本研究旨在發展與建構虛擬團隊之關鍵成功因素，以做為個人或企業欲推動虛擬團隊之參考。為達到此目的，本研究採文獻探討、專家訪談及徳菲法問卷調查等研究方法。研究者首先蒐集相關文獻進行分析探討，初擬「虛擬團隊關鍵成功因素」問卷，經由專家訪談修正問卷以做為三次德菲法問卷調查之研究工具，並根據「本身即為（曾為）虛擬團隊成員之一」或「對虛擬團隊議題有深入專業背景及實務經驗之專家」等二項標準選取本研究15位專家小組成員。研究結論之關鍵成功構面有五大項如下：（1）在人格特質構面的關鍵因素為「主動性」與「責任感」；（2）個人能力構面最重要的因素為「目標管理能力」、「表達與溝通協調的能力」與「工作效率/時間管理能力」；（3）在合作與互動構面的關鍵因素為「能夠坦率地分享資訊」、「對於團隊具有強烈的歸屬感」和「能夠互相幫助與支援」；（4）在協調架構方面最重要的因素為「團隊應明確定出共同的目標」、「團隊需規劃共同的團隊策略與願景」與「決策的方式」；（5）最後「電子郵件」不僅為虛擬團隊最重要的關鍵因素也是使用頻率最高的溝通媒介。

The purpose of this study was to explore the key success factors for virtual team. According to the results of this study, we provide suggestions to an individual or enterprise for their reference to the future planning of virtual team. There were three methods used in this study: literature review, discussion with experts, and Delphi questionnaires. The questionnaire was drafted after literature review and modified by experts. The three times modified questionnaire was mailed to the Delphi expert group which is composed of fifteen experts who is a virtual team member or who is very knowledgeable on virtual team. According to the analysis results, it is found that the five effective key success factors are : (1) the key factors on the dimension of personality are “activity” and “responsibility” ; (2) “objective management”, “communicate” and “work efficiency/time management” are the most important factors on the dimension of capability ; (3) the key factors on the dimension of interaction are “unselfish knowledge sharing”, “a strong sense of belonging” and “support and back up to each other”; (4) setting the common “goal”, “tactic and vision” and “making the decision” are the most important factors on the dimension of collaboration ; (5) “E-mail” is not only most important tool but also high utility rate of communicate medium.

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