研究生: |
孫以柔 Sun, Yi-Jou |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
高中學生生涯探索:學校課程與家庭教養資本之互動關係 High School Students' Career Exploration in Taiwan: Interactions between School Curriculum and Family Capital in Parenting |
指導教授: |
卯靜儒
Mao, Chin-Ju |
口試委員: |
黃政傑
Huang, Zheng-Jie 周淑卿 Chou, Shu-Ching 田秀蘭 Tien, Hsiu-Lan 王麗斐 Wang, Li-fei 卯靜儒 Mao, Chin-Ju |
口試日期: | 2021/10/18 |
學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
系所名稱: |
課程與教學研究所 Graduate Institute of Curriculum and Instruction |
論文出版年: | 2021 |
畢業學年度: | 109 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 243 |
中文關鍵詞: | 高中課程改革 、生涯輔導 、生涯輔導系統 、學生經驗 |
英文關鍵詞: | curriculum reform, career guidance, career guidance system, student experience |
研究方法: | 個案研究法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202101840 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:180 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究採個案研究法,以新北市一所男女合校的完全中學高中部作為研究場域,探究十二年國教課程改革下,第一、二屆經歷108課綱的學生,在學校的生涯輔導系統中的探索經驗。本研究挑選對108課綱具有一定程度的理解、具有學習的主動性與明確生涯方向的高一與高二各一位學生作為研究參與者,探討家庭教養經驗與學校學習經驗如何協助與支持其找到生涯願景,成為108課綱素養導向課程所期待的學生圖像。本研究以Bernstein理論作為分析架構,剖析個案學生在進入學校系統前的起點行為如何受到家庭教養與成長經驗的影響,產生不同程度的生涯認同與探索狀態,並習得與形塑出不同形式的運用資源與感知系統的能力。其次,探究個案學生進入學校生涯輔導系統後的學習歷程,包括學科課程、生涯規劃課程、生涯探索活動,以及個案學生與不同系統成員的互動經驗。本研究期待透過學生經驗以反饋學校課程的整體規劃與安排,以期作為未來課程改革的參考,使更多學生有機會從學校的學習中找到生涯方向與目標。研究結論如下:
一、學生經由家庭教養經驗形塑出生涯價值觀,影響其參與學校生涯輔導系統的不同角色類型與互動位置。
二、學生的生涯探索經驗受到社會關係的互動經驗影響,但系統成員的職務分配未必符應學生的社會關係。
三、學生的課程意識與生涯興趣覺醒於自主性探究過程,有助於開啟對於學校生涯輔導系統的覺知與批判。
根據上述結論,本研究提出以下建議:
一、學校應重視家庭教養經驗對學生的影響並積極系統合作,針對不同參與程度的學生與家長規劃接觸資源的不同方式。
二、學校整體課程規劃宜整合跨領域的學習內容與學習表現,建構兼具統整性與延續性的校本生涯輔導系統與課程地圖。
三、家庭與學校應提供學生更多自主學習與探究的時間、空間與機會,導引學生主動建構知識與興趣,開展出生涯圖像。
This is a case study that researched was implemented in a high school in New Taipei City, Taiwan. The purpose of this research is to explore the experience curriculum in a high school career guidance system for grade ten and grade eleven students who have experienced and understood the 108 curriculum guidelines. Both research participants are motivated learners and have clear future career paths in mind. This research explored how parenting and learning experience can assist and support them to find a career vision, and to become the ideal student image as described in the 108 curriculum guidelines. This research used Bernstein’s theory as the analysis framework to analyze how students’ entry behavior before entering the school system was affected by family experience. These influences caused students to achieve different levels of career identity and acquired various forms of ability to utilize resources and to perceive the career guidance system in high school. Secondly, this research explored the learning process of students after entering the career guidance system in high school and the interaction between students and members of different systems. The learning process included subject curriculum, career planning curriculum, and career exploration activities. Lastly, This study used student experience to provide feedback on the overall curriculum arrangement in order to serve as a reference for future curriculum reforms in Taiwan.
The research findings include:
1. Students shaped their career values through family experience, which influenced their roles and interactive positions in the high school career guidance system.
2. Students’ career exploration experience is affected by their interactive experience of social relations, but the job assignments of school system members may not correspond to students’ social relations.
3. Students' curriculum awareness and career interests are awakened in the process of autonomous inquiry, which helps to inspire their awareness and critical thinking of the school career guidance system.
Based on the findings above, the suggestions are as followed:
1. Schools should pay attention to the impact of family experience on students and actively and systematically cooperate with families to plan different ways of contacting resources for students and parents of different levels of participation.
2. The overall school curriculum planning should integrate cross-field learning content and learning performance, construct an integrated and continuous school-based career guidance system, and develop its curriculum mapping.
3. Families and schools should provide students with more time, space, and opportunities for autonomous learning and inquiry, and guide students to actively construct knowledge and interests and map out their own career paths.
壹、中文部分
Apple, M. W.(2002)。意識型態與課程〔王麗雲譯〕。桂冠。(原著出版年:1979)
Damon, W.(2013)。邁向目的之路:幫助孩子發現內心的召喚,踏上自己的英雄旅程〔許芳菊譯〕。天下雜誌。(原著出版年:2009)
Kuang, S.(2017)。斜槓青年:全球職涯新趨勢,迎接更有價值的多職人生。圓神。
Punch, K. F.(2006)。社會科學研究法:量化與質化取向〔林世華、陳柏熹、黃寶園、傅瓊儀、趙如錦譯〕。心理。(原著出版年:1998)
王文科(1995)。教育研究法。五南。
王玉珍、曾晴、陳之懷、簡明彥、林欣儀(2020)。邁向志向之旅─青少年生涯目的
感發展之歷程研究。教育心理學報,52(2),263-286。
王莛雅 、莊惇安 、鄭仁厚(2018)。在生命轉彎處─善用機緣論。家庭教育雙月刊,73,28-39。
王雲東(2007)。社會研究方法:量化與質性取向及其應用。揚智。
王雅玄(2007)。伯恩斯坦《邁向教育傳遞理論》評述。中等教育,58(5),152-166。
王雅玄(2012)。教師專業地位的知識社會學分析:以英國課程發展為例。課程研究,7(1),87-110。
王麗斐、趙曉美(2005)。小學輔導專業發展的困境與出路,教育研究月刊,134,41-53。
王麗斐、杜淑芬、羅明華、楊國如、卓瑛、謝曜任(2013)生態合作取向的學校三級輔導體制:WISER模式介紹。輔導季刊,49(2),4-11。
王麗斐、趙容嬋(2018)。生態合作取向之WISER三級輔導工作模式。Journal of Counselling Profession,1,27-35。
王瑞賢(2007)。社會階級、教育傳遞與社會控制─伯恩斯坦思想導讀。載於王瑞賢(譯著),階級、符碼與控制:教育傳遞理論之建構(頁5-52)。聯經。
王瑞賢(2018)。Basil Bernstein的教育論述及其實踐─教育機制的分析。臺灣教育社會學研究,18(1),1-39。
卯靜儒(2014)。改革即改變嗎?教育改革理解路徑之探索。教育學刊,42,1-37。
卯靜儒(2002)。波克維滋的教育改革的政治社會學。載於蘇峰山(主編),意識、權力與教育(231-244)。復文。
田秀蘭(2015)。生涯諮商與輔導。學富。
何金針、陳秉華(2007)。臺灣學校輔導人員專業化之研究。稻江學報,2(2),166-183。
吳芝儀(2005年9月)。他山之石:先進國家學校輔導工作比較和省思。發表於第一屆中小學輔導與諮商學術研討會,嘉義大學,嘉義市。
吳芝儀(2008)。學生輔導法的研擬與影響。輔導季刊,44(3),34-44 。
吳嘉苓(2015)。載於瞿海源、畢恆達、劉長萱、楊國樞(主編)。社會及行為科學研究法:質性研究法(249-280)。東華。
李迪琛、金樹人(2018)。緣的特性及其對生涯發展的影響。教育心理學報,50(2),341-362。
李文富(2017年7月)。大學十八學群選才與高中適性選修課程對應。載於蔡清華(主編),課程協作與實踐。教育部中小學師資課程教學與評量協作中心。
李藹慈(2013)。訪談研究法。載於蔡清田(主編)。社會科學研究方法新論(55-84)。五南。
周淑卿(1995)。教育知識社會學的幾個重要概念。空大學訊,157,49-52。
林幸台(1987)。生涯輔導的理論與實施。五南。
林幸台、田秀蘭、張小鳳、張德聰(2010)。生涯輔導。心理。
林永豐(2010)。我國後期中等教育課程試探功能之評析。課程與教學,13(3),23-45。
林永豐(2012)。論十二年國教與後期中等教育的結構性問題。載於黃政傑(主編),十二年國教改革、問題與期許(73-84)。高等教育。
林清文(2007)。學校輔導。雙葉。
林淑華、吳芝儀(2017)。美國學校輔導諮商發展史及對台灣學校輔導工作之啟示。輔導季刊,53(2),48-59。
林佩璇(2000)。個案研究及其在教育研究上的應用。載於中正大學教育學研究所(主編),質的研究方法(239-262)。麗文。
金樹人、林清山、田秀蘭(1989)。我國大專學生生涯發展定向之研究。教育心理學報,22,167-190。
張盈堃(2000)。教師作為轉化型知識份子的教育實踐。教育與社會研究,1,25-58。
張芬芬、陳麗華、楊國揚(2010)。臺灣九年一貫課程轉化之議題與因應。教科書研究,3(1),1-40。
張建成、陳珊華(2006)生涯管教與行為管教的階級差異:兼論家庭與學校文化的連續性。教育研究集刊,52(1),129-161。
張芬芬(2010)。質性資料分析的五步驟:在抽象階梯上爬升。初等教育學刊,35, 87-120。
教育部(2014)。十二年國民基本教育課程綱要總綱。https://reurl.cc/Rbko16
教育部(2018)。國民中小學暨普通型高級中等學校綜合活動領域課程綱要。https://reurl.cc/Okmorg
莊明貞(主編)(2003)。課程改革反省與前瞻。高等教育。
許誌庭(2008)。課程改革中的權力展佈與知識新生。教育研究學報,42(1),17-32。
許維素(2013a)。我的密蘇里遊學反思:臺灣學校輔導專業發展的發想(一)。諮商與輔導,329,52-56。
許維素(2013b)。我的密蘇里遊學反思:臺灣學校輔導專業發展的發想(二)。諮商與輔導,330,44-52。
許維素(2013c)。我的密蘇里遊學反思:臺灣學校輔導專業發展的發想(三)。諮商與輔導,331,48-55。
許維素(2013d)。我的密蘇里遊學反思:臺灣學校輔導專業發展的發想(八)。諮商與輔導,336,49-59。
陳易芬(2019)。諮商輔導工作2030的展望。載於翁福元、陳易芬(主編),臺灣教育2030(139-152)。五南。
陳安琪(2016)。性別刻板印象威脅效應影響女高中生生涯發展決策之研究(未出版博士論文)。國立高雄師範大學,高雄市。
陳伯璋(1998)。意識形態與教育。師大書苑。
陳秉華(2005,9 月)。我國中小學校輔導與諮商工作的現況和挑戰。載於嘉義大學主辦之「現代教育論壇:第一屆中小學輔導與諮商學術研討會」嘉義縣。
教育部(2009)。普通高級中學課程綱要。https://reurl.cc/Yj3bx4
湯京平(2015)。載於瞿海源、畢恆達、劉長萱、楊國樞(主編)。社會及行為科學研究法:質性研究法(249-280)。東華。
黃奕偉(2015)。生涯轉換歷程中的意義建構—以成就觀為例的華人生涯輔導理念初探。輔導季刊,51(4),39-49。
黃素菲(2016)。後現代的幸福生涯觀:變與不變的生涯理論與生涯諮商之整合模型。教育實踐與研究,29(2),137-172。
黃政傑(2005)。課程改革新論:教育現場虛實探究。冠學。
黃政傑(2012)。宏觀十二年國教的推動。載於黃政傑(主編),十二年國教改革、問題與期許(3-16)。高等教育。
黃庭康(2016)。重探伯恩斯坦的教育機制理論:以新加坡華文中學的國家改革考試為例。教育研究集刊,62(3),73-104。
黃瑞琴(1991)。質的教育研究方法。心理。
黃鴻文(2003)。國民中學學生文化之民族誌研究。學富。 黃鴻文、湯仁燕(2005)。學生如何詮釋學校課程?教育研究集刊,51(2),99-131。
黃鴻文、鄭英傑、王俐蘋(2016)。為何不傾聽學生的聲音?學生課程觀及其對課程研究的啟示。臺灣教育社會學研究,16(1),127-152。
楊智穎(2017)。後九年一貫課程時期學校課程發展的變與不變:文化歷史觀點的省思。課程研究,12(2),21-36。
葉一舵(2013)。臺灣學校輔導發展史。心理。
葉興華(2012)。十二年國教實施後國中及後中的課程調整方向。載於黃政傑(主編),十二年國教改革、問題與期許(159-167)。高等教育。
葉高華(2018)。大學多元入學是否有利「家境好」的學生?臺灣社會學刊,64,171-195。
甄曉蘭(1997)。變遷社會中課程改革的迷思。一九九七海峽兩岸小學教育學術研討會論文集(頁165-180)。國立嘉義師範學院。
甄曉蘭(2003)。教師的課程意識與教學實踐。教育研究集刊,49(1),63-94。
甄曉蘭(2004)。課程理論與實務:解構與重建。高等。
臺灣輔導與諮商學會(2017年8月1日)。落實學生輔導法,健全學生輔導政策。https://reurl.cc/95nq2v
歐用生(2000)。課程改革─九年一貫課程的獨白與對話。師大書苑。
歐用生(2003)。誰能不在乎課程理論?─教師課程理論的覺醒,教育資料集刊,28,373-387。
歐用生(2012,11月)。聽!教室裡的即興演奏─教育美學的邀約。論文發表於廣州華南師範大學舉辦之「第十四屆兩岸三地課程理論研討會」,廣州。
潘淑滿(2003)。質性研究:理論與應用。心理。
潘慧玲(主編)(2004)。教育研究的取徑:概念與應用。高等。
蔡敏玲(2004)。我看教育質性研究創塑意義的問題與難題:經歷、剖析與再脈絡化。國立臺北師範學院學報,17(1),493-518。
謝淑敏(2019)。十二年國教素養導向教學對綜合活動課程設計與學習內容之啟示─以生涯理論在中學生涯規劃議題融入之應用為例。載於翁福元、陳易芬(主編),臺灣教育2030(59-78)。五南。
藍佩嘉(2014)。做父母、做階級:親職敘事、教養實作與階級不平等。臺灣社會學27,97-140。
藍佩嘉(2016)。拉拔孩子長大,需要整個村落的力量。載於李宗義、許雅淑(譯),階級世代推薦序(7-15)。衛城。
貳、英文部分
Apple, M. W. (2000). Official knowledge: Democratic education in a conservative age (2nd. Ed.). Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Arnot, M. (2000), Gender relations and schooling in the new century: Conflicts and challenges. Compare, 30(3), 293-302.
Bernstein, B. (1971). On the Classification and Framing of Educational Knowledge. In M. Young (Ed.), Knowledge and Control (pp. 47-69). Collier-Macmillan.
Bernstein, B. (1975). Class, code and control (vol.3) Towards a Theory of Education Transmission. Routledge.
Bernstein, B. (2004) Social Class and Pedagogic Practice. In S.J. Ball (Ed.), The RoutledgeFalmer reader in Sociology of Education (pp. 196-217). RoutledgeFalmer.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood Press.
Cuban, L. (1990) Reforming again, again, and again. Education Researcher, 19(1), 3-13.
Coleman, J. S. (1987). Families and schools. Educational Researcher, 16(6), 32-38.
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American journal of sociology, 94, 95-120.
Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. McGraw-Hill.
Eisner, E.W. ( 2002 ). The arts and the creation of mind. Yale University Press.
Erickson, F. & Shultz, J. (1992). Students’ experience of the curriculum. In P. Jackson (Ed.), Handbook of research on curriculum. (pp. 465-485). Macmillan.
Fullan, M. C., & M. B. Miles (1995). Getting Reform Right. In A.C. Ornstein, & L.S. Behar(Eds.), Contemporary Issues in Curriculum (pp. 403-414). Allyn and Bacon.
Gattiker, U.E., & Larwood, L. (1986). Subjective career success: A study of managers and support personnel. Journal of Business and Psychology, 1(2), 78-94.
Goodlad, J. I., Klein, M. F., &Tye, K. A. (1979). The domains of curriculum and their study. In J. Goodlad. & Associates (Eds.), Curriculum inquiry: The study of curriculum practice (pp. 43-76). McGraw-Hill.
Goodlad, J. I. (1994). What Schools Are For. Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.
Goodson, I. F. (1985).Social Histories of the Secondary Curriculum: Subjects for Study. Falmer.
Goodson, I. F. (1988). The Making of Curriculum: Collected Essays. Falmer Press.
Giroux, H. (1981). Towards a Sociology of Curriculum. In H. A. Giroux., A. N. Penna., & W. E. Pinar (Eds.). Curriculum and Instruction: Alternatives in Education (pp.98-108). McCutchan Pub. Corp.
Hall, D.T. (1996). Protean careers of the 21st Century. The Academy of Management Executive. 10(4), 8-16.
Higgins, E. T. (1987). Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect. Psychological Review, 94(3), 319-340.
Hodgson, A., & Spours, K. (1997). From the 1991 White Paper to the Dearing report. In A. Hodgson & K. Spours (Eds.), Dearing and beyond (pp. 4-24). Kogan page.
Holland, J. L. (1973). Making vocational choices A theory of careers. Prentice-Hall.
Holland, J. L. (1985). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall.
Horvat, E. M., Weininger, E. B., & Lareau, A. (2003). From Social Ties to Social Capital: Class Differences in the Relations Between Schools and Parent Networks. American Educational Research Journal, 40(2), pp. 319-351.
Huebner, D. (1985). Spirituality and knowing. In E. Eisner (Ed.), Learning and teaching the ways of knowing. Eighty-fourth yearbook of the NSSE (pp.159-173). University of Chicago Press.
Josselson, R. (2007). The ethical attitudes in narrative research: Principles and practicalities. In D. J. Clandinin (Ed.), Handbook of narrative inquiry: Mapping a methodology (pp.537-566). Sage.
Kalleberg, A. L. (2009). Precarious work, insecure workers: Employment relations in transition. American Sociological Review, 74, 1-22.
Kliebard, H. M. (1975). Persistent curriculum issues in historical perspective. In W. F. Pinar (Ed.),Curriculum theorizing: The reconceptualists (pp. 39-50). McCutchan.
Kliebard, H. (1992). Forging the American curriculum. Routledge.
Kohn, M. L. (1969). Class and conformity: A study in values. Dorsey Press.
Kohn, M. L., & Schooler, C. (1973). Occupational experience and psychological functioning: An assessment of reciprocal effects. American Sociological Review, 38(1), 97-118.
Krumboltz, J. D. (1979). A social learning theory of career decision making. In A. M. Mitchell, G. B. Jones, & J. D. Krumboltz (Eds.), Social Learning and career decision making (pp. 19-49). Carroll Press.
Krumboltz, J. D., & Jackson, M. A. (1993). Career assessment as a learning tool. Journal of Career Assessment, 1, 393-409.
Krumboltz, J. D. (2009). The Happenstance Learning Theory. Journal of Career Assessment, 17(2), 135-154.
Krumboltz, J. D. (2011). Capitalizing on happenstance. Journal Of Employment Counseling, 48(4), 156-158.
Lareau, A. (2002). Invisible Inequality: Social Class and Childrearing in Black Families and White Families. American Sociological Review, 67(5), 747-776.
Lareau, A. (2003). Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life. University of California Press
Lareau, A. (2015). Cultural Knowledge and Social Inequality. American Sociological Review, 80(1), 1-27.
Maree, J . G. (Kobus) (2016). Career Construction Counseling With a Mid-Career Black Man. The Career Development Quarterly, 64, 20-34.
Mainiero, L.A., & Sullivan, S.E. (2005). Kaleidoscope careers: An alternate explanation for the "Opt-out" revolution. The Academy of Management Executive, 19(1), 106-123.
Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego-identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 551-558.
Mitchell, K. E., Levin, A. S., Krumboltz, J. D. (1999). Planned Happenstance: Constructing Unexpected Career Opportunities. Journal Of Couseling and Development, 77(2), 115-124.
Nieto, S. (2003). Lessons from Students on Creating a Chance to Dream. In S. Plaut & N. S. Sharkey (Eds.), Education Policy and Practice: Bridging the Divide (pp. 175-211). Harvard Educational Review.
Parsons, F. (1909). Choosing a Vocation. Houghton Mifflin.
Paechter (2000). discipline as examination/examination as discipline: the effect of curriculum codification on teachers, students and subjects. In Changing School Subjectss: power, gender and curriculum (pp.130-152). Open University Press.
Popkewitz, T. S. (1982) Educational reform as the organization of ritual: stability as change, Journal of Education, 164(1), 5-29.
Popkewitz,T.S. (1991). A Political sociology of educational reform: power/knowledge in teaching, teacher education, and research. Teachers College Press.
Popkewitz, T.S. (2000). Curriculum as a problem of knowledge, governing, and the social administration of the soul. In Franklin, B. M. (Ed.). Curriculum and
consequence-Herbert M, Kliebard and the promise of schooling (pp. 75-99).Teachers College Press.
Rahim, E. (2010). Marginalized through the “Looking Glass Self” The development of Stereotypes and Labeling. Journal of International Academic Research, 10(1), 9-19.
Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42-70). Wiley.
Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J. P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Soresi, S., Van Esbroeck, R., & Van Vianen, A. E. M. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 239-250.
Savickas, M. L. (2011). Career Counseling. American Psychological Association.
Savickas, M. L. (2012). Life design: A paradigm for career intervention in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 13-19.
Savickas, M. L. (2013a). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (2nd ed) (pp. 147-186). Wiley.
Savickas, M. L. (2013b). Career construction theory and practice. In R. W. Lent & S. D. Brown (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (2nd ed.) (pp. 144-180). John Wiley & Sons.
Savickas, M. L. (2014, July). Adaptability and life story construction in young adolescents. In L. Nota (Chair), Vocational designing and prevention. Symposium conducted at the 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Palais Des Congrès, Paris, France.
Seidman, I. (2006). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. Teachers College Press.
Smith, A. (2008) . What Schools are For by John Goodlad. Journal of Educational Controversy, 3 (1) , 23.
Super, D. E. (1980). A Life-Span, Life Space Approach to Career Development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16 (3), 282-298.
Swain, R. (1984). Easing the transition: A career planning course for college students. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 62, 529-533.
van Manen, Max (1982). Phenomenological pedagogy. Curriculum Inquiry, 12 (3), 283-299.
Whitty, G. (2010). Revisiting School Knowledge: some sociological perspectives on new school curricula. European Journal of Education, 45(1), 28-45.
Yin, R. K. (1989). Case study research: Design and methods. London: Sage Publications.
Young, M. (1971). Knowledge and Control: New Directions for the Sociology of Education. Collier-Macmillan.
Young, M. (2008). What are schools for?. In H. Daniels, H. Lauder & J. Porter (Eds.), Knowledge, values and educational policy: A critical perspective Vol. 2 (pp.10-18). Routledge.
Young, M. (2014, March). The curriculum and the entitlement to knowledge. Symposium conducted at the meeting of Cambridge Assessment Network, Magdalene College, Cambridge.
Watts, A. G., & Young, M. (1997). Models of students guidance in a changing 14-19 education and training system. In A. Hodgson & K. Spours (Eds.), Dearing and beyond (pp. 148-160). Kogan page.