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研究生: 林秋慧
論文名稱: 肥胖兒童的減重動機與體型意識-學校減重班經驗
Motivation of weight control and body image among obesity children:experience in school weight control program
指導教授: 林薇
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 人類發展與家庭學系
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 150
中文關鍵詞: 肥胖兒童減重動機體型意識
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:264下載:109
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  • 本研究主要目的在瞭解肥胖兒童的減重動機,並探討肥胖兒童的體型意識。以台北縣曾參與國小體重控制班之10-11歲肥胖兒童為對象,選取1所國小,男、女學童各5名,共計10名。採質性研究取向,以焦點團體訪談及一對一深度訪談的方式,藉由他們的經驗分享,瞭解其減重動機、對自己身體外表的看法以及相關因素。研究分析發現,減重動機方面,學童由於父母親對於孩子體型的關注,老師、親戚朋友與他人的言語批評,想要穿漂亮的衣服,加深對「肥胖」的負面評價,而有減重的意願;在參加減重班期間亦由於老師與家人的持續鼓勵與關注,加深他們的減重動機;而原先沒有減重意願的學童,可能受到課程的吸引而想要減重;課程結束後,部分學童則因時間上的限制與失去團體約束力而消弱了減重行為。兒童減重動機的影響因素包含了健康因素的考量、擁有好看的外表、家人與他人對體重的關注。體型意識方面,大多數學童對於身高、體重均不滿意,而身體不滿意的部位則有臉部、胸部、手臂、肚子、腿部、牙齒等。影響肥胖兒童體型意識之因素為個人(生長發育、期望體型);家庭(父母與手足);社會(同儕、體型受嘲笑經驗、崇拜偶像身材)。未來若舉辦體重控制班,可採全校性宣導,多方照顧到過輕與過重學生,能夠在維護學童生理健康的同時,亦能關心他們的心理感受,且承辦人員必須參與執行前的研習活動,更能達成體重控制的目的。在體型意識的宣導方面,應針對老師、家長與學生三管齊下,透過座談會或研習營的方式,使老師正確的健康體位概念,進而幫助學生與家長,將健康體型意識落實在日常生活中。

    目錄………………………………………………………………………...I 表次…………………………………………………………………….…III 圖次……………………………………………………………………….IV 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………...1 第一節 研究動機…………………………………………………...1 第二節 研究目的與問題…………………………………………...5 第三節 名詞釋義…………………………………………………...6 第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………...8 第一節 兒童肥胖及相關因素之探討……………………………...8 第二節 兒童體重控制介入計畫之探討………………………….24 第三節 減重動機及相關因素之探討…………………………….31 第四節 兒童體型意識及相關因素之探討……………………….38 第三章 研究歷程與方法……………………………………………….51 第一節 研究場所………………………………………………….51 第二節 研究者的角色與定位…………………………………….55 第三節 資料的蒐集………………………………………..……...59 第四節 資料的分析…………………………………………..…...65 第五節 研究倫理的考量………………………………………….68 第四章 結果與討論…………………………………………………….70 第一節 肥胖兒童的減重動機及影響因素……………………….70 第二節 肥胖兒童的體型意識及影響因素……………………….89 第五章 結論與建議…………………………………………………...117 第一節 結論…………………………..………………………….117 第二節 研究限制與建議………………………………………...120 參考書目………………………………………………………………...124 中文部分…………………………………………………………...124 英文部分…………………………………………………………...129 附錄……………………………………………………………………...144 附錄一 發放通知單……………………………………………...144 附錄二 學童同意書……………………………………………...145 附錄三 家長同意書……………………………………………...146 附錄四 基本資料表……………………………………………...148 附錄五 省思札記………………………………………………...149 附錄六 訪談大綱………………………………………………...150 表 次 表 2.1-1國際兒童青少年體重過重與肥胖的BMI界定……………….10 表 2.1-2兒童與青少年肥胖定義………………………………………..11 表 2.1-3 國外兒童肥胖盛行率之研究………………………………….13 表 2.1-4 國內兒童肥胖盛行率之研究………………………………….14 表 2.4-1 影響兒童體型意識之因素…………………………………….47 表 3.3-1 受訪男童之基本資料………………………………………….61 表 3.3-2 受訪女童之基本資料………………………………………….61 表 3.3-3 受訪教師之基本資料………………………………………….62 表 3.3-4 受訪家長之基本資料………………………………………….62 表 3.3-5 訪談日程表…………………………………………………….63 表 4.1-1學童的減重動機………………………………………………..87 表 4.2-1女童的身體外表評價狀況……………………………………..89 表 4.2-2男童的身體外表評價狀況……………………………………..90 表 4.2-3學童身體不滿意與想改變部位概況…………………………113 圖 次 圖 2.3-1 動機歷程……………………………………………………….32 圖 3.1-1 研究流程圖…………………………………………………….54 圖 3.1-2 教師休息室空間配置平面圖………………………………….52

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