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研究生： 吳燕珊
Wu Yen-Shan
論文名稱： 月經週期與月經症候群對大專排球選手運動表現之影響
Influence Of Menstrual Cycle phases and Menstrual Symptoms On The Sport Performance of College Volleyball Players
指導教授： 方進隆
Fang, Chin-Lung
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年： 2003
畢業學年度： 91
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 78
中文關鍵詞： 月經週期 、月經症候群 、彈跳力 、Wingate無氧動力 、敏捷力 、全身反應時間
英文關鍵詞： menstrual cycle, menstrual symptoms, anaerobic performance, Wingate anaerobic power, agility run, total body reaction time
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：276  下載：15 
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    • 摘要
    本研究目的在於探討月經週期與月經症候群對排球選手短時間運動表現的影響。研究方法：19位月經正常且無服用口服避孕藥的大專甲組排球員，經過兩個月的基礎體溫及月經症狀程度表調查，依月經症狀程度分成正常組和月經症候群組(年齡20.4±1.1歲，身高167.3±5.4公分，體重60.3±8.3公斤)。每位受試者分別在行經期(開始行經的48小時內：M)、濾泡期(開始行經的第1天算起，7-9天：F)、排卵期(開始行經的第13-15天：O)、黃體期(開始行經的第19-21天： L)和經前期(開始行經前的48小時：PM)，使用對抗平衡次序，進行有關短時間無氧運動(立姿下蹲後起跳-Counter-movement jump、Wingate 無氧動力、Illinois敏捷力)、心理層面全身反應時間之測驗。月經週期之週期面經由天數計算、基礎體溫和雌激素確認加以判定。各項資料採變異數混合設計二因子分析，研究結果如下：
    (1)最大無氧動力方面：在不同週期面的最大彈跳高度，M分別優於O和
    PM；F及L皆優於O（p＜.05）。
    (2)Wingate無氧動力方面：在不同週期面的最大無氧動力和平均動力沒
    有達到顯著水準。在不同週期的動力遞減率，F優於M、O和PM；L優於O（p＜.05）。
    (3)在敏捷力方面：在不同週期上的敏捷力表現，M、F及L分別優於O
    (p＜.05)。
    (4)全身反應時間:月經週期對全身反應時間的表現沒有任何影響。
    (5)比較正常組與月經症候群組，在不同月經週期的各項運動表現，並沒有達到顯著差異。
    結論:，排球運動專項素質之彈跳力、Wingate無氧動力遞減率與敏捷力等短時間無氧動力會受到不同月經週期面所影響，而在Wingate無氧動力與全身反應時間則不會因月經週期而有所不同；另外，月經症候群並不會影響排球選手之運動表現。彈跳高度、Wingate無氧動力遞減率和敏捷力最差表現出現在排卵期，原因可能與較高的雌激素濃度有關。

    Abstract
    The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of menstrual cycle and menstrual symptoms on short-term sport performance of volleyball players. Research method: Nineteen College League A volleyball players whose menstruations were normal and who were not oral contraceptive pills users were selected as the subjects. After two months of basic body temperature and menstrual symptom severity list measurements, these players were divided into the normal group and menstrual symptoms group (age:20.4±1.1 yrs，height:167.3±5.4cm，weight:60.3±8.3kg). The order of test sessions were using counter-balance order. Each player under the test would conduct related short-term anaerobic exercise (counter-movement jump, Wingate anaerobic power, agility run) and psychological whole body reaction time test during the menstruation (within 48 hours after menstruation：M), follicular phase (start counting from the first day of menstruation, 7-9 days：F), ovulation phase (13~15 days of menstruation：O), luteal phase (19-21 days of menstruation：L) and premenstrual phase (48 hours before menstruation：PM). The cycle aspect of the menstruation cycle was calculated by basic body temperature、the numbers of days and estrogen (estradiol –E2) was confirmed. The collected data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and the results are as follows:
    (1) In respect of maximum anaerobic power: There was a significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on maximal height of jump, during M was more superior than during O and PM. The F and L were more superior than O (p <.05).
    (2) In respect of Wingate anaerobic power: There was not any significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on peak anaerobic power and the mean power. But , a significant difference was observed among the five phases of menstrual cycle on power decline rate, during F was more superior than M、O and PM. The L was also superior than O.(p＜.05)
    (3) In respect of agility: There was a significant difference between different phases of menstrual cycle on agility, M、F and L was more superior than during O.
    (4) Total body reaction time: On the performance of whole body reaction time, the menstruation cycle has no effect.
    (5) Comparison two different group(normal and menstrual symptoms group) , there was no existence of significant difference on four exercise performance of different menstrual cycle phase .
    Conclusion: The particular quality of volleyball players on short-term anaerobic power including maximal height of jump、power decline rate and agility will be affected by different phases of menstrual cycle. In respect of Wingate anaerobic power and total body reaction time, it will not be different due to the different phases of menstrual cycle. And the menstruation symptom is not the factor of affecting the performance of volleyball players. The worst performance of maximal height of jump、power decline rate and agility was found at the ovulation phase, it may be due to the increase in E2 that occurs prior to ovulation.

    目次 前序部份： 一、 口試委員與系主任簽字證書……………………………………Ⅰ 二、 授權書……………………………………………………………Ⅱ 三、 中文摘要…………………………………………………………Ⅲ 四、 英文摘要…………………………………………………………Ⅳ 五、 謝誌………………………………………………………………Ⅴ 六、 目次………………………………………………………………Ⅵ 七、 表次………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 八、 圖次………………………………………………………………Ⅷ 本文部分： 第壹章、緒論 一、 前言……………………………………………………………1 二、 問題背景………………………………………………………2 三、 研究目的………………………………………………………5 四、 研究假設………………………………………………………5 五、 研究範圍與限制..……………………………………………6 六、 名詞解釋與操作性定義………………………………………6 七、 研究的重要性…………………………………………………7 第貳章、文獻探討 一、 月經週期、月經症候群與 PMS之相關探討…………………9 二、 生理、心理變化與月經週期之相關探討……………………12 三、 月經週期對運動表現的影響…………………………………16 四、 結語……………………………………………………………20 第叁章、研究方法與步驟 一、 研究對象………………………………………………………21 二、 實驗設備與器材………………………………………………22 三、 實驗設計………………………………………………………23 四、 實驗時間及地點………………………………………………23 五、 實驗步驟………………………………………………………23 六、 資料收集與分析………………………………………………27 第肆章、結果 一、 受試者基本資料、基礎體溫與雌激素之變化情形…………30 二、 月經症候群組與正常組，在不同月經週期下立姿下蹲後起跳 能力之比較……………………………………………………33 三、 月經症候群組與正常組，在不同月經週期下敏捷力變化情形 之比較…………………………………………………………36 四、 月經症候群組與正常組，在不同月經週期下乳酸性無氧動力 變化情形之比較………………………………………………36 五、 月經症候群組與正常組，在不同月經週期下全身反應時間變 化情形之比較…………………………………………………40 六、 本章總結………………………………………………………41 第伍章、討論與結論 一、 月經週期面的判定及雌激素相關議題討論…………………43 二、 月經週期與月經症候群對無氧動力的影響…………………44 三、 月經週期與月經症候群對敏捷力的影響……………………48 四、 月經週期與月經症候群對反應時間的影響…………………48 五、 結論與建議……………………………………………………49 引用文獻 ……………………………………………………………51 後篇部分： 附錄 附錄一 受試者須知及同意書………………………………………59 附錄二 健康狀況調查表……………………………………………60 附錄三 月經週期紀錄表……………………………………………61 附錄四 每日身體感覺經驗表………………………………………62 附錄五 E2檢驗報告範本……………………………………………63 附錄六 受試者實驗結果原始數據…………………………………64 附錄七 變異數摘要表（混合設計二因子變異數摘要表）………73 (附錄表一）二組在不同週期面進行立姿下蹲後起跳垂直跳高度(cm) （附錄表二）二組在不同週期面進行立姿下蹲後起跳爆發力（W/kg） （附錄表三）二組在不同週期的敏捷力 （附錄表四）二組在不同週期面進行Wingate 30秒測驗之最高無氧動力（Watt/kg） （附錄表五）二組在不同週期面進行Wingate 30秒無氧動力測驗之平均無氧動力（Watt/kg） （附錄表六）二組在不同週期面進行Wingate 30秒測驗之動力遞減率 （附錄表七）二組在不同週期面進行反應時間 （附錄表八）二組在不同週期面E2變化情形 (附錄表九) 二組在不同週期面體重變化情形 （附錄表十）受試者變異數同質性考驗 表次 表3-1、受試者基本資料………………………………………………20 表4-1、每日身體感覺表原始數據……………………………………29 表4-2、二組在不同週期面的雌激素（pg/ml）濃度…………………31 表4-3、二組在不同週期面的CMJ彈跳高度(cm)……………………34 表4-4、二組在不同週期面的CMJ 爆發力（W/kg）…………………35 表4-5、二組在不同週期面的敏捷力（秒）…………………………37 表4-6、二組在不同週期面的Wingate無氧動力測驗之最高無氧 動力（Watt/kg）成績…………………………………………38 表4-7、二組在不同週期面的Wingate無氧動力測驗之平均無氧 動力（W/kg）…………………………………………………38 表4-8、二組在不同週期面的無氧動力遞減率(％)…………………39 表4-9、二組在不同週期面的反應時間測驗（秒）…………………40 表4-10、混合設計二因子分析統計一覽表………………………….42 表4-11、經LSD事後比較受試者在不同月經週期的運動表現差異.43 圖次 圖2、月經週期的女性激素變化圖……………………………………9 圖3-1、實驗流程圖……………………………………………………26 圖3-1-1、雌激素分析…………………………………………………26 圖3-1-2、 Illinois 敏捷跑路線圖…………………………………26 圖3-1-3、 Kistler Quattro jump測力板…………………………27 圖3-1-4、反應時間測定儀……………………………………………27 圖3-1-5、Monark Ergomedic 828E腳踏車…………………………27 圖4-1、月經週期之基礎體溫變化圖…………………………………31 圖4-2、月經週期之 E2濃度變化圖…………………………………32 圖4-3、受試者在不同週期面的CMJ彈跳高度變化…………………34 圖4-4、二組在不同月經週期面的 CMJ彈跳高度變化圖……………35 圖4-5、受試者在不同週期面的CMJ爆發力變化………………………34 圖4-6、二組在不同週期面的敏捷力變化圖……………………………37 圖4-7、二組在不同週期面的動力遞減率變化圖………………………40 圖4-8、二組在不同週期面的反應時間變化圖…………………………40

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