應用程式已行之有年，但在蘋果自2008年推出App Store後，整個應用程式開始蓬勃發展，而應用程式此一新興服務衍伸出新的商業模式，先前電子商務無法完全解釋現今發展之模式，因此本研究主要探討現今應用程式之商業模式，以免費提供應用程式之開發商為主要探討對象，做整理與歸納；此外因整個產業龐大的商機，吸引應用程式開發商大批投入，導致應用程式間競爭激烈，且發展快速，讓廠商無所適從，因此本研究搭配安索夫成長路徑，研究目前嶄露頭角之開發商其成長路徑做整理與歸納，得出之結論與建議能提供後進者一些發展上之方向。最後將研究發現整理如下:

一、 雖然應用程式看似多元，但是其商業模式皆大同小異，僅有商業模式並不夠，需搭配其他策略。
二、 成長路徑大多還是依序發展，僅有少數從反向發展。
三、 成長路徑與商業模式需互相搭配，商業模式協助成長路徑的達成。

建議之部分如下:
一、 以社會上現有需求為出發點
二、 商業模式的搭配需先建立相關的能力

The Applications have been practiced for years, but since Apple Inc. released the App Store in 2008, the whole application industry has been rising and flourishing. The developing application service has brought a new business model to us and the former e-commerce couldn’t explain the current developing pattern completely. Therefore, this study is mainly discussing today’s business model of the applications, using the developers who offer free applications as our research subjects to conclude and try to make an arrangement. Furthermore, because the enormous commercial potential attracts many application developers to make large amount of input, which causes keen competition in the industry and also developing rapidly, all of these have made the firms don’t know what course to take. Consequently, this study uses the Ansoff Growth Path to investigate the developers who currently stand out conspicuously to make a conclusion and coordination. The results and recommendations that generate from this study can help the later developers to understand the direction for their expanding more thoroughly. Finally, we arrange our findings from this study as follow:

1. Although the applications seem to be diverse, yet their business models are largely identical but with minor differences. It’s not enough for just using business model and we need to collocate other strategies.
2. Most of paths in the Ansoff Growth Path are still sequencing，only few in it are going along the opposite direction.
3. The growth path has to collocate with the business model and the business model can help to achieve the growth path.
Our suggestions are as follow:
1. Use the existing demand in the society as a takeoff.
2. Build the relevant capacity to fit business models which are chosen.

一、 中文部分
1. 數位時代(2010)。風起雲湧 2010年台灣網站100強。數位時代190期
2. 數位時代(2010)。網路商業模式100。數位時代191期
3. 數位時代(2010)。7-ELEVEN的進化 雲端超商。數位時代192期
4. 數位時代(2010)。電子5哥的網路布局。數位時代193期
5. 數位時代(2010)。站在Facebook肩膀上賺錢。數位時代194期
6. 數位時代(2010)。趨勢100。數位時代195期
7. 數位時代(2010)。2010網路人氣賣家100強。數位時代196期
8. 數位時代(2010)。徹底搜密 Apple VS. Google創新戰略攻佔未來黃金5年。數位時代197期
9. 數位時代(2010)。我在雲端賺錢。數位時代198期
10. 數位時代(2010)。HTC寧靜封王。數位時代199期
11. 數位時代(2011)。網路創業家100。數位時代200期
12. 數位時代(2011)。秒殺的技術。數位時代201期
13. 數位時代(2011)。2011台灣網站100。數位時代202期
14. 數位時代(2011)。傳產王的數位再造。數位時代203期
15. 數位時代(2011)。競爭力3.0。數位時代204期
16. 數位時代(2011)。2011亞洲台灣中國科技一百強。數位時代205期
17. 數位時代(2011)。超強雲端工作術。數位時代206期
18. 數位時代(2011)。App指尖經濟。數位時代207期
19. 數位時代(2011)。雲端貨幣大未來。數位時代209期
20. 數位時代(2011)。2011台灣網路創業之星30強 一軍來了NEO STAR。數位時代210期
21. 數位時代(2011)。關鍵創新 翻轉世界 1%的力量。數位時代211期
22. 數位時代(2012)。越收費越忠誠的新獲利模式 付費經濟的王道。數位時代213期
23. 數位時代(2012)。數字煉金。數位時代214期
24. 數位時代(2012)。科技翻轉文創 搖滾新倫敦。數位時代217期
25. 數位時代(2012)。App崛起四堂課 LINE刺客出擊。數位時代218期
26. 數位時代(2012)。農業革命 新鮮科技。數位時代219期
27. 數位時代(2012)。2012人氣賣家100強。數位時代220期
28. 數位時代(2012)。向Apple Amazon學軟硬整合。數位時代221期
29. 數位時代(2012)。腦波先生楊士玉。數位時代222期
30. 司徒達賢(2005)。策略管理新論：觀念架構與分析方法。台北：智勝文化。
二、 英文部分
1. Ansoff, H. I. (1957). Strategies for diversification. Harvard business review, 35(5), 113-124.
2. Chesbrough, H. W. (2003). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology: Harvard Business Press.
3. Geoffrion, A. M., & Krishnan, R. (2003). E-business and management science: Mutual impacts (Part 1 of 2). Management Science, 49(10), 1275-1286.
4. Mendelson H. 2000. Organizational architecture and success in the information technology industry. Management Science 46: 513–529.
5. Normann, R. (2001). Reframing business: When the map changes the landscape: Wiley. com.
6. Petrovic, O., Kittl, C., & Teksten, R. (2001). Developing business models for ebusiness. Available at SSRN 1658505.
7. Zott, C., & Amit, R. (2008). The fit between product market strategy and business model: implications for firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 29(1), 1-26.
8. Zott, C., Amit, R., & Massa, L. (2011). The business model: recent developments and future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 1019-1042.
三、 網頁資料
1. cnYES鉅亨網 http://www.cnyes.com/
2. 維基百科 http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5
3. Gartner http://www.gartner.com/technology/home.jsp
4. 國家通訊傳播委員會 http://www.ncc.gov.tw/
5. App Annie http://www.appannie.com/top/#
6. App Shopper http://appshopper.com/
7. Distiom http://www.distimo.com/
8. DIGITIMES電子時報http://www.digitimes.com.tw/
9. LINE
http://www.nhncorp.com/nhnen/company/companyInfo.nhn
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/NHN
http://times.hinet.net/magazine/article/321/15215/8915882?next=2
http://www.nhncorp.com/nhnen/company/affiliateNbp.nhn
10. THIZ
http://www.app01.com.tw/forum_post_pro_view.php?no=37652
11. Piixin
http://blog.luedudu.com/2011/10/appworks-demo-day-3-team37.html
12. Square
http://big5.ce.cn/gate/big5/intl.ce.cn/sjjj/qy/201212/26/t20121226_23975859.shtml
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square,_Inc.
http://blog.sina.com.tw/piece2ec/article.php?pbgid=94687&entryid=630706
13. Wordpress
http://tw.wordpress.org/about/
14. Soundcloud
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoundCloud
http://techcrunch.com/2013/02/08/soundcloud-ceo-alex-ljung-on-building-a-startup-with-an-international-footprint-tctv/
http://www.theverge.com/2013/3/12/4090848/soundcloud-wants-to-be-the-twitter-of-music
https://soundcloud.com/imprint
http://www.techbang.com/posts/6502-cover-story-music-sharing-soundcloud-home
http://techorange.com/2011/10/20/is_soundcloud_the_next_youtube/
http://mag.udn.com/mag/digital/storypage.jsp?f_MAIN_ID=322&f_SUB_ID=2920&f_ART_ID=419538
15. Evernote
http://www.app01.com.tw/app_one.php?os=apple&no=704
http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/Evernote
16. 美圖貼貼
http://www.cyzone.cn/a/20130520/242023.html
http://www.cyzone.cn/hotword/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BE%E7%A7%80%E7%A7%80/
17. Kuapay
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2013/1/prweb10305548.htm
http://www.kuailiyu.com/article/51.html
http://markets.financialcontent.com/stocks/news/read/22879379/Kuapay_Mobile_Payments_Launches_at_Multiple_KFC/Taco_Bell_Locations
18. Instagram
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/08/instagram-apple-iphone-app-of-the-year_n_1138391.html
http://www.inside.com.tw/2010/10/13/instagram%EF%BC%9A%E4%B8%8A%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%B0%E5%8D%81%E5%A4%A9%E7%9E%AC%E9%96%93%E7%88%86%E7%B4%85%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E7%9B%B8%E7%89%87%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99
19. Pinterest
http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/KBlogArticle.aspx?id=1156
http://www.bnext.com.tw/article/view/cid/160/id/23203
20. Lifehack
http://fiveminute-hket.blogspot.tw/2007/08/41.html
http://the-sun.on.cc/cnt/lifestyle/20091002/00488_001.html
21. Stepcase
http://www.webwednesday.hk/2009/08/podcast-leon-ho-stepcase-lifehackorg.html
22. Bitsmedia
http://www.bitsmedia.com/
http://www.youngupstarts.com/2010/09/06/erwan-mace-and-bitsmedia-developing-mobile-applications-that-stick/