研究生: |
吳心喆 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
民主價值、理性計算與蒙古民主的正當性 |
指導教授: |
朱雲漢
Chu, Yun-Han 張佑宗 Chang, Yu-Tzung |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
政治學研究所 Graduate Institute of Political Science |
論文出版年: | 2006 |
畢業學年度: | 94 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 147 |
中文關鍵詞: | 民主價值 、理性計算 、民主正當性 、對民主原則的支持 、民主鞏固 |
英文關鍵詞: | Democratic Value, Rational calculus, Democratic Legitimacy, Support for democracy as a principle, Democratic consolidation |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:314 下載:20 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
政府之正當權力,是經被治理者的同意而產生的。新興民主化國家是否能邁向民主鞏固的關鍵,不應只從以往政治菁英的策略互動、政治制度的選擇與社會衝突結構的研究角度,來探討第三波民主化國家民主鞏固的問題,除了政治菁英對民主程序要具有共識,以及如何設計妥善與可行的憲政體制外,人民對民主制度的認知、評價與感情等等的價值取向,直接影響民主政治的運作與功能。第三波民主化國家的社會大眾需要重新進行社會化的過程,人民對於民主體制的支持應該是原則性的,是與個人的信念體系相合的,不會輕易受到外在環境的劇烈變動而動搖。這樣才能支持或推動「由下而上」民主深化的改革。
蒙古是全球第二個社會(共產)主義國家,從1990年以來,民主轉型至今十六年,也是亞洲唯一前共黨國家轉形成民主國家的成功案例。蒙古轉型前並不具有實施民主的經驗,在民主轉型前也不具有活潑的公民社會,本文研究結果指出,蒙古民眾對於民主原則的支持,是基於民主價值,而非基於政治、經濟表現,此一結果顯示蒙古民眾認為,政治、經濟表現的好壞所形成的理性計算,並不會影響其對於民主制度的支持,民眾若認為民主政體表現不佳時,仍會認為民主體制是最好的體制,民眾可以透過選舉來更換政府,而非更換政府體制。但蒙古仍亟需深化該國的民主,若蒙古民眾對於民主的認知,無法再進一步的提昇,則會阻礙蒙古民主的發展。
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(三)資料說明
2003 East Asia Barometer Survey in Mongolia:
本文的研究資料來自於亞洲民主動態調查於2003年釋出的蒙古調查資料,再經由作者將資料重新編碼,分類,並透過SPSS進行統計分析。亞洲民主動態調查(The Asian Barometer (ABS)),目前總部設在台灣,由台大政治系和中央研究院共同運作。其前身是「東亞民主化與價值變遷:比較調查研究」(East Asia Barometer: A Comparative Survey of Democratization and Value Change),其後整合為「東亞民主動態調查」(East Asia Barometer Survey)。第一波比較調查研究涵蓋的範圍包括日本、韓國、台灣、蒙古、中國大陸、香港、菲律賓、與泰國。「東亞民主動態調查」於2003年12月與「南亞民主現況調查」整合為「亞洲民主動態調查」,以「民主、治理與發展」作為這個跨國合作研究團隊的核心議題。
第一波比較調查研究中的蒙古於2002年10月至11月進行調查,除了臺灣方面的團隊協助外,其蒙古方面研究團隊包括Gamba Ganbat(Political Education Academy)和Tsetsenbileg Tseveen(Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law, Mongolian Academy of Science Ulan-Bator),調查資料於2003年完成資料統整。資料說明,請參見本文第54-55頁。