1960年。
    陽瑪諾:《聖經直解》,收入《三編》,4: 1553-6: 2961。
    黃一農:《兩頭蛇:明末清初的第一代天主教徒》,上海:上海古籍出版社,2006年。
    奧古斯丁(St. Augustine)著,周偉馳譯:《論三位一體》,上海:上海人民出版社,2005年。
    〔明〕楊廷筠:《天釋明辨》,收入《續編》,1: 229-417。
    ───:《代疑篇》,收入吳編,2: 471-631。
    楊家駱編:《古詩集釋等四種》,臺北:世界書局,1969年。
    〔明〕楊慎:〈西江月〉,《歷代史略詞話》上卷,收入王文才、萬光治等編注:《楊升庵叢書》(四),成都:天地出版社,2002年,頁575-580。
    楊慧玲:《19世紀漢英詞典傳統:馬禮遜、衛三畏、翟理斯漢英詞典的譜系研究》,北京:商務印書館,2012年。
    《聖教要緊的道禮》,現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:7046。
    〔姚秦〕鳩摩羅什譯:《金剛般若波羅蜜經》,收入大藏經刊行會編:《大正新修大藏經》修訂本一版第8冊,臺北:新文豐出版公司影印,1983年,頁748-752。
    賓惠廉(William Chalmers Burns)譯:《天路歷程官話》,京都〔北京〕:福音堂,同治四年(1865)。
    〔漢〕劉向:《說苑》,收入鄭奠、譚全基編:《古漢語修辭學資料彙編》,臺北:明文書局,1984年。
    ───撰,趙善詒疏證:《說苑疏證》,臺北:文史哲出版社,1986年。
    〔唐〕劉希夷:〈蜀城懷古〉,收入清聖祖彙編:《全唐詩》第2函第3冊,臺北:復興書局,1961年,頁502。
    潘鳳娟:《西來孔子艾儒略──更新變化的宗教會遇:本地化?文化交流?宗教對話?》,臺北:基督教橄欖文化事業基金會,2002年。
    墾匹斯(Thomas à Kempis)著,章文新譯:《遵主聖範》,收入謝扶雅編:《中世紀靈修文學選集》,香港:基督教文藝出版社,1999年。
    《醒迷篇》,收入《耶檔館》,9: 239-388。
    〔劉宋〕鮑照:〈代挽歌〉,收入王雲五主編:《四部叢刊初編.集部》第34冊,臺北:臺灣商務印書館,1965年,頁29。
    龍華民:《聖若撒法始末》,1602年;南明隆武元年(1645)閩中天主教堂梓,現藏巴黎法國國家圖書館,古朗氏編號:6758。
    〔明〕韓霖、張賡:《聖教信證》,收入《法國圖》,4: 503-601。
    龐迪我:《七克》,收入李輯,2: 689-1126。
    ───:《天主實義續篇》,收入《續編》,1: 93-228。
    ───:《龐子遺詮》:收入《耶檔館》,2: 1-252。
    〔宋〕蘇軾:〈赤壁賦〉,收入蘇洵、蘇軾、蘇徹著:《三蘇全集》上冊,京都:中文出版社,1986年,頁235-236。
    ───:〈濠州七絕:逍遙臺〉,收入長澤規矩也編:《和刻本漢詩集成──宋詩》第11輯,東京:古典研究會,昭和五十年(1975),頁167。
    顧衛民:《中國天主教編年史》,上海:上海書店出版社,2003年。

    西文書目
    Ackerman, Robert W. “The Debate of the Body and the Soul and Parochial Christianity.” Speculum 37.4 (Oct. 1962): 541-565.
    Allison, Tempe E. “On the Body and Soul Legend.” Modern Language Notes 42.2 (Feb. 1927): 102-106.
    Appiah, Kwame Anthony. “Thick Translation.” In Lawrence Venuti, ed., The Translation Studies Reader. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2004, pp. 389-401.
    Aristotle, The “Art” of Rhetoric. Trans. John Henry Freese. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994.
    _______. Metaphysics. Trans. Hugh Tredennick. 2 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1933-1996.
    _______. The Nicomachean Ethics. Trans. H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.
    Augustine, St. De civitate Dei libri XXII. Lipsiae: sumtibus et typis Caroli Tauchnitii, 1825.
    _______. S. Aurelii Augustini De doctrina christiana libri quatuor et Enchiridion ad Laurentium. Ed. Car. Herm. Bruder. Lipsiae: sumtibus et typis Caroli Tauchnitii, 1838.
    _______. St. Augustine’s Confessions. Trans. William Watts, 1631. Ed. T. E. Page and W. H. D. Rouse. 2 vols. Loeb Classical Library. London: William Heinemann, 1912.
    Austin, John L. How to Do Things with Words. Ed. J. O. Urmson and Marina Sbisà. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975.
    Batiouchkof, Th. “Le débat de l’âme et du corps.” Romania 20 (1891): 1-55, 513-578.
    Benjamin, Walter. “On Language as Such and on the Language of Man.” Trans. Edmund Jephcott. In Marcus Bullock and Michael W. Jennings, eds., Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, vol. I: 1913-1926. Cambridge: Harvard University Press,1997.
    _______. “The Task of the Translator.” Trans. Harry Zohn. In Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet, eds., Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 71-82.
    Bloom, Harold. The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
    Bloomfield, Morton W. The Seven Deadly Sins: An Introduction to the History of a Religious Concept, with Special Reference to Medieval English Literature. East Lansing: Michigan State College Press, 1952.
    Bossy, Michel-André. “Medieval Debates of Body and Soul.” Comparative Literature 28.2 (Spring 1976): 144-163.
    Brandeis, Arthur, ed. Jacob’s Well: An Englisht Treatise on the Cleansing of Man’s Conscience; Edited from the Unique Ms. about 1440 A.D. in Salisbury Cathedral. London: Published for the Early English Text Society by Kegan Paul, Trench Trübner, 1900.
    Brent, J. Justin. “From Address to Debate: Generic Considerations in the Debate Between Soul and Body.” Comitatus: A Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 32.1 (2001): 1-18.
    Brockey, Liam Matthew. Journey to the East: The Jesuit Mission to China, 1579-1724. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2007.
    Bunyan, John. The Pilgrim’s Progress. Ed. Roger Sharrock. Harmondsworth, Eng.: Penguin Books, 1987.
    Canuteson, John Allen. “The Conflict between the Body and the Soul as a Metaphor of the Moral Struggle in the Middle Ages, with Special Reference to Middle English Literature.” Ph.D. diss., University of Florida, 1975.
    Cartlidge, Neil. “In the Silence of a Midwinter Night: A Re-evaluation of the Visio Philiberti.” Medium Aevum 75 (Mar. 2006): 24-45.
    Cassian, John. The Conferences. Trans. and annot. Boniface Ramsey. New York: Newman Press, 1997.
    Cicero. Brutus, Orator. Trans. G. L. Hendrickson and H. M. Hubbell. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
    _______. De finibus bonorum et malorum. Trans. H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library. London:William Heinemann, 1914.
    _______. De inventione, De optimo genere oratorum, Topica. Trans. H. M. Hubbell. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006.
    _______. De oratore. Trans. E. W. Sutton and H. Rackham. 2 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996-1997.
    Conlee, John W., ed. Middle English Debate Poetry: A Critical Anthology. East Lansing: Colleagues Press, 1991.
    Copeland, Rita. Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, and Translation in the Middle Ages: Academic Traditions and Vernacular Texts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
    _______, and Peter T. Struck. “Introduction.” In their eds., The Cambridge Companion to Allegory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 1-11.
    Cross, J. E. “‘The Dry Bones Speak’: A Theme in Some Old English Homilies.” Journal of English and Germanic Philology 56.3 (Jul. 1957): 434-439.
    Curtius, Ernst Robert. European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages. Trans. Willard R. Trask. New York: Pantheon Books, 1953.
    Dante Alighieri. The Divine Comedy: Inferno. Ed. and trans. Charles S. Singleton. Vol. 1. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1970.
    De Bartholomaeis, Vincenzo. “Due testi latini e una versione ritmica italiana della ‘Visio Philberti.’” Studi medievali nouva serie 1 (1928): 288-309.
    Derrida, Jacques. “Des Tours de Babel.” Trans. Joseph F. Graham. In Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet, eds., Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 218-227.
    _______. Margins of Philosophy. Trans. Alan Bass. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
    _______. Of Grammatology. Trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.
    Dryden, John. “On Translation.” In Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet, eds., Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 17-31.
    Du Méril, M. Edélestand, ed. Poésies populaires latines antérieures au douzième siècle. Paris: Brockhaus et Avenarius, 1843.
    Dudley, Louise. “The Grave,” Modern Philology 11.3 (Jan. 1914): 429-442.
    _______. The Egyptian Elements in the Legend of the Body and Soul. Baltimore: J. H. Furst Company, 1911.
    Emerson, Oliver Farrar, ed., with grammatical introduction, notes, and glossary. A Middle English Reader. New and rev. ed. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1915.
    Farrell, Allan P., trans. The Jesuit Ratio studiorum of 1599. Washington, D.C.: Conference of Major Superiors of Jesuits, 1970.
    Fischer, Nancy. “Handlist of Animal References in Middle English Religious Prose.” Leeds Studies in English n.s. 4 (1970): 49-110.
    Foucault, Michel. “The Order of Discourse.” Trans. Ian McLeod. In Robert Young, ed., Untying the Text: A Post-Structuralist Reader. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981, pp. 48-78.
    García, Elena González-Blanco. “La disputa del alma y el cuerpo: Múltiples versiones de un tema panrománico y unidad cultural en el Medioevo.” In Francisco Bautista Pérez and Jimena Gamba Corradine, eds., Estudios sobre la Edad Media, el Renacimiento y la temprana modernidad. San Millán de la Cogolla: Instituto Biblioteca Hispánica del CiLengua, 2010.
    Geoffrey of Vinsauf. The New Poetics. Trans. Jane Baltzell Kopp. In James J. Murphy, ed., Three Medieval Rhetorical Arts. Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2001, pp. 27-108.
    Hanford, James Holly. “The Debate of Heart and Eye." Modern Language Notes 26.6 (Jun. 1911): 161-165.
    _______. “The Medieval Debate between Wine and Water.” Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 28 (1913): 315-367.
    Heningham, Eleanor Kellogg. “An Early Latin Debate of the Body and Soul Preserved in MS Royal 7 A III in the British Museum.” Ph.D. diss., New York University, 1937.
    Horace. Satires, Epistles and Ars poetica. Trans. H. Rushton Fairclough. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1978.
    Houwen, Luuk A. J. R. “Animal Parallelism in Medieval Literature and the Bestiaries: A Preliminary Investigation.” Neophilologus 78.3 (Jul. 1994): 483-496.
    Howard, Donald R. The Three Temptations: Medieval Man in Search of the World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1966.
    Jackson, W. T. H. Medieval Literature: A History and a Guide. New York: Collier Books, 1966.
    _______. The Literature of the Middle Ages. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.
    Jakobson, Roman. “Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances.” In Krystyna Pomorska and Stephen Rudy, eds., Roman Jakobson, Language in Literature. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987.
    Jannet, Pierre, éd. Oeuvres complètes de François Villon, suivies d’un choix des poésies de ses disciples, édition préparée par La Monnoye, mise au jour, avec notes et glossaire. 3e éd. Paris : Chez Alphonse Lemerre, 1873.
    Kruger, Steven F. Dreaming in the Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
    Lanham, Richard A. A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1991.
    Lefevere, André, ed. Translation/History/Culture: A Sourcebook. 1992. Rpt. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
    _______. Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. 1992. Rpt, Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2004.
    Liu, Lydia H. Translingual Practice: Literature, National Culture, and Translated Modernity—China, 1900-1937. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
    Longinus. On the Sublime. In W. Hamilton Fyfe and W. Rhys Roberts, trans., Aristotle, The Poetics, Longinus, On the Sublime, Demetrius, On Style. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1965.
    Macrobius. Commentary on the Dream of Scipio. Trans. William Harris Stahl. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.
    Martinez, Ronald L. “Allegory.” In Richard Lansing, ed., The Dante Encyclopedia. London: Routledge, 2000, pp. 24-34.
    Menegon, Eugenio. “A Different Country, the Same Heaven: A Preliminary Biography of Giulio Alenis, S.J. (1582-1649).” Sino-Western Cultural Relations Journal 15 (1993): 27-51.
    Northup, Clark Sutherland. “Dialogus Inter Corpus et Animam: A Fragment and a Translation.” PMLA 16.4 (1901): 503-525.
    Oldridge, Darren. The Devil: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.
    Origen. On First Principles. Trans. G. W. Butterworth. New York: Harper & Row, 1966.
    Pachtler, G. M., ed. Ratio studiorum et Institutiones scholasticae Societatis Jesu. Tomus 2. Ratio studiorum ann. 1586, 1599, 1832. In Karl Kehrbach, ed., Monumenta Germaniae paedagogica. Band 5. Berlin: A. Hofmann & Comp., 1887.
    Pelikan, Jaroslav. The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine. 5 vols. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971-1989.
    Pfister, Louis. Notices biographiques et bibliographiques sur les Jésuites de l’ancienne mission de Chine, 1552-1773. 2 vols. Rpt. Michigan: University Microfilms International, 1985.
    Phillips, Helen. “Dream Poems.” In Peter Brown, ed., A Companion to Medieval English Literature and Culture, c.1350-c.1500. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.
    Querela, sive, Dialogus Animae et Corporis Damnati, quem aiunt S. Bernardum composuisse. Ex vetusto Codice descripta. Londini: Eх officina N. O. sumptibus Leonardi, 1613.
    Quintilian. Institutio oratoria. Trans. H. E. Butler. 4 vols. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996, 1995, 1996, 1993.
    Randolph, Charles B. “Three Latin Students’ Songs.” The Classical Journal 7.7 (Apr. 1912): 303-305.
    Raskolnikov, Masha. Body Against Soul: Gender and Sowlehele in Middle English Allegory. Columbus: The Ohio State University Press, 2009.
    Reed, Jr., Thomas L. Middle English Debate Poetry and the Aesthetics of Irresolution. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1990.
    Rendich, Franco. Comparative Etymological Dictionary of Classical Indo-European Languages: Indo-European - Sanskrit - Greek - Latin. 2nd revised and expanded edition [Kindle Edition], 2013.
    Ricoeur, Paul. Sur la traduction. Paris: Bayard, 2004.
    Robert of Basevorn. The Form of Preaching. Trans. Leopold Krul. In James J. Murphy, ed., Three Medieval Rhetorical Arts. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2001, pp. 109-215.
    Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Lucifer: The Devil in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1984.
    Schleiermacher, Friedrich. “On the Different Methods of Translating.” Trans. Waltraud Bartscht. In Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet, eds., Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 36-54.
    Shuger, Debora K. Sacred Rhetoric: The Christian Grand Style in the English Renaissance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.
    Solopova, Elizabeth, and Stuart D. Lee. Key Concepts in Medieval Literature. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
    Spearing, A. C. Medieval Dream-Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
    Struck, Peter T. “Allegory and Ascent in Neoplatonism.” In Rita Copeland and Peter T. Struck, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Allegory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
    Tambling, Jeremy. Allegory. London: Routledge, 2010.
    The Debate of the Body and the Soul. Modernized by F. J. Child. Cambridge: John Wilson and Son, University Press, 1888.
    Thiébaux, Marcelle. “The Mouth of the Boar as a Symbol in Medieval Literature.” Romance Philology 22 (1969): 281-299.
    Thomas à Kempis. Thomæ a Kempis canonici regularis ord. S. Augustini de imitatione Christi libri quatuor; nunc postremò ad autographorum fidem recensiti; cum vindiciis Kempensibus Heriberti Rosvveydi Soc. Iesu, aduersus C. Caietanum Abbatem S. Baronti ; ad S. D. N. Paulum V. Antverpiæ: ex officina Plantiniana, apud Balthasarem & Ioannem Moretos, 1617.
    Turner, Denys. “Allegory in Christian Late Antiquity.” In Rita Copeland and Peter T. Struck, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Allegory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 71-82.
    Utley, Francis Lee. “Dialogues, Debates, and Catechisms.” In Albert E. Hartung, ed., A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, 1050-1500. Vol. 3. New Haven: The Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1972.
    Walther, Hans. Das Streitgedicht in der lateinischen Literatur des Mittelalters. München: C. H. Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Oskar Beck, 1920.
    Wenzel, Siegfried. “The Three Enemies of Man.” Medieval Studies 29 (1967): 47-66.
    Wood, A. Skevington. “Nicolas of Lyra.” The Evangelical Quarterly 33.4 (1961): 196-206.
    Wright, Thomas, ed. The Latin Poems Commonly Attributed to Walter Mapes. London: Printed for the Camden Society, by John Bowyer Nichols and Son, 1841.
    Zürcher, Erik. “The Jesuit Mission in Fujian in Late Ming Times: Levels of Response.” In Eduard B. Vermeer, ed., Development and Decline of Fukien Province in the 17th and 18th Centuries. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1990, pp. 417-457.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE