摘 要
大鳳蝶（ Papilio memnon F.﹚的受精卵係在溫度28±2℃﹐相對濕度75-8
0%﹐光照16小時下的步入式植物生長箱內﹐經90.90±0.34小時孵化成一齡
幼蟲﹐幼蟲以橘子葉飼養﹐幼蟲共分五齡﹐其齡期分別是一齡為109.30±0
.54小時﹐二齡為85.50±0.36小時﹐三齡為86.50±0.53小時﹐四齡為90.5
0±0.55小時﹐及五齡為135.08±0.63小時。前蛹期21.40±0.26小時﹐蛹
為4 75.70±3.73小時。計卵至蛹羽化約需46天。各齡幼蟲的頭殼寬度和齡
期成正相關。橘子葉以甲醇萃取﹐用來誘導雌的大鳳蝶產卵﹐可從橘子葉
萃取液中分離出一種產卵誘導物﹐經HPLC比對擬為Hesperidin；如以Hesp-
eridin單獨誘導大鳳蝶產卵時沒有活性﹐但和其它橘子葉萃取物質混合時
﹐可增強大鳳蝶誘導的產卵反應。大鳳蝶卵主要產在橘子葉的背面﹐而在
實驗室則可產在濾紙背面及箱壁；其產卵反應和橘子葉散發的味道及產卵
位置的顏色沒有直接關係。且受精的大鳳蝶比沒有受精的大鳳蝶在產卵數
目有顯著差別。將橘子葉各分層液滴於濾紙上﹐對大鳳蝶一齡幼蟲作攝食
誘導﹐發現沒有咬食的情形﹐說明橘子葉各分層液對大鳳蝶一齡幼蟲沒有
攝食誘導作用。

Oviposition stimulants and life cycle of swallowtail butterfly
(Papilio memnon F.) Eggs of the swallowtail butterfly (Papilio
memnon F.) were collected from the filter paper and were placed
in the growth chamber with 28±2℃,75-80%RH.LD.16:8photoperiod.
The hatching larvae were reared with the Citrus leaf.The results
indicated that the duration for egg stage was 90.90±0.34(n=56)
hours.The duration of five instars were 109.30±0.54(n=56),85.50
±0.36(n=56),86.50±0.53(n=53),90.50±0.55(n=50)and 135.08±0.63
(n=41) hours,respectively.The prepupal stage took 21.40±0.26
hours (n=39) and pupal stage took 475.70 ±3.73 hours (n=39).It
took 1094.80±6.99 hours to complete egg stage to pupae stage.
The width of head capsule and each instar forms have linear rela-
tion.Methanol extracts of fresh leaves of Citrus plants induce
oviposition behavior by female of the Citrus-feeding swallowtail
butterfly,Papilio memnon F.,One of the oviposition stimulants
was isolatied from an extract citrus plants and identified as
hesperidin.The compound was inactive alone,but elicited oviposi
tion behavior when mixed with another compounds which has not yet
been identified.Most of the eggs are laid on the under surfaces
of the leaf.The Citrus spp. plants colors, odors have no relation
for oviposition behavior. Mated female laid most eggs than virgin
females.
Oviposition stimulants and life cycle of swallowtail butterfly