自1994年12月至1996年4月,在台灣省林業試驗所福山分所水生植物池
內共域蛙種進行群聚長期變動及其資源分配的研究調查,以估算出各蛙種
對不同資源之生態棲位寬度,及蛙種間對環境資源利用之重疊度,並探討共
棲蛙種間資源分配的策略. 在研究期間,每星期至樣區調查一次,共計
錄到十一種蛙類:中國樹蟾(Hyla chinesis),腹斑蛙(Rana adenopleura),
古氏赤蛙(Rana kuhlii),拉都希氏蛙(Rana latouchii),褐樹蛙(
Buergeria robusta),面天樹蛙(Chirixalus idiootocus),白頷樹蛙(
Polypedates megacephalus),台北樹蛙(Rhacophorus taipeianus),莫氏
樹蛙(Rhacophorus moltrechti),翡翠樹蛙(Rhacophorussmaragdinus)及
盤古蟾蜍(Bufo bankorensis)等. 這些共棲蛙種可分為地棲型及樹棲
型兩大群,研究結果顯示,在群聚中,蛙種之消長明顯,各蛙種都有對某一資
源有因子最大之利用寬度:古氏赤蛙的時間棲位寬度(Ba=0.382),腹斑蛙的
停棲位置棲位寬度(Ba=0.649)及拉都希氏蛙的食性棲位寬度(Ba=0.412),
均為地棲型蛙類中最寬者.白頷樹蛙的時間棲位寬度(Ba=0.265),面天樹蛙
的停棲位置棲位寬度(Ba=0.487),台北樹蛙的停棲區域棲位寬度(
Ba=0.264),以及中國樹蟾的停棲高度棲位寬度(Ba=0.241),為樹棲蛙種中
最大者.各蛙種間對不同資源利用間的區隔十分明顯. 分析共棲蛙種之
間生態棲位重疊度時,當利用一項資源的重疊度高時,則在其它項資源因子
的重疊度會有較低的現象:拉都希氏蛙與古氏赤蛙在時間,氣候及停棲位置
的生態棲位重疊度(分別為Ro=0.459,0.42,0.438)很高,但在停棲物的生態
棲位重疊度卻僅有0.113;白頷樹蛙,台北樹蛙在停棲位置,停棲物及停棲高
度的重疊度均高於0.813,但其在時間生態棲位的重疊度卻僅為0.274;這顯
示共棲蛙種能有效地利用各項資源環境,減少其間競爭的強度. 在水生
植物池當中,各蛙類對整體資源的利用高,則其生物量亦越高:白頷樹蛙及
腹斑蛙對整體資源的利用棲位寬度為樹棲型及地棲型蛙類中最高的(
Ba=0.305,0.242),其生物量亦是樹棲型及地棲型蛙纇中最高的(5863
g,82533g). 再者,蛙類在面臨種間競爭時,會有改變其利用資源形態的
情形:台北樹蛙在福山植物園水生植物池的棲息方式,由地棲改為樹棲,來
降低與其它蛙種間之競爭程度.

The resource partitioning of frog community in Fu-shan
botanical gardenwas investigated from December, 1994 to April,
1996. Total 11 species of frogs wasrecorded during the study
period. The niche breadth and the nivheoverlap among8 common
species were calculated. Buergeria robusta, Rhacophoru
smoltrchtiand Rhacophorus smaragdinus were present only in small
numbers. Their data were not analyzed. Considering the
clustering analysis, two groups of frogs in thiscommunity can be
identified. Haly chinesis, Chirixalus idiootocus, Polypedates
megacephalus and Rhacophours taipeianus are arboreal species.
Rana adenopleura,Rana kuhlii, Rana latouchii and Bufo
bankorensis are terrestrial species. In terrestrial group, the
temporal niche breadth of Rana kuhlii was 0.382. The standard
habitat niche breadth of Rana adenopleura was 0.649. The habitat
niche breadth of Rana latouchii was 0.412. In arboreal group,
the temporal niche breadth of Polypedates megacephalus was
0.265, the habitat niche breadthChirixalus idiootocus was 0.487
and the niche breadth of roost height of Hyla chinesis was
0.241. These results suggest one species in a group had a large
niche breadth in one particular resource by comparing with other
frogs.Indexes of niche overlap indicate that the overlapping in
temporal, climate and macrohabitat aspests between Rana
latouchii and Rana kuhlii were largerthen 0.42, while the roost
site overlap was very small(0.113). Similarly, the macrohabitat,
roost site and roost height overlaps between
Polypedatesmegacephalus and Rhacophours taipeianus were higher
then 0.813. The in time aspect overlap was small(0.274). The
niche breadth of one species could beeffected by the appearance
of anoyher species. Results from analysis of vertical
distribution (space and time nivhe dimensions), habitats and
diet characteristics indicated that resourcepartitioning among
frogs in Fu-shan botanical garden was clearly seen. In this
pond community, species with broader nivhe, also has a greater
total biomass. Polypedates megacephalus and Rana adenopleus both
have thebroadest niche either in arboreal or terrestrial groups,
they also have thelargest amount in total biomass(5863g,82533g).
The resource partitioning of frog community in Fu-shan