蠶絲絹是東方特有材質，自古以來便廣泛使用在繪畫、書法以及生活記事上歷經數千年的歷史。蠶絲主要由外層絲膠蛋白（20-30%）及內層絲蛋白（70-80%）兩種蛋白質所構成。古代以蠶絲為原料，用特殊的平紋編織方式，可以得到質地細膩、平整的蠶絲畫絹。亞洲大部分地區如中國及日本，許多出土的或是館藏的絹帛字畫文物，由於年代久遠，蠶絲絹也會隨著不同年代呈現老化現象。這些由於年代久遠所造成的破損或自然老朽問題，是現今進行保存或修復時的重要課題。
目前，在文物保存修復專業中，為稟持「安全性、歷史性」的修復原則，書畫修復師要進行古字畫修復時，必須選擇機械性質及色調差異較少的人造劣化絹來做填補。然而理想的劣化絹往往難以取得，以日本為例，現行的劣化絲絹的製造方法大多是採用γ射線，但此方法容易造成絲絹表面受損，使得修復時會發生不易全色的問題。人造劣化絹在日本文物修復領域很早就開始被重視及發展，為了修補古字畫並且避免修補用的現代絲絹過度受損，分別發展出了電子射線、紫外光，來製造人造劣化絹作為修補材料之用。雖然紫外光照射法比較不容易造成過度受損，但這方法容需要長時間曝曬，且易造成絲絹表面顏色過於黃化，事後還要再用過氧化氫漂白，反而造成不必要的化學試劑殘留問題。
本研究嘗試探討另項人造劣化絹的製造方法，來比較絲絹的劣化程度，藉以開發人工劣化絹的製造方法，且盡量都將實驗時間控制在10天左右。實驗結果發現，各種劣化的方法中，溫度的控制是影響其對絲絹劣化的重要關鍵。本實驗所製備出之人工劣化絲絹樣品在進行劣化的前後，分別使用分光色差儀、拉曼光譜儀、掃描式電子顯微鏡及拉伸測試機，進行科學數據的測量。並成功發現利用本篇之方法所開發之劣化絹，劣化前後有明顯的拉曼光譜圖差異。劣化絲絹與新絹的分光色差儀測量到的結果ΔCIE_L = -2.83、ΔCIE_A = 0.54、ΔCIE_B = 9.25、ΔCIE_E = 6.8296。這些都可作為製作改進人造劣化絹的重要參考依據。

Silk is the special material in Asian paintings. It has been used in such as painting、calligraphy and record for more than thousands of years. The mainly components of silk are two different types of proteins, inner layer silk fibroin (70-80%) and outer layer sericin (20-30%). Most of the silk of unearthed and collected relics discovered in Asian area such as China and Japan would appear nature aging phenomenon as time goes on. Problems of damage or aging of relics with age would be a very important issue in conservation and restoration. In the conservation field nowadays, when painting conservators conduct the silk conservation case, they must pick the artificial aging silk with the most similar mechanical properties and color compared with the original one to do the restoration in order to stick to the conservation principle of safety and history. However, the ideal aging silk is difficult to get. Take Japan for example, the production of artificial aging silk mainly use γ radiation but this method would cause the surface of silk be damaged very easily and that would be more difficult for conservator to retouch, too. We try to research another way to produce artificial aging silks by comparing the degree of aging silk for the sake of developing a new method of artificial aging silks production. The time we spent on all experimental conditions is controlled in 10 days. Finally, we found that temperature is the major condition for aging silks. SEM、colormeter、Raman spectra and tensile test were used to compare the consequences after experiments . And we also found the Raman spectra has significant signal difference and the colormeter data of the best artificial aging silk is ΔCIE_L = -2.83、ΔCIE_A = 0.54、ΔCIE_B = 9.25、ΔCIE_E = 6.8296. All of these results can be important data of improving artificial aging silks production.

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