摘 要
本論文旨在闡釋巴代耶如何發展其溝通的概念以作為他的社會關懷。對於巴代耶而言，人類的歷史為其喪失與他人產生立即經驗，也就是無法進行親密溝通之一段永不停息的追尋。而人類無法溝通的困窘乃是來自其對生存完整性的偏見所致。然而，這種由於無法溝通而喪失親密性的情形也是社會同質化的結果。此同質化的過程主要導因為現代資本主義的發展。其同質化過程意圖將人類的主體性減化為一具有疏離感且遭物化的物品，甚至進而排除任何無法同化的社會形式。
從人類學家涂爾幹和莫斯對於原始宗教活動的描述中，巴代耶看見了一絲希望且體認到一解決現代人類無法溝通的方法。透過犧牲儀式和禮物給予的群眾活動之下，所產生的激情互動，將會使人心中激發出一種極度的狂喜和狂悲。而此種人類高度激情的釋放對巴代耶而言乃屬於一種具有神聖性的情感。透過此神聖性的力量，人們因而產生了一種去差異性的過程，進而到達一平等的境界而相互溝通。而此種曾經在原始社會中扮演一聚眾及轉化功能的神聖性力量亦可被延續到現今社會中。然而，巴代耶以為，惟有在以無社區狀態為基礎的人類組織中，人們才能真正地達到溝通的境地。

Abstract
This thesis attempts to explicate how Bataille develops his idea of communication as his social concern. For Bataille, the history of human beings is an unquenchable search for the lost experience of immediacy with the other, that is, intimate communication. This predicament of human incommunicability is a result of the prejudice of human beings against the totality of their existence. Loss of intimacy through incommunicability is also a consequence of a process of social homogenization. This homogenizing process mainly derives from the development of modern capitalism, which intends to reduce human subjectivity into an alienated and reified object and to exclude any inassimilable social forms from this given order of things.
In the descriptions of primitive religious activities by anthropologists Emile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss, Bataille glimpses a ray of hope and discerns a way out of modern human incommunicability. Through intense interaction in such collective encounters as a sacrificial rite or a gift-giving potlatch, the release of human passion gives rise to the extremes of ecstasy and anguish which, for Bataille, belong to the category of the sacred sensibility. Serving as contemptuous gestures towards the enslavement of work and the law of homogenization, the sacred spirits challenge social constraints such as rank and wealth and propel everyone to experience a process of material and spiritual dedifferentiation, fusing all particular sentiments into one common sentiment without any interference of artificial regulations. Through this “communion,” human beings can approach the realm of genuine communication. This transformative force of the sacred, once cementing the separate individuals in primitive societies together, can be extended to the contemporary society. However, Bataille concludes that an intimate communication can only be achieved within a sphere whose foundation is the absence of community.

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