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研究生： 黃彥勳
Huang Yen Hui
論文名稱： 甚低頻電磁波勘測之經驗模態解析
Empirical mode decomposition representation of VLF data
指導教授： 鄭懌
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 地球科學系
Department of Earth Sciences
論文出版年： 2004
畢業學年度： 92
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 78
中文關鍵詞： 甚低頻電磁波 、經驗模態分解
英文關鍵詞： VLF, EMD
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：386  下載：14 
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    • 本論文是探討用經驗模態解構(EMD)的方法分析甚低頻電磁波(VLF)數據的內在模態函數(IMF)作為資料處理的基底，從當中分析各種訊號的特性，再由個分量的資料中相疊加來突顯異常體對訊號產生過零點的反應，以消除地表產生的雜訊及周圍物體造成的異常變化，正確判斷出地下異常體的位置。野外資料收集使用加拿大GSM-19電磁測勘系統，選擇信號強度最強的發射台頻率做測勘。研究案例包含師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區和地下管線以知異常體等測勘；南投竹山斷層開挖槽溝及台中沙鹿考古遺址附近電纜線輪座干擾區之比對量測。在時間序列之分析上，則採定點觀測，紀錄甚低頻電磁感應之時變特性。結果顯示經驗模態解構法可有效濾除地表之高頻雜波，而且內在模態函數的重新疊加組合可適度的加強過零點的信號。

    目 錄 誌謝……………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 摘要……………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 圖目……………………………………………………………………Ⅴ 表目……………………………………………………………………Ⅸ 第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………1 1-1 研究動機…………………………………………………1 2-1 文獻回顧…………………………………………………4 第二章 基礎理論……………………………………………………6 2-1 電磁波的產生……………………………………………6 2-2電磁波其傳播方式…………………………………………9 2-3甚低頻電磁法的勘測原理…………………………………11 第三章 數值分析方法………………………………………………13 3-1 Hilbert-Huang Transformation(HHT)…………………13 3-2 內在模態函數(Intrinsic Mode Functions)…………15 3-3 經驗模態分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition)……17 第四章 野外工作與資料收集、處理………………………………20 4-1 儀器介紹…………………………………………………20 4-2 野外工作資料收集與解析………………………………22 4-2-1師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區地質背景與勘測佈線之解析……………………………22 4-2-2 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測與解析（Ⅰ( Ⅱ）………28 4-2-3 南投竹山斷層開挖槽溝地質背景與勘測之佈線……………33 4-2-4 電纜線輪座地質背景與量測佈線之解析……………………39 4-2-5 日夜變化對甚低頻電磁法的影響……………………………48 4-3 資料處理流程圖…………………………………………………50 第五章 結果與討論…………………………………………………51 5-1師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型試驗區勘測…………………………51 5-2師大分部毆洲公園地下管線勘測（Ⅰ）（Ⅱ）…………………53 5-3南投竹山斷層開挖槽溝勘測………………………………………58 5-4電纜線輪座對甚低頻電磁法之影響………………………………60 5-5日夜變化對甚低頻電磁法之特性討論……………………………63 第六章 結論…………………………………………………………65 參考文獻………………………………………………………………67 附錄……………………………………………………………………72 圖 目 圖2-1. 振盪電場圖……………………………………………………6 圖2-2. 振盪磁場圖……………………………………………………7 圖2-3. 電磁波波形圖…………………………………………………7 圖2-4. 電波的傳遞圖…………………………………………………10 圖2-5. VLF探查示意圖………………………………………………11 圖3-1. 地震波經EMD分析之結果圖…………………………………13 圖3-2. 震波速度譜(細線)與經過Cubic spline連結後所得之包絡線(粗黑線)………………………………………………………………15 圖3-3. 經驗模態分解………………………………………………17 圖4-1. GSM-19 System接收器和主機………………………………21 圖4-2. 組裝施測中的GSM-19…………………………………………21 圖4-3. 師大分部地理位置分佈圖……………………………………23 圖4-4. 師大分部歐洲公園位置圖……………………………………23 圖4-5. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區佈線圖………………………24 圖4-6. 師大分部歐洲公園勘測原始數據之等值平面圖(in phase與out of phase)…………………………………………………………25 圖4-7. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區勘測原始數據(in phase)…26 圖4-8. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(in phase)……………………………………………………………26 圖4-9. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區勘測原始數據( out of phase)…………………………………………………………………27 圖4-10. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(out of phase)………………………………………………………27 圖4-11. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線的勘測佈線圖(Ⅰ)…………28 圖4-12. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據之等值平面圖(in phase與out of phase)………………………………………………29 圖4-13. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據(in phase)……30 圖4-14. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(in phase)…………………………………………………………30 圖4-15. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據(out of phase)…………………………………………………………………………31 圖4-16. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(out of phase)……………………………………………………31 圖4-17. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線的單線勘測佈線圖…………32 圖4-18. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線單一測線勘測原始數據in phase)…………………………………………………………………32 圖4-19. 921地震斷層分佈位置……………………………………34 圖4-20. 南投竹山斷層開挖槽溝剖面圖……………………………35 圖4-21. 竹山斷層開挖槽溝-北牆剖面圖…………………………35 圖4-22. 高壓電塔線經過其開挖槽溝附近…………………………36 圖4-23. 南投竹山斷層開挖槽溝勘測佈線圖………………………37 圖4-24. 竹山斷層開挖槽溝勘測原始數據(in phase)……………38 圖4-25. 竹山斷層開挖槽溝溝勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(in phase)…………………………………………………………………38 圖4-26. 電纜線輪座旁鋼筋混凝土管堆……………………………40 圖4-27. 電纜線輪座分佈於測區兩旁………………………………40 圖4-28. 電纜線輪座量測區內之廢棄物燃燒坑……………………41 圖4-29. 電纜線輪座量測佈線圖……………………………………42 圖4-30.電纜線輪座量測原始數據之等值平面圖(in phase)……43 圖4-31.電纜線輪座量測原始數據之等值平面圖(out of phase).43 圖4-32. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據(in phase)……………………44 圖4-33. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(in phase)…………………………………………………………………………44 圖4-34. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取c3+c4(in phase)…………………………………………………………………45 圖4-35. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據(out of phase)…………………46 圖4-36. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取(out of phase)…………………………………………………………………46 圖4-37. 電纜線輪座量測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取c3+c4 (out of phase)………………………………………………………47 圖4-38. 2003/09/16甚低頻電磁波對日夜變化的量測(in phase)…49 圖4-39. 2003/09/16甚低頻電磁波對日夜變化的量測(out of phase)…………………………………………………………………………49 圖4-40. 資料處理流程圖……………………………………………50 圖5-1. 師大分部歐洲公園磚體模型區原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取c2做等值平面圖(in phase與out of phase)……………………52 圖5-2. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取c1做等值平面圖(in phase與out of phase)…………………55 圖5-3. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線單一測線勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量(in phase)…………………………………………………56 圖5-4. 師大分部歐洲公園地下管線單一測線勘測原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量分量取c1值…………………………………………………57 圖5-5. 竹山斷層開挖槽溝勘原始數據之等值平面圖(In phase)…59 圖5-6. 竹山斷層開挖槽溝勘原始數據經EMD分解為IMF分量取c2+c3做等值平面圖(in phase)…………………………………………………59 圖5-7.電纜線輪座量測經EMD分解為IMF分量取c3+c4做等值平面圖(in phase)………………………………………………………………62 圖5-8.電纜線輪座量測經EMD分解為IMF分量取c3+c4做等值平面圖(out of phase)…………………………………………………………62 圖7-1.VLF信號源發射台全球分佈圖…………………………………73 表 目 表1. GSM-19儀器內定信號源發射台頻率……………………………3 表2. 國際電信聯會依無線電頻率之高低劃分表……………………72 表3. 最新全球甚低頻電磁波(10~30kHz)信號發射台分佈…………74 表4. 中華民國九十二年台北地區日出日沒時刻表…………………75

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