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研究生: 梁秉義
Ping-Yi Liang
論文名稱: 花蓮縣多元就業開發方案勞工失業經驗、族群 與健康生活型態相關研究
The Association of Unemployment Experience、Ethnicity and Health Lifestyle among Labors of the Multi-Employment Promotion Program in Hualien County
指導教授: 陳政友
Chen, Cheng-Yu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 健康促進與衛生教育學系
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 141
中文關鍵詞: 失業多元就業開發方案原住民健康生活型態職場健康促進
英文關鍵詞: aborigines, healthy lifestyle, Multi-Employment Promotion Program, unemployment, worksite heath promotion
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:221下載:28
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  • 本研究主要目的在了解勞工失業經驗、族群與健康生活型態之關係,以作為職場健康促進推動之參考。研究採自填式結構問卷,以勞動部勞動力發展署2014年多元就業方案花蓮縣機構現職勞工為母群體,經分層隨機抽樣方式,共得有效樣本217份。本研究重要結果如下:
    一、 研究對象「五年內失業次數」平均為1.2次、「前一次失業累積月份」平均為4.06月、健康生活型態各分量表單題平均值以「人際支持」表現最佳,而「健康責任」表現最差。
    二、 經單因子多變量變異數分析,「健康生活型態」整體表現與「族群」有關;漢族在「健康責任」、「人際支持」、「運動」、「壓力處理」等表現皆優於原住民族。
    三、 經典型相關分析,「健康生活型態」整體表現與「年齡」、「五年內失業經驗次數」有關。「年齡」越高者,其「營養」表現也越佳;「五年內失業經驗次數」越高者,其「健康責任」、「運動」、「營養」、「自我實現」、「壓力處理」等表現卻越差。
    四、 經結構方程模式分析,「背景變項、「失業經驗」及「族群」可解釋「健康生活型態」總變異量21.2%,其中以「失業經驗」及「族群」為主要預測變項;各分項影響效果值中,最高的二項依序為「壓力處理」及「運動」,最低的二項依序為「人際支持」及「營養」;研究結果顯示為原住民族者、五年內失業經驗次數越高者,其「健康生活型態」表現越差。
    本研究依結論建議衛政、勞政單位應加強推動原住民族地區職場健康促進,並降低失業、增加就業機會,以提高該地區勞工健康狀況。

    The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between a worker’s unemployment experience,ethnicity, and health lifestyle.
    A questionnaire was administered to employees of the Multi-Employment Promotion Program in Hualien county by utilizing a stratified random sampling technique.273 copies of the questionnaires were distributed, and 217 valid responses were returned.The findings of this study are summarized as follows:
    1.The average number of times a person was unemployed 1.2,whle the average duration that a person was unemployed 4.06 months.Among the six factors of the health lifestyle tested,the employees scored the highest in interpersonal support and the lowest in health responsibility.
    2.One-way MANVOA technique determined,the relationship existed between a person’s ethnic background and health lifestyle. Individual of Han descent scored higher performance such as exercise, heath responsibility,interpersonal support,stress management than the aboriginal descent.
    3.The canonical analysis determined,that a relationship existed between the age of an individual, health lifestyle,and the average number of times they had been unemployed. There was a positive correlation between the age of an individual and nutrition. There was a negative correlation between the average number of times a person was unemployed and exercise, health responsibility,self-actualization,stress management.
    4.Structal equation modeling(SEM) determined that a person’s background, unemployment history, and ethnicity can predict the individual’s health lifestyle and explain for 21.2% of the variation in the equation. It was found the aborigines and high unemployed times had the least health lifestyle.
    Based on the results of the study, suggestions and improvements have been proposed to the health and labor sector to provide employment opportunities to the unemployed and promote heath lifestyle to employed individuals in aboriginal areas.

    目 次 誌 謝 i 中 文 摘 要 ii 英 文 摘 要 iii 目 次 iv 表 目 次 vi 圖 目 次 viii 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與重要性 1 第二節 研究目的 7 第三節 研究問題 8 第四節 研究假設 8 第五節 名詞操作型定義 9 第六節 研究限制 13 第二章 文獻探討 15 第一節 失業的概念與其對健康的影響 15 第二節 健康生活型態探討 21 第三節 健康生活型態與相關因素探討 34 第三章 研究設計與方法 47 第一節 研究架構 47 第二節 研究對象 48 第三節 研究工具 50 第四節 研究步驟 55 第五節 資料處理與統計分析 57 第四章 結果與討論 59 第一節 研究對象背景變項、族群及失業經驗之分佈 59 第二節 研究對象健康生活型態之現況 63 第三節 研究對象背景變項、族群及失業經驗與健康生活型態之關係 80 第四節 研究對象背景變項、族群及失業經驗對健康生活型態的預測力 87 第五節 討論 100 第五章 結論與建議 111 第一節 結論 111 第二節 建議 112 參考文獻 115 一、中文部分 115 二、英文部分 120 附錄一 健康促進的生活方式量表中文版同意書………………………127 附錄二 勞工失業經驗與健康生活型態調查問卷………………………128 表 目 錄 表 1-1各國(地區)失業率…………………………………………………5 表 2-1我國2008至2013年每月平均失業者按失業原因區分摘要表…18 表 2-2國內學生族群健康生活型態之相關研究…………………………28 表 2-3國內學校教師健康生活型態之相關研究…………………………30 表 2-4國內職場、上班族群健康生活型態之相關研究…………………………31 表 2-5其他類健康生活型態之相關研究…………………………………32 表 3-1母群體與樣本人數一覽表………………………………………49 表 3-2研究對象樣本適合度檢定………………………………………49 表 3-3健康促進生活方式量表(HPLP)問卷之信度分析………………54 表 3-4問卷正式施測之發放、回收情形………………………………57 表4-1-1研究對象背景變項、族群、失業經驗分佈情形…………………62 表4-2-1研究對象健康責任答題分佈情形………………………………65 表4-2-2研究對象人際支持答題分佈情形…………………………………………68 表4-2-3研究對象運動答題分佈情形……………………………………71 表4-2-4研究對象營養答題分佈情形……………………………………73 表4-2-5研究對象壓力處理答題分佈情形………………………………76 表4-2-6研究對象自我實現答題分佈情形………………………………79 表4-2-7研究對象健康生活型態量表施測結果整體比較………………79 表4-3-1研究對象背景變項與健康生活型態之單因子多變量變異數分析 摘要表……………………………………………………………84 表4-3-2研究對象年齡對健康生活型態之典型相關分析摘要 表…………………………………………………………………85 表4-3-3研究對象年齡對健康生活型態之典型相關顯著考驗…………85 表4-3-4研究對象五年內失業經驗次數對健康生活型態之典型相關分析摘要表………………………………………………………86 表4-3-5研究對象五年內失業經驗次數對健康生活型態之典型相關顯著 考驗………………………………………………………………86 表4-4-1影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之變異數摘要表..…90 表4-4-2影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之標準化迴歸係 數摘要表………………………………………………………91 表4-4-3影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之常態性檢定摘要 表…………………………………………………………………………92 表4-4-4影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之適配度分析摘要 表………………………………………………………………………93 表4-4-5影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之多元相關係數平 方摘要表……………………97 表4-4-6影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之各項係數摘要表 …………………………………………………98 表4-4-7影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式之總效果值摘要表………………………………………………99 圖 目 錄 圖 1-1近年台灣重要經濟指標……………………………………………………4 圖 1-2近20年我國失業人數與勞動力參與率趨勢……………………6 圖 3-1研究架構……………………………………………………………………………47 圖 4-1影響研究對象健康生活型態結構方程模式圖……………………96

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