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研究生： 陳禹達
Chen, Yu-Da
論文名稱： 台灣中堅企業策略之研究
An Empirical Study of the Strategy of Mittelstand in Taiwan
指導教授： 康敏平
Kang, Min-Ping
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 全球經營與策略研究所
Graduate Institute of Global Business and Strategy
論文出版年： 2014
畢業學年度： 102
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 89
中文關鍵詞： 中堅企業 、隱形冠軍 、組織生態 、利基 、聚焦 、資源基礎 、資源依賴 、國際化
英文關鍵詞： mittelstand, hidden champions, organizational ecology, niche, focus strategy, resource-based theory, resource dependence theory, internationalization
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：226  下載：25 
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    • 中堅企業(mittlestand)來自Simon於「Lessons from Germany's Midsize Giants」提出的概念。研究發現中堅企業是德國出口表現優異的最大功臣，引發後續學者相關研究。各國學者歸納出中堅企業的關鍵成功因素有：國際化、技術與聚焦。另外，這群企業因為在市場上具有主導地位，但卻鮮為人知，如此矛盾的特質，又被稱為「隱形冠軍」(Hidden Champions)。

    本研究以台灣上市上櫃中堅企業為研究對象，透過組織生態、資源依賴、資源基礎三大理論，以系統觀點驗證中堅企業在「利基」、「聚焦」、「創新」、「供應商與顧客依賴關係管理」以及「國際化」的各項策略活動以及策略活動之間的交互作用對企業績效的影響。資料分析使用階層多元回歸驗證模型效果。最後，提出「T型策略」描繪中堅企業的成功因素並給予建議。

    “Mittelstand” is the success of the strategy model that originated with Hermann Simon who mentioned it in his study on “Lessons from Germany's Midsize Giants.” The research found that the outstanding performance of Germany’s international trade owes much to its medium-sized enterprises. Further, some scholars extended this argument and discovered these companies have key business strategies, including core technologies, customer relationships, combining a narrow market focus with a global orientation. Besides, Mittelstand companies provide irreplaceable products to the global market and dominate their niches, but tend to not be particularly well known and shy away from publicity. Thus, Simon coined the term “hidden champions” to describe them.

    In this study, we conducted empirical examination based on selected Mittelstand companies listed from the program of Taiwan Mittelstand Award and used a hierarchical regression to test our hypotheses. We took “niche”, “focus”, “innovation”, ” vertical relationships with the supply chain” and “internationalization” to evaluate their impacts on performance by incorporating the two-way and three-way moderating effects through organizational ecology, resource-based theory, resource dependency theory perspective. Finally, we conclude with a theory of “T-shape strategy” to provide suggestions for Taiwanese’s small and medium-sized enterprises.

    謝誌 I 摘要 III Abstract IV 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究問題 8 第三節 研究流程 10 第二章 文獻探討與假說推導 11 第一節 中堅企業 11 第二節 組織生態理論 20 第三節 聚焦策略 23 第四節 資源基礎理論 25 第五節 資源依賴理論 30 第六節 國際化策略 40 第七節 小結：中堅企業的策略與紅皇后效應的啟示 44 第三章 研究方法 48 第一節 研究架構 48 第二節 研究對象 49 第三節 變數衡量 51 第四節 分析單位 58 第五節 分析方法 58 第四章 資料分析 59 第一節 敘述統計分析 59 第二節 多元迴歸分析 61 第五章 結論 63 第一節 研究結果 63 第二節 研究發現 65 第三節 管理意涵 68 第四節 研究限制與後續建議 76 第五節 總結：T型策略 77 參考文獻 79 表 表1-1 世界產業群聚發展評比 2 表1-2 亞洲中小企業的效率評比 2 表2-1 中小企業與中堅企業的質性定義 13 表2-2 中小企業與中堅企業的量性定義 14 表2-3 德國隱形冠軍素描 15 表2-4 Simon 的隱形冠軍成功模式 16 表2-5 自製、外包與聯盟的特性比較 35 表2-6 自製、外包與聯盟的最適治理模式比較 36 表3-1 樣本與產業別比例 50 表3-2 變數衡量方式與預期方向 57 表4-1 描述性統計量與相關結果 60 表4-2 中堅企業各項策略變數與持續獲利的迴歸分析 62 表5-1 迴歸分析結果彙整 64 表5-2 台灣與韓國打造中堅企業與隱形冠軍的政策 75 圖 圖1-1 2013主要國家貿易依存度 3 圖1-2 2013財星世界500大各國公司數 4 圖1-3 2012各國每人勞動力出口表現 5 圖2-1 產品深度與廣度概念圖 24 圖2-2 中堅企業國際化策略邏輯概念圖 41 圖3-1 研究架構圖 48 圖5-1 T型策略 78

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