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研究生: 雷雅淳
論文名稱: 女性身體之幻化-辛蒂‧雪曼(Cindy Sherman)藝術之研究
指導教授: 王哲雄
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 美術學系
Department of Fine Arts
論文出版年: 2004
畢業學年度: 92
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 239
中文關鍵詞: 辛蒂‧雪曼女性主義藝術後現代主義藝術扮裝女性詭態男性凝視
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 美國女性藝術家辛蒂‧雪曼於一九七○年代末期開始發表一輯名為《無題電影停格》的攝影作品,雪曼同時是其作品的模特兒與攝影師,她在作品中扮演成盛行於歐美五○、六○年代初期電影中各式的女性形象,發表之後引起各家學者熱烈討論。之後雪曼陸陸續續發表作品,她自己仍然是扮演模特兒與攝影師的角色,時而扮裝成獨立自信的女性、憂傷的青少女,有時則變成恐怖的怪物,甚至被噁心的嘔吐物圍繞,有時又化身為歷史肖像畫中的人物。雪曼作品最特殊之處即是觀眾總是可以在畫面中尋到雪曼的身影,然而令人訝異的是,一九九○年代初期作品的主角則變成醫學用的義肢與人體模特兒,此時雪曼不再出現於畫面中,直到一九九○年代中期雪曼才又再度出現於作品中,不過此時她並不是大張旗鼓地宣示自己的出現,而是默默躲在面具後只露出一雙眼睛。
    雪曼崛起於一九七○年代末期,此時女性主義與後現代主義藝術經歷了十多年的發展,亟需援引範例驗證其論點,而雪曼取材自大眾媒體中女性形象的作品、使用攝影作為表達媒材、與同時身為攝影師與模特兒的種種特質,便成為藝評家們討論的重點。以道格拉斯‧克林普為首的藝評家以雪曼的作品為例,舉出後現代藝術的特質,包括影像的挪用(appropriation)、擬像(simulacrum)、劇場性與擁抱大眾文化的強烈立場等等;女性主義藝評家大都以「男性凝視」為依據,爭論雪曼的作品是否為女性主義意識下的產物。然而,雪曼對加諸於她身上的種種理論,一向抱持著不以為然的態度,她拒絕作品被貼上任何固定的標籤,而期望作品能有更多元的解釋與觀眾。上述眾多評論家對雪曼作品的解讀是本研究論述的重要課題,更重要的是還要由雪曼的訪談內容與藝術創作,探究其創作的真正意圖。

    目錄 論文摘要 緒論…………………………....................................................................................... 1 第一章 辛蒂‧雪曼的藝術形塑……………………………………………………..20 第一節 辛蒂‧雪曼的藝術啟蒙………………………………………………21 第二節 辛蒂‧雪曼的工作方法與藝術觀……………………………………34 第二章 電影劇照到真實電影的出現—《無題電影停格》至《辦公室殺手》…45 第一節 無題電影停格………………………………………………………..46 第二節 從理想到厭棄的移動………………………………………………..55 第三節 歷史肖像……………………………………………………………..66 第四節 混種玩偶與真實的電影……………………………………………..71 第三章 辛蒂‧雪曼作品的特質…………………………………………………….80 第一節 攝影作為媒材工具……………………………………………………81 第二節 作品中女性的身體……………………………………………………86 第三節 扮裝與表演藝術………………………………………………………96 第四節 女性詭態……………………………………………………………..102 第四章 辛蒂‧雪曼作品中的理論與實踐…………………………………………109 第一節 雪曼反對理論的一貫立場…………………………………………110 第二節 後現代主義氛圍之影響……………………………………………114 Ⅰ.從現代到後現代…………………………………………………………...114 Ⅱ.雪曼的作品與後現代主義………………………………………………...123 第三節 與女性主義理論之關連……………………………………………134 Ⅰ.女性主義觀點的藝術史研究……………………………………………..134 Ⅱ.女性主義的支持者或反對者?…………………………………………..140 第五章 辛蒂‧雪曼的策略與回應………………………………………………..153 第一節 由女性的觀點出發…………………………………………………154 第二節 恐怖與幽默並存……………………………………………………164 結論…………………………………………………………………………………174 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………179 作品大事紀…………………………………………………………………………191 人名索引……………………………………………………………………………192 專有名詞索引………………………………………………………………………201 圖版…………………………………………………………………………………202 圖版索引……………………………………………………………………………237

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