簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 陳其玉
Chen, Chi-Yu
論文名稱: 新產品設計能力之量表發展
A Scale Development of New Product Design Capability
指導教授: 吳彥濬
Wu, Yen-Chun
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 全球經營與策略研究所
Graduate Institute of Global Business and Strategy
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 61
中文關鍵詞: 新產品設計量表發展
英文關鍵詞: New product design, Scale development
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202000904
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:275下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究之目的是開發一個評估新產品設計能力的量表,該量表包含兩個構面
    :軟實力和硬實力。在這兩個構面中,有九個構念,分別是繪圖能力,軟體能力,建模能力,工程和製造概念,商學和行銷概念,色彩,職業道德,環保意識和解決問題的能力。新產品設計能力量表之發展是透過文獻探討發展題項,透過項目分析,探索式因素分析和驗證性因素分析進行修整。新產品設計能力量表是以六點李克特量表進行施測。前測有103個有效樣本,後測有380個有效樣本。經過前測的數據分析後,產生了五個因素,分別是製圖能力,商學和行銷概念,團隊合作,環保意識和挑戰性。在後測的數據分析中,五個因素共22道題項進行驗證因素分析。有一個因子因素負荷量小於0.5,必須將其刪除,剩下21道題項再次進行驗證性因素分析。結果顯示,該模型的整體配適度良好。每道題項都有各自的可靠性和收斂性。研究最後,提出結論和建議。

    The purpose of this study is to develop a scale evaluating new product design capability, which composes two dimensions: soft skills and hard skills. In the two dimensions, there are nine constructs, which are graphic ability, software proficiency, modeling ability, engineering and manufacturing, business and marketing, color, work ethics, environmental awareness, and problem-solving. The new product design capability scale applies a questionnaire with items created via literature review, trimmed via analysis of item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The new product design capability scale is a 6-point Likert scale. The sample of the pre-test consist of 103 participants and 380 participants took the post-test. After pre-test data analysis, there are five factors base on the origin constructs, which are drafting ability, business and marketing, collaboration, environmental awareness, and challenge. In the post-test data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted 22 items into five factors. There is one factor loading smaller than 0.05 then removed the item. There are 21 items proceeded confirmatory factor analysis again. The result showed that the overall fitness of this model is good. Each item has individual reliability and convergent validity. At the end of the study, conclusions and recommendations are addressed.

    List of Figures iv List of Tables v 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Background 1 1.2. Research motivation and purpose 2 1.3. Research process and structure 3 2. Theoretical background and literature review 4 2.1. New product design 4 2.2. The new product design process 4 2.3. New product design capability 6 2.4. Indicators of new product design capability 7 2.5. Design thinking 10 2.5.1. Key Characteristics of Design Thinker 11 3. Research method 15 3.1. Scale development 15 3.2. Define the construct 17 3.2.1. Soft skills 17 3.2.2. Hard skills 17 3.2.3. Summary 17 3.3. Generate items 19 3.3.1. Soft skills items pool 19 3.3.2. Hard skills items pool 21 3.4. Pre-test 23 3.5. Post-test 23 4. Data analysis 25 4.1 Pre-test 25 4.1.1. Items analysis 25 4.1.2. Exploratory factor analysis 32 4.1.3. Reliability analysis 34 4.2. Post-test 36 4.2.1. Descriptive statistics 36 4.2.2. Item analysis 36 4.2.3. Confirmatory factor analysis 42 4.2.4. Test reliability and validity 45 5. Conclusion and recommendation 52 Appendix 54 References 55

    Abell, A., & DeVore, K. (2017). Embracing ambiguity: A framework for promoting iterative design thinking approaches in engineering and design curricula. Paper presented at the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition, Columbus, Ohio.

    Abell, N., Springer, D. W., & Kamata, A. (2009). Developing and Validating Rapid Assessment Instruments. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Adams, R. S., Turns, J., & Atman, C. J. (2003). Educating effective engineering designers: the role of reflective practice. Design Studies, 24(3), 275-294. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-694X(02)00056-X

    Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the Evaluation of Structure Equation Models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. doi:10.1007/BF02723327

    Benson, J., & Dresdow, S. (2015). Design for Thinking: Engagement in an Innovation Project. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 13(3), 377-410.

    Bhuiyan, N. (2011). A Framework for successful new product development. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 4(4), 746-770. doi:10.3926/jiem.334

    Bicen, P., & Johnson, W. H. A. (2015). Radical Innovation with Limited Resources in High‐Turbulent Markets: The Role of Lean Innovation Capability. creativity and innovation management, 24(2), 278-299.

    Bloch, P. H. (1995). Seeking the Ideal Form: Product Design and Consumer Response. Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 16-29. doi:10.1177/002224299505900302

    Body, J. (2008). Design in the Australian Taxation Office. Design Issues, 24(1), 55-67. doi:10.1162/desi.2008.24.1.55

    Boland J, Richard J, & Collopy, F. (2004). Design matters for management. Stanford: Stanford Business Books.

    Boni, A. A., Weingart, L. R., & Evenson, S. (2009). Innovation in an Academic Setting: Designing and Leading a Business Through Market-Focused, Interdisciplinary Teams. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 8(3), 407-417. doi:10.5465/AMLE.2009.44287939

    Bora, B. (2015). The essence of soft skills. International Journal of Innovative Research and Practices, 3(12), 7-22.

    Bronet, F., Eglash, R., Gabriele, G. A., Hess, D. J., & Kagan, L. (2003). Product Design and Innovation: Evolution of an Interdisciplinary Design Curriculum*.

    Brown, J. N. (1989). Why Do Wages Increase with Tenure? On-the-Job Training and Life-Cycle Wage Growth Observed within Firms. The American Economic Review, 79(5), 971-991.

    Brown, T. (2008). Design Thinking. Harvard Business Review, 86(6), 84-92.

    Brown, T. (2009). Change by design: How design thinking transforms organizations and inspires innovation. New York: Harper Business.

    Brown, T., & Wyatt, J. (2010). Design Thinking for Social Innovation. Development Outreach, 12(1), 29-43. doi:10.1596/1020-797X_12_1_29

    Chang, W., & Taylor, S. A. (2016). The Effectiveness of Customer Participation in New Product Development: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Marketing, 80(1), 47-64. doi:10.1509/jm.14.0057

    Cheng, J. (2018). Product Design Process and Methods. London: IntechOpen.

    Chesson, D. (2017). Design Thinker Profile: Creating and Validating a Scale for Measuring Design Thinking Capabilities. (PhD), Antioch University Retrieved from https://aura.antioch.edu/etds/388 (388)

    Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (2016). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.

    Cooper, R. G. (2019). The drivers of success in new-product development. Industrial Marketing Management, 76, 36-47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.07.005

    Cross, N. (1990). The nature and nurture of design ability. Design Studies, 11(3), 127-140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-694X(90)90002-T

    Cross, N. (2006). Designerly Ways of Knowing. In N. Cross (Ed.), Designerly Ways of Knowing (pp. 1-13). London: Springer London.

    Cross, N., & Roy, R. (1989). Engineering design methods (Vol. 4): Wiley New York.

    DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale development: Theory and applications (Vol. 26): Sage publications.

    Du, J., Jing, S., & Liu, J. (2012). Creating shared design thinking process for collaborative design. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 35(1), 111-120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2011.02.014

    Dunne, D., & Martin, R. (2006). Design thinking and how it will change management education: An interview and discussion. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 5(4), 512-523. doi:10.5465/AMLE.2006.23473212

    Dziobczenski, P. R. N., Person, O., & Meriläinen, S. (2018). Designing Career Paths in Graphic Design: A Document Analysis of Job Advertisements for Graphic Design Positions in Finland. The Design Journal, 21(3), 349-370. doi:10.1080/14606925.2018.1444874

    Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. doi:10.2307/3151312

    Fraser, H. M. A. (2007). The practice of breakthrough strategies by design. Journal of Business Strategy, 28(4), 66-74.

    Gale, A. J., Duffey, M. A., Park‐Gates, S., & Peek, P. F. (2017). Soft Skills versus Hard Skills: Practitioners' Perspectives on Interior Design Interns. Journal of Interior Design, 42(4), 45-63.

    Gemser, G., & Leenders, M. A. A. M. (2001). How integrating industrial design in the product development process impacts on company performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18(1), 28-38.

    Goldschmidt, G. (1994). On visual design thinking: the vis kids of architecture. Design Studies, 15(2), 158-174. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-694X(94)90022-1

    Grinyer, C. (2011). New Challenges for Product Design: The Product of Design. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(4), 14-21.

    Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River: NJ: Prentice hall.

    Hamid, M., Hasan, Z., Nordin, M., Kamin, Y., Atan, N., & Suhairom, N. (2019). Generic Green Skills in Teaching and Learning: Meaning and Implementation. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(12A), 121-126. doi:10.13189/ujer.2019.071915

    Hauser, J., Tellis, G. J., & Griffin, A. (2006). Research on innovation: A review and agenda for marketing science. Marketing Science, 25(6), 687-717.

    Hendarman, A. F., & Tjakraatmadja, J. H. (2012). Relationship among Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Innovativeness of Knowledge Workers in the Knowledge Economy Era. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 52, 35-44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.439

    Henriksen, D., Richardson, C., & Mehta, R. (2017). Design thinking: A creative approach to educational problems of practice. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 26, 140-153. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.10.001

    Homburg, C., Schwemmle, M., & Kuehnl, C. (2015). New Product Design: Concept, Measurement, and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 79(3), 41-56. doi:10.1509/jm.14.0199

    Hossain, M. S., & Iqbal, M. (2012). The Trends of Environment Friendly Product Design in Bangladesh. SUST Journal of Science and Technology, 19(5), 80-86.

    Hu, L. t., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118

    Ingram, J. (1997). Reviewed work: The design agenda: A guide to successful design management [The Design Agenda: A Guide to Successful Design Management, Rachel Cooper, Mike Press]. Design Issues, 13(2), 82-83. doi:10.2307/1511736

    Junginger, S. (2007). Learning to design: giving purpose to heart, hand and mind. Journal of Business Strategy, 28(4), 59-65.

    Kelley, T., & Littman, J. (2001). The art of innovation: Lessons in creativity from IDEO, America's leading design firm (Vol. 10): Broadway Business.

    Kemnitzer, J. (2001). Passing through the Gateway of Creativity: Becoming an Industrial Designer. Technology Teacher, 61(2), 23.

    Kohli, R., & Krishnamurti, R. (1987). A heuristic approach to product design. Management Science, 33(12), 1523-1533.

    Kolko, J. (2015). Design thinking comes of age. Harvard Business Review, 93(9), 66-71.

    Kotler, P., & Alexander Rath, G. (1984). Design: A Powerful but Neglected Strategic Tool. Journal of Business Strategy, 5(2), 16-21. doi:10.1108/eb039054

    Lee, Y.-L., Tsai, F. C., Liu, S.-F., & Hsu, Y.-C. (2016). A scale development of industrial designer ability index through quality function deployment and grey relational analysis methods. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(12), 1687814016682202. doi:10.1177/1687814016682202

    Liedtka, J., & Ogilvie, T. (2011). Designing for growth: A design thinking tool kit for managers: Columbia University Press.

    Lippincott, J. G. (1945). Industrial design as a profession. College Art Journal, 4(3), 149-152.

    Loukidou, L., Loan‐Clarke, J., & Daniels, K. (2009). Boredom in the workplace: More than monotonous tasks. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(4), 381-405.

    Martin, R. (2007). The opposable mind: How successful leaders win through integrative thinking: Harvard Business Press.

    Mayer, J. D., & Geher, G. (1996). Emotional intelligence and the identification of emotion. Intelligence, 22(2), 89-113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2896(96)90011-2

    Murphy, K. R. (1989). Is the Relationship Between Cognitive Ability and Job Performance Stable Over Time? Human Performance, 2(3), 183-200. doi:10.1207/s15327043hup0203_3

    Neumeier, M. (2008). The Designful Company. Design management review, 19(2), 10-15.

    Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2013). Does longer job tenure help or hinder job performance? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 305-314. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.06.012

    Noble, C. H., & Kumar, M. (2010). Exploring the Appeal of Product Design: A Grounded, Value‐Based Model of Key Design Elements and Relationships. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27(5).

    Nurfaidah, S. (2018). Three attitudes of a reflective teacher. Research and Innovation in Language Learning, 1(1), 39-48.

    Owen, C. (2005). Design Thinking. What It Is. Why It Is Different. Where It Has New Value. Paper presented at the Design Research and Education for the Future.

    Owen, C. (2006). Design thinking: Notes on its nature and use. Design Research Quarterly, 2(1), 16-27.

    Patacsi, F. F., & Tablatin, C. L. S. (2017). Exploring the importance of soft and hard skills as perceived by IT internship students and industry: A gap analysis. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 7(3), 347-368.

    Prabaharan, M. (2012). Green Design Framework for New Product Development. International Journal of Modeling and Optimization, 2(3), 245-249. doi:10.7763/IJMO.2012.V2.120

    Razzouk, R., & Shute, V. (2012). What Is Design Thinking and Why Is It Important? Review of Educational Research, 82(3), 330-348. doi:10.3102/0034654312457429

    Reeder, K. J., Bishop, M. J., Funk, R. L., Kaufman, J. C., & Middleton, D. O. (2001). An Overview of the Industrial Design Curriculum. Technology Teacher, 60(8), 21.

    Robinson, P., Stimpson, D., Huefner, J., & Hunt, H. (1991). An Attitude Approach to the Prediction of Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 15, 13-31.

    Rohde, G. (1941). Aptitudes and Training for Industrial Design. Parnassus, 13(2), 60-64. doi:10.1080/15436314.1941.10794854

    Ruth, D. (2012). Reviewed work: The design of business: Why design thinking is the next competitive [The Design of Business: Why Design Thinking Is the Next Competitive Edge, Roger Martin]. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(2), 315-318.

    Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211. doi:10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG

    Schippers, M. C., West, M. A., & Dawson, J. F. (2012). Team Reflexivity and Innovation: The Moderating Role of Team Context. Journal of Management, 41(3), 769-788. doi:10.1177/0149206312441210

    Shah, J. J., Smith, S. M., & Woodward, J. (2009). Development of standardized tests for design skills. DS 58-10: Proceedings of ICED 09, the 17th International Conference on Engineering Design, 10, 269-280.

    Sicherman, N., & Galor, O. (1990). A Theory of Career Mobility. Journal of Political Economy, 98(1), 169-192.

    Simons, T., Gupta, A., & Buchanan, M. (2011). Innovation in R&D: Using design thinking to develop new models of inventiveness, productivity and collaboration. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 17(4), 301-307. doi:10.1057/jcb.2011.25

    Song, Y. (2013). The influence of quality management on new product development capability. International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering, 43-46.

    Stockstrom, C., & Herstatt, C. (2008). Planning and uncertainty in new product development. R&D Management, 38(5), 480-490.

    Swan, K. S., Kotabe, M., & Allred, B. B. (2005). Exploring Robust Design Capabilities, Their Role in CreatingGlobal Products, and Their Relationship to Firm Performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(2), 144-164.

    Takesue, T. (2000, 21-23 Sept. 2000). Expanding industrial designers' abilities for IT era. Paper presented at the Proceedings 2000 International Workshop on Autonomous Decentralized System (Cat. No.00EX449).

    Tang, T. J. (2012). Scale development and SPSS. Taiwan: Wu-Nan Culture Enterprise.

    Tschimmel, K. (2012). Design Thinking as an effective Toolkit for Innovation. Paper presented at the ISPIM Conference Proceedings.

    Ulrich, K. T., & Eppinger, S. D. (2007). Product design and development (5 ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

    Vaidya, S., Ambad, P., & Bhosle, S. (2018). Industry 4.0 – A Glimpse. Procedia Manufacturing, 20, 233-238.

    Vande Zande, R., Warnock, L., Nikoomanesh, B., & Van Dexter, K. (2014). The Design Process in the Art Classroom: Building Problem-Solving Skills for Life and Careers. Art Education, 67(6), 20-27. doi:10.1080/00043125.2014.11519294

    Welsh, M., & Dehler, G. (2013). Combining Critical Reflection and Design Thinking to Develop Integrative Learners. Journal of Management Education, 37, 771-802.

    Yuan, K. H., & Bentler, P. M. (2000). Three Likelihood‐Based Methods For Mean and Covariance Structure Analysis With Nonnormal Missing Data. Social Methodology, 30(1), 165-200.

    Zupan, B., Stritar, R., & Nabergoj, A. S. (2014). Design thinking as a course design methodology. In Economic and social development: 8th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social Development and 4th Eastern European ESD Conference: Building Resilient Economy. Book of proceedings (pp. 465-476): Varazdin Development and Entrepreneurship Agency.

    無法下載圖示 本全文未授權公開
    QR CODE