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研究生: 洪瑟勵
Hung, Se-li
論文名稱: 音樂治療活動對國中階段中重度智障學生社會技能之影響
The effects of music therapy activities on social skills of junior high school students with moderate to severe mental retardation
指導教授: 姚世澤
Yao, Shey-Tzer
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 音樂學系
Department of Music
論文出版年: 2000
畢業學年度: 88
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 194
中文關鍵詞: 音樂治療活動中重度智障學生社會技能
英文關鍵詞: Music Therapy Activities, Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation, Social Skills
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 摘 要
    本研究旨在探究音樂治療活動對國中階段中重度智障學生社會技能之影響。首先透過文獻與理論分析,探討音樂治療之相關理論基礎。繼之針對受試對象之行為問題,訂定出表達與溝通、參與活動、合作三項必須改善之社會技能。並根據文獻理論基礎,研擬音樂治療活動內容,進行實驗研究。
    本研究採用單一受試(個案)實驗設計中跨行為的多基線設計模式,研究對象為四名台北市金華國中啟智班中重度智障學生,經為期八週,十六次之實驗教學後,以研究者自編之評量表得分進行統計分析,研究結果發現:
    1.音樂治療活動能增進中重度智障學生表達與溝通能力。
    2.音樂治療活動能提昇中重度智障學生之參與意願。
    3.音樂治療活動能培養中重度智障學生之合作態度。
    4.歌曲對唱及節奏問答兩項音樂治療活動能增進表達與溝通能力。
    5.強烈節奏之音樂律動與遊戲化的音樂治療活動能提昇參與意願。
    6.動態之團體音樂治療活動能培養智障學生之合作態度。
    研究者根據研究結果與發現加以討論,且提出建議,以作為實
    施音樂治療活動,及後續相關研究之參考依據。
    關鍵字:音樂治療活動、中重度智障學生、社會技能

    Abstract
    The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of music therapy activities on social skills of junior high school students with moderate to severe mental retardation. The social skills include communication and expression, participation, and cooperation.
    First, the theoretical basis of music therapy was discussed through literature review and analysis. Next, the three sets of social skills were defined to target the experiment test group. Music therapy activities and teaching materials were designed according to the theories methods of music therapy, and experiments were conducted.
    The study is based on multiple baseline design across behaviors of single case experimental designs. The experimental subjects consist of 4 students with moderate to severe mental retardation of Gin-Hwa junior high school in Taipei.
    After sixteen sessions conducted over eight weeks, the results indicated:
    1. Music therapy activities could improve the communication and expression abilities of students with mental retardation.
    2. Music therapy activities could increase the desire to participate of students with mental retardation.
    3. Music therapy activities could alter the cooperative behavior of students with mental retardation.
    4. Antiphonal singing and rhythm call-and–response activities could improve the expression and communication abilities.
    5. Eurhythmics and music games could increase their desire to participate.
    6. The active group activities could alter the cooperative behavior.
    Results of this study on the mentally retarded were discussed and future research were also suggested.
    Key Words: Music Therapy Activities, Moderate to Severe Mental Retardation, Social Skills.

    中文摘要......................................................i 英文摘要.....................................................ii 第一章 緒論.................................................1 第一節 研究動機.............................................2 第二節 研究目的.............................................4 第三節 研究問題的敘述.......................................4 第四節 研究範圍與限制.......................................5 第五節 名詞釋義.............................................5 第二章 文獻探討..............................................7 第一節 音樂對人類行為的影響.................................7 壹、音樂對生理的影響.......................................7 貳、音樂對情緒的影響......................................11 參、音樂與人類行為........................................12 第二節 音樂治療的理論背景..................................14 壹、音樂治療之理論基礎 ...................................14 貳、音樂治療之基本概念 ...................................27 參、音樂治療實施步驟 ...................................34 第三節 音樂治療在啟智教育的應用............................43 壹、智能障礙的定義........................................43 貳、音樂治療在啟智教育之價值與功能........................50 參、音樂治療在啟智教育的應用..............................60 第四節 音樂治療對智障學生社會技能之影響....................69 壹、社會技能的意義與類別..................................69 貳、音樂治療對智障學生社會技能之影響......................71 參、增進社會技能之音樂治療活動實施策略....................80 第三章 研究方法與步驟 ......................................88 第一節 研究架構............................................88 第二節 研究對象............................................92 第三節 活動設計............................................93 第四節 研究程序............................................98 第五節 評量工具與資料處理方式.............................100 第四章 結果與討論..........................................105 第一節 個別受試輔導結果與討論.............................105 第二節 音樂治療活動回饋與分析.............................118 第三節 結果與討論.........................................131 第五章 結論與建議..........................................139 第一節 結論...............................................139 第二節 建議...............................................144 參考書目 一、中文部分...............................................148 二、英文部分...............................................151 附錄 附錄一 音樂治療評估表實施程序..............................165 附錄二 音樂治療評估表......................................169 附錄三 個案資料摘要........................................175 附錄四 音樂治療--社會技能評量表............................179 附錄五 音樂治療活動之感受回饋問卷..........................181 附錄六 音樂治療活動內容....................................182 附錄七 社會效度評量表......................................194

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