研究生: |
黃郁茸 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
國民中學國文教師作文教學信念及其形成因素 |
指導教授: | 趙美聲 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
教育學系 Department of Education |
論文出版年: | 2007 |
畢業學年度: | 95 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 146 |
中文關鍵詞: | 教學信念 、作文教學理論 、凱利庫存方格技術 |
英文關鍵詞: | teaching beliefs, composition teaching theory, Kelly Repertory Grid Technique |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:246 下載:74 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究使用凱利庫存方格技術探討國民中學國文教師的作文教學信念,主要目的在於了解當前國文教師的作文教學信念及其形成因素,同時透過建構主義的觀點,綜合分析目前作文教學信念與建構主義教學觀的異同。
在著手探討六位國文教師的作文教學信念後,主要發現如下:
一、六位教師的作文教學信念內涵:一般作文教學信念可呈現五大面向,即(一)平時能力的儲備、(二)學生情感的激發、(三)教學活動的進行、(四)教師能力的提昇,及(五)教師內蘊的涵養等。其符合作文教學歷程所必須具備的三項基本要素:學生、教師與教學活動。
二、六位教師的作文教學信念形成因素:主要有六項,即:(一)教師個人的特質:包括教師的個人經歷和人格特質;(二)養成教育的薰陶:包括自我惕勵、文學涵養,以及專門與專業的教育;(三)在職進修的精進:包括進修學習與活動參與;(四)教學現場的回饋:包括教師與學生兩大面向的需求和特質表現;(五)社區家長的風氣:包括家長特質和學區特質的影響;(六)行政政策的規範:包括教育政策與學校行政各項制度的規範。
三、建構主義教學觀與六位教師作文教學信念:至於在建構主義的教學觀之中,教師的作文教學信念,呈現以下三項特色:(一)作文教學理論的應用、(二)轉換教師角色、(三)規劃寫作歷程。
基於上述發現,本研究針對師資培育、教師的作文教學、政策、行政與一般寫作觀念以及後續欲探討作文教學信念相關議題的研究者提出適當建議。
This study use Kelly Repertory Grid Technique to explore middle school Chinese teachers’ teaching beliefs in composition writing. The main purposes lie in understanding middle school Chinese teachers’ teaching beliefs in composition writing and the factors affecting them. Besides, this study also analysis middle school Chinese teachers’ teaching beliefs in composition writing along with their constructivist teaching beliefs based on social constructivism. Finally, according to research findings, the study gives proper suggestions for further studies.
After exploring six Chinese teachers’ teaching beliefs in composition writing, the main discoveries are as follows:
1.The content of the six teachers' teaching beliefs in composition writing: The common teaching beliefs include five aspects, namely: (1) development of general ability; (2) inspirations of students’ emotion; (3) progress of the teaching activities; (4) enhancement of the teachers’ abilities; and (5) self-fulfillment of the teachers’ profession. The five aspects conform to three basic essential factors of the teaching activities of writing: student, teacher and teaching activities.
2.Factors affecting the six teachers' teaching beliefs: There are mainly six factors, namely: (1) teachers’ personal characteristic, including their personal experiences as well as personality; (2) the nurture of developed education, including self-cautious urges, the nurture of literature, as well as expert and specialized education; (3) the progress of refresher courses, including the further education and participations in activities; (4) the feedbacks from the real situation of teaching, including the teachers’ and students’ demands and personal characteristics; (5) the traits of the community and parents, including the influences of the characteristics of parents and school district; (6) the regulations of policy and administration, including the regulationa of educational policies and school administrations.
3.The constructivist teaching beliefs and the six teachers’ teaching beliefs in composition writing: From the viewpoint of constructivism, the teachers' teaching beliefs in composition writing take on the following three characteristics: (1) application of theories of teaching writing; (2) transformation of the teacher’s role; (3) plan of the writing process.
Based on the above discoveries, this study would like to give some suggestions to the cultivation of teachers, the teaching of writing, the policy, administration, the general writing concepts, and the later researchers who study teaching beliefs in composition writing.
一、中文部分
仇小屏(2005)。限制式寫作之理論與應用。臺北市:萬卷樓。
方正一(2004)。一名國小英語教師教學信念之研究。國立中正大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義縣。
方吉正(1998)。教師信念研究之回顧與整合─六種研究取向。教育資料與研究,20,36-44。
王恭志(2000)。教師教學信念與教學實務之探析。教育研究資訊,8(2),84-98。
王萬清(1991)。寫作教學初學者之教學內容知識結構及其改變歷程研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
王靜如(2000)。國小教師教學改變之研究。屏東師院學報,13,281-316。
吳正吉(1981)。怎樣寫好作文。臺北市:文津。
吳玉明(2002)。談有效的教學─由教師「教學信念」的角度探討。教師之友,43(1),39-42。
吳紹志(2000)。文章作法漫談,載於國中作文指導(頁1-5)。臺南市:翰揚。
呂美慧(2002)。一個國小低年級教師對閱讀教學的信念與實踐。臺中師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺中市。
李玉馨、潘麗珠、王秀玲、康瀚文、許力仁、 連育仁(2004)。國民中學國文教師教學信念與教學實踐之調查研究。國立編譯館館刊,32(3),26-43。
李毓清、楊志強(2000)。教師信念之研究:以普通大學幼教學程學生為例。幼兒教育年刊,12,114-140。
李維(譯)(1998)。L. S. Vygotsky著。思維與語言(Thought and language)。臺北市:桂冠。
車先蕙、李燦如、帥文慧、陳正文、張明玲(譯)(2004)。D. Schultz & S. E. Schultz著。人格理論(第二版)(Theories of personality)。臺北市,揚智。
周淑惠(1994)。建構取向之幼兒自然科學教學之歷程性研究。新竹師院學報,19,61-88。
周淑惠(1998)。一位國小教師國語科教學信念之研究。國立臺北師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
林玫君(2004)。教師戲劇教學信念轉變歷程之各案研究─從「幼兒」主導之戲劇課程出發。南師學報教育類,38(1),25-45。
林重岑(2001)。寫作教學的理論與其在教學上的建議。甲工學報,18,111-132。
林偉仁(1998)。國小作文教學的理論與實際。教師之友,39(2),33-40。
林清山(譯)(1997)。R. E. Mayer著。寫作。載於林清山(主編),教育心理學:認知取向(Educational psychology: A cognitive approach)(頁351-388)。臺北市:遠流。
林清財(1989)。我國國民小學教師教育信念之相關研究。國立政治大學教育學系博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
林進材(1997)。教師教學思考-理論、研究與應用。高雄市:復文。
邱皓政(2005)。量化研究與統計分析。臺北市:五南。
施頂清(2000)。維果斯基(Vygotsky)認知發展論在教學上之應用。教師之友,41(1),9-14。
高強華(1993)。論信念的意義、結構與特性。現代教育,8(2),74-89。
張小菁(1995)。臺北市國民小學教師閱讀教學信念之研究。臺北市立師範學院初等教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
張正仁(2004)。Vygotsky理論在國民小學國語文教學上的應用。國教天地,157,30-35。
張明麗(2002)。學前教師教育信念與專業成長關係之研究。光武學報,25,13-59。
張新仁(2006,11月)。我國寫作研究的回顧與展望。載於國立台灣師範大學教育學系主辦之「田培林教授一百一十四歲誕辰紀念學術講演會」會議手冊(頁12-62),臺北市。
教育部(1998)。九年一貫課程綱要。臺北市:教育部。
陳介英(2003)。深度訪談在經驗研究地位的反思。載於齊力、林本炫,質性研究方法與資料分析(頁115-125)。嘉義縣:南華大學教育社會學研究所。
陳昇飛(2004)。理論與實務的對話:建構主義在數學教育上的再思。臺中師院學報,18(2),71-87。
陳昇飛(2005)。社會建構主義在國小語文教學之實踐─社會互動教學與語文能力建構歷程之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系博士論文,未出版,臺北市。
陳芝沂(2004)。國小教師運用繪本教學信念之研究。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義市。
陳品卿(1990)。作文教學的理論與實際及學生作文之評量。教育資料集刊,15,41-62。
陳健生、霍玉英(2000)。小學中國語文科教師信念初探。課程教學季刊,3(2),115-134。
陳婷芳(1994)。幼稚園教師教師信念與教學行為之研究。國立臺灣師範大學家政教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
陳曉綺(2000)。國小教師教學決定歷程之詮釋性研究-以一位語文科教師為例。臺北市立師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
童丹萍(2004)。嘉義縣市國民小學國語文寫作教學實施之調查研究。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義市。
黃尤君(1996)。臺灣地區國小作文教學觀念演變之研究。國立臺東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺東市。
黃繼仁、周立勳、甄曉蘭(2001)。國小教師國語教學信念及相關因素之調查研究。教育研究集刊,47,107-132。
甄曉蘭、曾志華(1997)。建構教學理念的興起及其應用。國民教育研究學報,3,179-208。
劉雨(1994)。寫作心理學。高雄市:麗文。
劉威德、楊裕仁(2002)。教學信念的反省與覺察研究:以國中國文科教師為例。中州學報,16,147-167。
劉崇義(1996)。國中作文方法導論之四。孔孟月刊,24(8),43-51。
潘世尊(2004)。Vygotsky對認知發展的觀點及其教學應用。弘光學報,43,131-146。
潘雅芳(1996)。國中教師科學信念與教學信念、教學行為的關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
潘慧玲(主編)(2003)。教育研究的取徑:概念與應用。臺北市:高等教育。
蔡宜玲(2002)。一位全語文教師之教學信念的詮釋與實踐。國立臺北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
蔡銘津(1991)。寫作過程教學法對國小學兒童寫作成效之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
蔡銘津(2001)。寫作修訂歷程的認知及其在寫作學習上的涵意。國教天地,145,102-110。
鄭婉敏(2000)。社會認知取向的教與學。臺中師院學報,14,145-158。
鄭博真(1996)。寫作修改教學策略對國小學生寫作修改表現、寫作修改能力、寫作品質和寫作態度之影響研究。國立臺南師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺南市。
賴盈君(2000)。國小二年級國語科實施全語取向教學之個案研究。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義市。
謝錫金(2000)。量表教學的效能:寫作修改理論簡介。載於謝錫金、岑紹基,量表診斷寫作教學法(頁9-15)。香港:香港大學教育學院。
謝錫金、岑紹基(2000)。量表診斷寫作教學法。香港:香港大學教育學院。
鍾任琴(1993)。國小實習教師教育專業信念發展之研究。國立政治大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
藍雪瑛(1995)。我國國民中學國文教師教學信念集形成因素之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
羅素貞(1992)。寫作之觀念產出歷程研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。
譚彩鳳(2006)。香港中文教師教學信念及背景因素之研究。當代教育研究,14(1),113-146。
二、英文部分
August, B. S. (1992). Elementary teachers' responses to a writing inservice and their developing thinking about writing instruction. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, 1992). Dissertation Abstracts International, 54(6), 2091.
Bandura, A. (1986). Preface. In Social foundations of thought and action (pp. xi-xiii). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Beromley, K. (2003). Building a sound writing program. In L. M. Morrow, L. B. Gambrell & M. Pressley (Eds.), Best practices in literacy instruction (pp. 143-165). New York: Guilford Press.
Bunting, C. (1988). Cooperating teachers and the changing views of teacher candidates. Journal of Teacher Education, 39(2), 42-46.
Calderhead, J. (1996). Teachers: Beliefs and knowledge. In D. C. Berliner & R. C. Calfee (Eds.), Handbook of educational psychology (2nd ed. pp. 709-725). New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan.
Clark, C. M., & Peterson, P. L. (1986). Teachers’ thought processes. In M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching(3rd ed. pp. 255-296). New York : Macmillan.
Cole, M. (2004). Vygotsky and writing: Reflections from a distant disciplines. San Diego: CA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 360627)
Corporaal, A. H. (1991). Repertory grid research into cognitions of prospective primary school teacher. Teaching & Teacher Education, 7(4), 315-329.
Danish, B. (1985). Assumptions and belief systems that underlie a teacher’s use of writing. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Conference on College Composition and Communication. Minneapolis, MN. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 249440)
Flower, L. (1979). Writer- based prose: A cognitive basis for problems in writing. College English, 41(1), 19-37.
Flower, L. S., & Hayes, J. R. (1980). The dynamics of composing: Making plans and juggling constraints. In L. W. Gregg & E. R. Steinberg (Eds.), Cognitive processes in writing (pp. 31-50). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Fransella, F., & Bannister, D. (1977). A manual for repertory grid technique. New York: Academic Press.
Freedman, S. W. (1994). Moving writing research into the 21st century. Paper presented at the National Center for the Study of Writing and Literacy. Berkeley, CA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 396313)
Goodman, J. (1988). Constructing a practical philosophy of teaching: A study of preservice teachers’ professional perspectives. Teaching & Teacher Education, 4(2), 121-137.
Hayes, J. R., & Flower, L. S. (1980). Identifying the organization of writing process. In L. W. Gregg & E. R. Steinberg (Eds.), Cognitive processes in writing (pp. 3-30). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Hillocks, G. Jr. (2002). The testing trap: How state writing assessments control learning. New York: Teachers College Press.
Horak, W. J. (1976). An analysis of science teachers’ beliefs about teacher classroom behavior. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching. San Francisco, CA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 124424)
Kelley, K. S. (2005). Preservice teachers' belief development while learning to teach writing in an elementary writing methods course. (Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, 2005). Dissertation Abstracts International, 66(9).
Kelly, G. A. (1991). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.
Lasley, T. J. (1980). Preservice teacher beliefs about teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 16(4). 38-41.
Latta, G. F., & Swigger, K. (1992). Validation of the repertory grid for use in modeling knowledge. Journal of American Society for Information Science, 43(2), 115-129.
Leinhardt, G., & Greeno, J. G. (1986). The cognitive skill of teaching. Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(2), 75-95.
Moll, I. (1994). Reclaiming the natural line in Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development. Human Development, 37(6), 333-342.
Moll, L. C. (2001). Through the mediation of others: Vygotskian research on teaching. In V. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (4th ed. pp. 111-129). Washington, DC: American Education Research Association.
Multhauf, A. P., Willower, D. J., & Licata, J. W. (1978). Teacher pupil-control ideology and behavior and classroom environmental robustness. The Elementary School Journal, 79(1), 40-46.
Munby, H. (1983). A qualitative study of teachers’ beliefs and principles. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Montreal, Canada. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 228215)
Munby, H. (1984). A qualitative approach to the study of a teacher’s beliefs. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(1), 27-38.
Nespor, J. (1987). The role of belief in the practice of teaching. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 19(4), 317-328.
Noll, E. (1993, Dec.). Teachers’ theoretical beliefs and practice: A case study of literacy and biliteracy in a bilingual classroom. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Reading Conference. Charleston, SC. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 364862)
Olson, J. (1981). Teacher influence in the classroom: A context for understanding curriculum translation. Instructional Science, 10, 259-275.
Pajares, M. F. (1992). Teachers’ beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational Research, 62(3), 307-332.
Pope, M. L., & Keen, T. R. (1981). Personal construct psychology and education. New York: Academic Press.
Read, M. A. (1995). The relationship between teachers' beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes about writing instruction and their written comments on student compositions. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56(10), 3866.
Richardson, V. (1996). The role of attitudes and beliefs in learning to teach. In J. Sikula, T. Buttery & E. Guyton (Eds.), Handbook of research on teacher education (2nd ed. pp. 102-119). New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan.
Rokeach, M. (1980). Beliefs, attitudes, and values: A theory of organization and change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Shavelson, R. J. (1983). Review of research on teachers’ pedagogical judgment, plans, and decision. The Elementary School Journal, 83(4), 392-413.
Shavelson, R. J., & Stern, P. (1981). Research on teachers’ pedagogical thoughts, judgments, decisions, and behavior. Review of Educational Research, 51(4), 455-498.
Shotter, J. (1995). In dialogue: Social constructionism and radical constructivism. In L. P. Steffe & J. Gale (Eds.), Constructivism in education (pp. 41-56). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundarions of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57, 1-22.
Sigel, I. E. (1985). A conceptual analysis of beliefs. In I. E. Sigel (Ed.), Parental belief systems: The psychological consequences for children (pp. 345-371). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Sperling, M., & Freedman, S. W. (2001). Research on writing. In V. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (4th ed. pp. 370-389). Washington, DC: American Education Research Association.