研究生: |
魏紹唐 Shao-Tang Wei |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
心理契約違反與離職意圖之關係研究: 以職涯高原為調節變數 The Relationship Between Psychological Contract Breach and Intention to Leave: Moderating Effect of Career Plateau |
指導教授: |
林怡君
Lin, Yi-Chun |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
國際人力資源發展研究所 Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt |
論文出版年: | 2014 |
畢業學年度: | 102 |
語文別: | 英文 |
論文頁數: | 68 |
中文關鍵詞: | 心理契約違反 、職涯高原 、離職意圖 |
英文關鍵詞: | Psychological Contract Breach, Career Plateau, Intention to Leave |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:177 下載:35 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
從2008年金融海嘯危機後,許多員工因為組織的扁平化及縮減,導致許多員工及民眾面臨求職上的困境,這些改變也導致許多員工升遷機會減少,因此員工的職涯規劃及發展在現今的工作職場上變得相對重要。
本論文的研究目的在於了解自變數心理契約違反,調節變數職涯高原以及依變數離職意圖之間的關係。更進一步說明,本篇論文有兩個目標:第一,探討心理契約違反與離職意圖之間的關係。第二,探討職涯高原作為調節變數,如何影響心理契約違反與離職意圖的關係。
本論文採用量化方法進行,紙本有效問卷共蒐集444份, 研究對象為台灣銀行界的員工,本研究採用統計軟體SPSS第18版與AMOS第18版進行問卷分析。
最後,其研究結果顯示心理契約違反與離職意圖具有正向相關,同時職涯高原於兩者之間有正向之調節作用。
Since 2008, the finical crisis has resulted in flattening of organizational hierarchies, downsizing, and outsourcing of organization, which reduced layers of middle management. It causes a number of people not easily to find a job. These changes had decreased a number of promotional opportunities and experiencing difficulty of upward hierarchically movement became pervasive among employees in any kinds of industries in this knowledge-based business world. Hence, employees’ career path and development become a very crucial concern in the workplace.
The purpose of the study aimed to investigate the relationships among psychological contract breach, career plateau and the intention to leave. To be more specific, this study had two objectives. First, this study explored the impact of psychological contract breach affecting the intention to leave. Second, this study examined the moderating effect of career plateau on the relationship between psychological contract breach and intention to leave.
This study utilized the quantitative approach and data were collected by paper –based questionnaires through 444 banking employees in Taiwan. The statistic software of SPSS v18.0 was used to analyze by hierarchical regression. The result indicated that psychological contract breach was positively related to intention to leave. Meanwhile, career plateau also played as a moderating link between psychological contract breach and intention to leave.
Abelson, M. A. (1986). Strategic management of turnover: A model for the health service administrator. Health Care Management Review, 11(2), 61-71.
Allen, T. D., Ruessel, J. A., Poteet, M. L., & Dobbins, G. H. (1999). Learning and development factors related to perceptions of job content and hierarchical plateauing. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 1113-1137.
Appelbaum, S. H., & Firestone, D. (1994). Revisiting career plateauing. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9, 12-21.
Ardichvili, A. (2003). Constructing socially situated learning experiences in human resource development: an activity theory perspective. Human Resource Development International, 6(1), 5-20.
Argyris C. (1960). Understanding organizational behavior. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.
Arnold, H. J. & Feldman, D. C. (1982). A multivariate analysis of the determinants of job turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 350-360.
Bardwick, J.M. (1986). The plateauing trap. New York, NY: Bantam Books.
Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Bentler, P. M., and Bonnett D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588-606.
Bingley, P., & Westergaard-Nielsen, N. (2004). Personnel policy and profit. Journal of Business Research, 57(5), 557-563.
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Testing structural equation models. In Bollen, K. A., & Long, J. S. (Eds.), Alternative ways of assessing model fit. (pp. 65-115). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Bunderson, J. S. (2001). How work ideologies shape the psychological contracts of professional employees: Doctors’ responses to perceived breach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 717-41.
Burke, R. J. (1989). Examining the career plateau: Some preliminary findings. Psychological Report, 65, 295-306.
Burke, R.J. & Mikkelsen, A. (2006). Examining the career plateau among police officers. International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 29(4), 691-703.
Carmine, E.G., & McIver, J. (1981). Analyzing models with unobserved variables: Analysis of covariance structures. In Bohrnstedt G., & Borgatta, E. (Eds.), Social measurement: Current issues. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Carsten, J. M. and P. E. Spector (1987). Unemployment, job satisfaction, and employee turnover: A meta-analytic test of the Muchinsky model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72, 374-381.
Chao, G. T. (1990). Exploration of the conceptualization and measurement of career plateau: A comparative analysis. Journal of Management, 16, 181-193.
Cotton, J. L. & Tuttle, J. M.(1986). Employee turnover: A meta-analysis and review with implications for research. Academy of Management Review, 11, 55-70.
Dalton, D. R., & W. D. Todor. (1979). Turnover turned over: An expanded and positive perspective. Academy of Management Review, 4(2), 225–235.
Davenport, L. A., & Roussell, J. E. A. (1994). Examining the relationship between career plateauing and job attitudes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Dallas, Texas.
Dessler, G. (2009). Fundamentals of human resources management: functions, correlates, and applications (1st ed.). New Jersey, Pearson Prentice Hall.
Duffy, J. A. (2000). The application of Chaos theory to the career-plateaued worker. Journal of Employment Counseling, 37(4), 229-236.
Elass, P.M. and Ralston, D.A. (1989). Individual responses to the stress of career plateauing. Journal of Management, 15, 35-47.
El-Sabaa, S. (2001). The skills and career path of an effective project manager. International Journal of Project Manager, 19, 1-7.
Ettington, D. R. (1998). Successful career plateauing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52, 72-88.
Executive Yuan (2012). Domestic Financial and Economic Indicators. Retrieved from http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=32882&ctNode=5624
Feldman, D.C. and Weitz, B.A. (1988). Career plateaus reconsidered. Journal of Management, 14(1), 69-80.
Ference, T. P., Stoner, J. A., & Warren, E. K. (1977). Managing the career plateau. Academy of Management Review, 2, 602-612.
Guieford, J. P. (1965). Fundamental statistics in psychology and education (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGram-Hill.
Hackman, J. R., Oldham, G., Janson, R., & Purdy, K. (1975). A new strategy for job enrichment. California Management Review, 17(4), 57-71.
Hall, D. T. (2004). The protean career: A quarter-century journey. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 1–13.
Heilmann, S. G. (2005). The Impact of Community Embeddedness on Turnover: An Investigation of the Moderating Effects of Career Plateauing, Occupational Portability, and Occupational Commutability.
Heilmann, S. G., Holt, D. T., & Rilovick, C. Y. (2008). Effects of career plateauing on turnover: A test model. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 15(1), 59-68.
Herriot, P., Manning, W. E. G. and Kidd, J. M. (1997). The content of the psychological contract, British Journal of Management, (8), 151-62.
John, L. C. & Jeffery, M. T. (1986). Employee turnover:A meta-analysis and review with implications for research. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 55-70.
Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (1996). LISREL 8 user’s reference guide. Uppsala, Sweden: Scientific Software International.
Jung, J., & Tak, J. (2008). The effects of perceived career plateau on employees’ attitudes: Moderating effects of career motivation and perceived supervisor support with Korean employees. Journal of Career Development 35(2), 187-201.
King, Z. (2004). Career self-management: Its nature, causes and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65, 112–133.
Kotter, J. P. (1973). The psychological contract: Managing the joining up process. California Management Review, 15(3), 91-99.
Lee, P. C. B. (2003). Going beyond career plateau: Using professional plateau to account for work outcomes. Journal of Management Development, 22(6), 538-551.
Lee, T. & Mowday, R. (1987). Voluntary leaving an organization: An empirical investigation of Steers and Mowday’s model of turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 30, 721–743.
Lee, T. W., & Mowday, R. T. (1987). An empirical investigation of Steers and Mowday’s model of turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 30, 721-743.
Lemire, L., Sada, T., & Gagnon, Y. C. (1999). Managing career plateauing in the Quebec public sector. Public Personnel Management, 28, 375-391.
Lentz, E., & Allen, T. D. (2009). The role of mentoring others in the career plateauing phenomenon. Group & Organizational Management, 34(3), 358-384.
Lentz, L. (2004). The link between the career plateau and mentoring -addressing the empirical gap. (Master’s Thesis). Retrieved from http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2128&context=etd
Levinson, H, Price C, Munden K, Mandl H, Solley C. (1962). Men, management, and mental health. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130-149.
Marsh, R. M. & Mannari, H. (1977). Organizational commitment and turnover: A prediction study. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 57-75.
McCleese, C. S., & Eby, L. T. (2006). Reactions to job content plateaus: examining role ambiguity and hierarchical plateaus as moderators. The Career Development Quarterly, 55(1), 64-76.
Meyer, J. P., Allen, N.J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538-551.
Michaels, C. E. & Spector, P. E. (1982). Causes of employee turnover: A test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand, and Meglino model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(1), 53-59.
Miles, R. E. & Snow, C.C. (1980). Designing strategic human resource systems. Organizational Dynamics, 36-52.
Milliman, J. F. (1992). Cause, consequences and moderating factors of career plateauing. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Southern California.
Millward, L. J., & Hopkins, L. J. 1998. Psychological contracts, organizational and job commitment, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(16), 1530–1556.
Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 237–240.
Mobley, W. H., Horner, S.O. & Hollingsworth, A.T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 404-414.
Mohrman, A. M., & Lawler, E. E. (1993). Human resource management: Building a strategic partnership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Morrison, E.W, & Robinson, S. L. (1997). When employees feel betrayed: A model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of Management Review, 22, 226–256.
Near, J. P. (1984). Reactions to the career plateau. Business Horizons, 27(4), 75-79.
Near, J. P. (1985). A discriminant analysis of plateaued versus nonplateaued managers. Journal of vocational behavior, 26, 177-188.
Nelson, D. L. (1987). Organizational socialization: a stress perspective. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 8, 311-324
Noer, D. M. (1993). Healing the wounds. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGrawHill.
O’Reilly, C. A., & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 492-499.
Ongori, H.& Agolla, J.E. (2009). Paradigm shift in managing career plateau in organization: The best strategy to minimize employee intention to quit. Africa Journal of Business Management, 3(6), 268-271.
Park, G., & Yoo, T. (2005). The impact of career plateau on job and career attitudes and moderating effects of emotional intelligence and organizational support. Korean Journal of industrial and organizational Psychology, 18, 499-523.
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. M., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method variance in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879-903.
Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.M., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N.P. (2003). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12(4), 531-544.
Porter, L.W, & Steers, R. M (1973). Organizational, work and personal factors in employee turnover and absenteeism. Psychological Bulletin, 80, 151- 176.
Raja, U, Johns, G, & Ntalianis, F. (2004). The impact of personality on psychological contracts. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 350–367.
Robinson, S. L. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 574-599.
Robinson, S. L., & Morrison, E. W. (2000). The development of psychological contract breach and violation: A longitudinal study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 525-546.
Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organization Behavior, 15(3), 245-259.
Rotondo, D. M. & Perrewe, P. L. (2000). Coping with a career plateau: An empirical examination of what works and what doesn’t. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 2622-2646.
Rousseau, D. M. & Parks, J. M. (1993). The contracts of individuals and organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 15, 1-43.
Rousseau, D. M. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer’s obligations: A study of psychological contracts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11, 389-400.
Rousseau, D. M. (1995). Psychological contracts in organizations: Understanding written and unwritten agreements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Rousseau, D.M. (1989). Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2(2), 121-39.
Rousseau, D.M. (1990). New hire perceptions of their own and their employer's obligations: a study of psychological contracts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11, 389-400.
Rousseau, D. (1995). Psychological contracts in organizations: Understanding written and unwritten agreements. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Sager, J. K., Futrell, C. M. & Varadarajan, R.(1989). Exploring salesperson turnover: A causal model. Journal of Business Research,18, 307-326.
Salami, S. O. (2010). Career plateauing and work attitudes: Moderating effects of mentoring others with Nigerian employees. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 6(4), 71-92.
Schein, E. H., & Schein, E. (1978). Career dynamics: Matching individual and organizational needs 12. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley publishing company.
Steel, R. & Ovalle, N. (1984). A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavioral intentions and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 673– 686.
Steers, R. M., & Mowday, R. T. (1981). Employee turnover and post-decision accommodation process. Research in Organizational Behavior, 13, 281-325.
Sturges, J., Guest, D., Conway, N. and Davey, K. M. (2002). A longitudinal study of the relationship between career management and organizational commitment among graduates in the first ten years at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 731-748.
Tett, R. P., & Meyer, J. P.(1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention: Path analyses based on meta-analytic findings. Personnel Psychology, 46, 259-293.
Towers Watons. (2012). 2012 Global Employee Satisfaction. Retrieved from http://www.towerswatson.com/taiwan/press/7661
Towers Watons. (2012). General Industry Compensation Report-Taiwan. Retrieved from http://www.towerswatson.com/taiwan/research/1457
Tremblay, M., Roger, A., & Toulouse, J. (1995). Career plateau and work attitudes: An empirical study of managers. Human Relations, 48(3), 221-238.
Tucker, L. R, & Lewis, C. (1973). A reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 38(1), 1-10.
Weisman, C. S. (1982). Recruit from within: hospital nurse retention in the 1980s. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 12(5), 24-31.
Wellin, M. (2007), Managing the Psychological Contract: Using the Personal Deal to Increase Business Performance, Gower, Aldershot.