研究生: |
施絜玉 SHIH, Jye-Yuh |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
探討退休族群辦理以房養老之因素分析 Factor Analysis of Retirement Communities' Implementation for Reverse Mortgage Program |
指導教授: |
施人英
Shih, Jen-Ying |
口試委員: |
陳文華
Chen, Wun-Hwa 周世玉 Chou, Shih-Yu 施人英 Shih, Jen-Ying |
口試日期: | 2024/05/06 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
高階經理人企業管理碩士在職專班(EMBA) Executive Master of Business Administration |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 44 |
中文關鍵詞: | 以房養老 、在宅老化 、高齡化 |
英文關鍵詞: | Reverse Mortgage Program, aging in place, population aging |
研究方法: | 次級資料分析 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202400492 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:69 下載:9 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
有鑑於我國正面臨高齡化及少子化人口結構的快速改變,2025年將正式邁入超高齡社會,也就是說65歲以上人口占比將超過20% (468萬人),預估2039年65歲以上人口占比超過30% (668萬人),在物價、房價雙漲的趨勢下,衡量所得分配的吉尼係數亦日漸增加,透露出國人所得分配不均加劇。而隨著老人年金延後給付,產生退休族收入的缺口,同時面臨生活所需的支出費用日漸增加,因此本研究藉由敘述性統計、相關性分析、迴歸分析等,探討經濟面、消費面、房價趨勢面、人口結構面、勞動面及所得分配面等六項總體經濟指標變動,對退休族群辦理以房養老意願之影響,亦就是退休族群在面臨萬物皆漲、所得分配日益不均及扶老比增加的情況下,是否增加以房養老的需求,以提高穩定收入來源,並期能了解總體經濟變化對以房養老推行之顯著特性,補足我國逆向抵押貸款與總體經濟關係之研究缺口,進而對政府及金融機構推動以房養老政策有所助益。
依據內政部最新統計,112年6月底65歲以上長者住宅數達到71.56萬宅,而透過以房養老的方式可將不動產活化轉換成年金方式增加年長者的收入來源,也能享有以房養老在宅老化的優點,提高長者退休生活品質。綜上,以退休族群辦理以房養老SWOT分析及以申請者、金融業及政府三方面提出建議。
總體而言,政策的積極引導和金融機構的持續推動是以房養老成功推行的基礎,在高齡化的人口結構下,整體經濟環境的改變對高齡長者衝擊甚大,高齡物價壓力愈來愈大,年金制度仍屬不足,如何使長者能够更好地享受優質晚年生活維持財務穩定以降低政府的財政負擔,讓老者安之,是政策及金融機構持續努力的方向。
Given that our country is facing rapid changes in population structure due to aging and declining birth rates, 2025 will officially mark the transition to an ultra-aged society, with the proportion of people aged 65 and above exceeding 20% (4.68 million people). It is estimated that by 2039, the proportion of people aged 65 and above will exceed 30% (6.68 million people). Against the backdrop of rising prices and housing costs, the Gini coefficient measuring income distribution is also increasing, indicating worsening income inequality among the population. With the delay in pension payments for the elderly and increasing living expenses, there is a gap in retirement income, leading to a need for increased income sources among retirees.
Therefore, this study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis, etc., to explore the impact of changes in six macroeconomic indicators—economic, consumption, housing price trends, population structure, labor, and income distribution—on the willingness of retirees to engage in reverse mortgage for elderly care. Specifically, it investigates whether, in the face of rising costs, worsening income distribution, and increasing elderly dependency ratios, there is a growing demand for reverse mortgage among retirees as a means to stabilize income sources. The study also aims to understand the significant characteristics of macroeconomic changes on the implementation of reverse mortgage, filling the research gap on the relationship between reverse mortgage and macroeconomics, and providing insights beneficial to the government and financial institutions in promoting reverse mortgage policies.
According to the latest statistics from the Ministry of the Interior, as of June 2023, there were 715,600 residential units occupied by people aged 65 and above. Through the implementation of reverse mortgage, real estate can be activated and converted into annuities to increase income sources for the elderly, while enjoying the benefits of aging in place provided by reverse mortgage, thus enhancing the quality of life for retirees. In conclusion, a SWOT analysis of reverse mortgage for retirees is conducted, and recommendations are provided for applicants, financial institutions, and the government.
Overall, proactive policy guidance and continuous promotion by financial institutions are the foundation for the successful implementation of reverse mortgage. Under an aging population structure, changes in the overall economic environment have a significant impact on the elderly, with increasing pressure from elderly living expenses and an inadequate pension system. Thus, efforts should be focused on enabling the elderly to enjoy a better quality of life in their later years, maintaining financial stability, and reducing the government's financial burden. This requires continued efforts from both policy and financial institutions.
一、中文部份
(1) 林左裕、楊博翔(2011)。逆向房屋抵押貸款在臺灣推行之需求分析。住宅學報,20(1),109-125。
(2) 林左裕、徐士勛(2011)。逆向房貸與退休族群消費及經濟成長間關係之探討。應用經濟論壇,112,85-123。
(3) 劉莉莉、廖崇凱(2014)。不動產逆向抵押貸款可行性分析。蘭陽學報,13,55-66。
(4) 曾明宗、林左裕(2017)。影響金融業辦理逆向抵押貸款因素之研究。土地問題研究季刊,16(2),2-26。
(5) 林左裕(2010)。不動產投資管理。第四版,智勝文化。
(6) 張金鶚(2009)。臺灣以房養老三方案模式提議。以房養老逆向抵押貸款方案研討會,台北市,臺灣。
(7) 臺灣金融研訓院(2010)。人口老化趨勢與銀行業務發展-逆向型房屋抵押貸款之策略。研究報告,36。
(8) 林左裕(2009)。逆向房屋抵押貸款在台推行之可行性研究。中華民國住宅學會、政大臺灣房地產研究中心、經濟日報。
(9) 鍾俊文(2007)。人口轉變對總體經濟與金融市場的影響。中央銀行季刊,29(1),61-66。
(10)曾明宗(2015)。影響金融業辦理逆向抵押貸款因素之研究。國立政治大學地政學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
(11)林士棋、王超弘(2018)。探討商業型以房養老貸款的成功因素。科際整合管理研討會,20,404-417。
(12)張博欽(2015)。人口變遷對金融融資之影響-以「以房養老」為例。臺灣經濟研究月刊,38(1),26-31。
(13)王建民(2012)。逆向抵押貸款-以房養老政策的問題及對策。財團法人國家政策研究基金會。
(14)謝明瑞(2010)。逆向抵押貸款對金融產業之機會與風險。臺灣綜合研究院財金產經論壇講座,台北市,台灣。
(15)王曉慧(2013)。探討逆向抵押貸款在臺灣實施的關鍵成功因素。東吳大學企業管理學系碩士在職專班碩士論文。
(16)王綉蘭(2012)。臺灣地區推行以房養老方案評估研究。清華大學高階經營管理碩士在職專班碩士論文。