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研究生: 吳純櫻
Wu, Chun-Yin
論文名稱: 交通樞紐、美學及都市場域的車站設計
Rail Station as Architecture;Transport Hub, Contemporary Aesthetics, and Urban Space.
指導教授: 梁桂嘉
Liang, Kuei-Chia
口試委員: 梁桂嘉
Liang, Kuei-Chia
鄧建國
Deng, Jian-Guo
范成浩
Fan, Chen-Hao
口試日期: 2024/06/18
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 設計學系設計創作碩士在職專班
Department of Design_Continuing Education Master's Program of Creative Practice in Design
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 100
中文關鍵詞: 差異分析交通樞紐美學都市場域大眾運輸導向發展TOD
英文關鍵詞: Differentiation analysis, transportation hub, Contemporary Aesthetics, Urban Space, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)
研究方法: 個案研究法
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202400879
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 車站是一個城市空間記憶載體,新的車站設計亦是地區居民心目中由當地傳統文化進入未來新紀元的時間歷程的最佳表徵。長久以來,市區鐵路對於都市發展具有極大的影響,因長期鐵路的阻隔造成全市交通路網無法平順銜接,劃分出前、後站的區域阻隔,使都市活動系統無法連貫,亦造成鐵道及車站周邊地區多老舊、窳陋,市容不佳影響都市景觀及整體發展。
    車站的構築絕不侷限於建築師主觀呈現的建築美感及文化的意涵,而是如何掌握車站設計的關鍵因子,以”好的設計”將新、舊歷史的風貌再造、都市紋理的場域連結、交通樞紐的機能建置、創新技術的科技應用等重新定位,以作為車站設計的目標。
    文本將透過知名建築大師並獲得知名獎項的車站設計案例,經過整理與紀錄分析,從交通樞紐、美學及都市場域等關鍵因子進行差異分析,也將導入大眾運輸導向型發展TOD( Transit Orientd Development)的都市開發模式,找出近期都會車站設計的關鍵因子,藉以滿足車站實用性、美學性和人性化的要求,同時滿足環境友好、節能、減碳等相關因素,進而提升城市交通運輸的順暢和市民生活的質量。
    亦藉由車站進行交通樞紐、美學及都市場域等關鍵因子的整合性設計的實際操作,對於交通運輸樞紐之車站機能與動線、以人為本的設計、光線和透光性以及永續性綠建築等設計,提供更加便捷、舒適、安全和環保的轉乘服務;車站建築美學設計從自我詩性的構想出發,利用不同的建材及永續綠建築的技術應用,並考量慮當地的文化特色和歷史背景,將這些元素融入到建築,建構出屬於當地地方的車站獨特造型,形成城市中標誌性地標;另外,於都市場域考量以城市環境的融合及文化認同,使車站成為連結當地市民文化活動、商業活動、生態休閒活動與公共集會的都市客廳,創建一個新的城市廣場和易於接近的車站建築。
    因深感車站設計是臺灣鐵路營運及都市發展是重大指標工程,而車站整合性的創新技術更是與時俱進,故釐清車站設計因子的影響關係,進而找出不同以往的專業框架,提升創意設計品質,從中尋找出建築設計理念的發展方向。冀望文本能對臺灣未來車站能提出從交通樞紐、美學及都市場域等關鍵因子之創新技術整合性的設計理念,能作為未來車站設計的參考。

    Railway stations serve as spatial memory carriers of cities, and new station designs are considered as the best representation of the transition from local traditional culture to the future era. Urban development has long been influenced by urban railways, which often create barriers and divide the city into separate areas, affecting the coherence of urban activity systems and leading to the deterioration of railway and station surroundings. Consequently, the cityscape and overall development are compromised.
    Station construction should not be limited to the architect's subjective presentation of architectural aesthetics and cultural implications. Instead, it is essential to grasp the key factors of station design, redefine the appearance of old and new historical resources, connect urban textures, establish transportation hubs, and incorporate innovative technological applications. The goal is to reposition these elements to achieve a "good design."
    This article will analyze and document notable station design cases by renowned architects who have received prestigious awards, comparing key factors such as transportation hubs, aesthetics, and urban environments. It will also incorporate the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) urban development model to identify the key factors in recent metropolitan station designs. The aim is to meet the requirements for station functionality, aesthetics, and human-centric design while also considering environmental friendliness, energy conservation, and carbon reduction. Ultimately, this will enhance the smoothness of urban transportation and improve the quality of life for city residents.
    Through the practical application of integrated design for transportation hubs, aesthetics, and urban environments, the study will focus on the functionality and flow of station hubs, human-centered design, lighting and transparency, and sustainable green building design. The goal is to provide more convenient, comfortable, safe, and eco-friendly transfer services. Station architectural aesthetics will be conceived from a poetic perspective, utilizing different materials and sustainable green building techniques, while considering local cultural characteristics and historical contexts. These elements will be integrated into the architecture to create unique station designs that become iconic landmarks in the city. Furthermore, the study will consider the integration of the station into the urban environment and cultural identity, making the station a city lounge that connects local cultural life, commercial operations, ecological leisure activities, and public gatherings. This will create a new urban square and an easily accessible station building.
    Given the significant role of station design in Taiwan's railway operations and urban development, as well as the need for innovative and integrated technologies that keep pace with the times, it is crucial to clarify the relationships of station design factors. This will help identify a new professional framework that enhances the quality of creative design and determines the development direction of architectural design concepts. It is hoped that this text can offer innovative, integrated design concepts based on key factors such as transportation hubs, aesthetics, and urban environments as a reference for future station designs in Taiwan.

    第一章 緒論 1 第一節、研究背景與動機 1 第二節、研究目的與方針 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節、現代車站設計的問題特徵 5 第二節、交通樞紐的車站建築的基本機能 11 第三節、導入大眾運輸導向型發展TOD的理論 19 第三章 研究方法 25 第一節、研究方法、進行步驟 25 第二節、研究流程 25 第三節、國外知名車站設計案例 26 第四章、交通樞紐、美學、都市場域設計因子的創作應用 71 第一節、創作理念 71 第二節、創作主題 72 第三節、設計案說明 72 第五章、研究結論及後續建議 92 第一節、研究結論 92 第二節、研究意涵 95 第三節、後續建議 95 參考文獻 97 一、中文文獻 97 二、英文文獻 98 三、網路文獻 100

    一、中文文獻
    (一) . Peter G. Rowe. 著.劉育東 審訂.王昭仁譯 (建築情報叢刊1999-03) Design Thinking.
    (二).陳勝智. (2001). 以大眾運輸導向發展理念進行車站地區都市再發展之探討. 國立成功大學, 臺南市.
    (三).賴炳樹. (2003). 板橋車站地區商業空間結構變遷之分析.國立臺灣大學建築與城鄉研究所碩士論文. 1-1~6-4
    (四).李家儂, & 賴宗裕. (2005). 臺灣地區大眾運輸導向發展之落實-借鏡美國的實施經驗. 都市交通, 20(3),頁1-16.
    (五).簡龍鳳.(2008 ) 民間參與捷運場站土地開發模式之制度經濟分析.政治大學地政研究所學位論文.1-158
    (六). 林嘉慧.(2008 ) 大眾運輸導向發展引導都市空間再造之策略研究. 中國文化大學建築及都市計畫研究所學位論文.1-166
    (七).臺灣鐵路管理局工務處.(2008).臺灣鐵路管理局工新建車站及沿線景觀設計參考手冊, pp1-136.
    (八).江尚書. (2009). 新自由主義化下的都市再發展: 以臺北車站特定專用區為例. 臺灣大學地理環境資源學研究所學位論文, 1-113.
    (九).吳曜馨. (2009). 活化型生態大眾運輸村選址評估架構之研究—以高雄市鐵路地下化地區為例. 成功大學都市計劃學系學位論文, 1-87.
    (十).吳綱立,林更岳.張智勝(2010). 生態大眾運輸導向發展理念的車站地區土地使用評估架構與規劃策略之研究. 頁1-14.
    (十一).交通部鐵路改建工程局.(2011).鐵路車站旅運與站務設施設計注意事項. 頁1-64.
    (十二).吳欣祐. (2013). 大眾運輸導向發展下低碳城市規劃設計策略之研究-以新北市板橋站為例. 臺北大學不動產與城鄉環境學系學位論文, 1-99.
    (十三).李謁政.( 2017年7月).現代性的空間美學批判:解析現代建築的美學及設計場域的審美化.環境與藝術學刊 第十八期,第 73~84 頁
    (十四).吳純櫻.(2019).都會車站、場域及轉乘系統的設計準則優化.臺灣大學學位論文
    (十五). 高郁婷、王志弘.( 2021年12月). 地方標誌性建築的設計治理:臺鐵花東線車站改建計畫研究.地理研究 第74期
    二、英文文獻
    (一). Brian Edwards. (1996) Modern Railway Stations Design.
    (二).Ewa Maria KIDO.(2005) Aesthetic aspects of railway stations in Japan and Europe,as a part of “Context sensitive design of raiways”, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 6, pp. 4381 – 4396.
    (三). Marius Leutenegger.(2006.06)Aesthetic of disappearance,Global Holcim Award Gold.
    (四).Osman Attmann. (2010) Green Architecture: Advanced Technologies and Materials.
    (五). Network Rail. (2011) Guide to Station Planning and Design.
    (六). Ben Maandag .(2014) Rotterdam Centraal: Bouwen boven en onder de grond.
    (七).Alyn Griffiths. (2014) Rotterdam Centraal station reopens with a pointed metal-clad entrance,Dezeen.
    (八).Transport for London. (2016) Station planning standards and guidelines. pp1-113.
    (九).WMATA. (2017) Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority station area planning guide, pp1-116.
    (十).Andy Milne. (2017.06) Rail Engineer ,Napoli Afragola – Italy’s remarkable new station.
    (十一).Zacharias, John.Zhang, Tianxin & Nakajima, Naoto.(2018). Tokyo Station City: The railway station as urban place, urban design International, Volume 16, Issue 4, pp 242–251.
    (十二). Arup.(2018) Future of Rail 2050.
    (十三).Philip Jodidio .(2019) Calatrava . Complete Works 1979–Today.
    (十四).Philip Jodidio .(2020) Zaha Hadid. Complete Works 1979–Today. 2020 Edition.
    (十五). NetworkRail. (2021) Station Design Guidance。pp12-89.
    (十六).floornature architectural surfaces.(2021) McAslan’s King’s Cross Station in steel and glass panels.
    三、網路文獻
    (一).Mecanoo. (2018) Kaohsiung Station, https://www.mecanoo.nl/Projects/project/170/Kaohsiung-Station.
    (二).Dima Stouhi.(2022.01) Foster + Partners Wins Competition to Design Central Station in Stockholm ,ArchDaily, https://www.archdaily.com/975386/foster-plus-partners-wins-competition-to-design-central-station-in-stockholm.
    (三).ArchDaily .(2012) King’s Cross Station / John McAslan + Partners, https://www.archdaily.com/219082/kings-cross-station-john-mcaslan-partners
    (四).ArchDaily .(2015) "Rotterdam Central Station / West 8 + Benthem Crouwel Architects + MVSA Architects", https://www.archdaily.com/588218/rotterdam-central-station-benthem-crouwel-architects-mvsa-meyer-en-van-schooten-architecten-and-west-8
    (五).ArchDaily .(2016) World Trade Center Transportation Hub / Santiago Calatrava2, https://www.archdaily.com/783965/world-trade-center-transportation-hub-santiago-calatrava?ad_medium=gallery

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