簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 李俊宏
Lee, Chun-Hong
論文名稱: 從優選理論分析南王卑南語重疊詞
On Nanwang Puyuma Reduplication: An Optimality Theoretic Analysis
指導教授: 林蕙珊
Lin, Hui-Shan
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 英語學系
Department of English
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 100
中文關鍵詞: 卑南語重疊詞優選理論
英文關鍵詞: Puyuma, reduplication, Optimality Theory
DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202203387
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:214下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本篇論文目的在重新分類南王卑南語重疊詞,並從優選理論分析之。文獻中提到南王卑南語呈現豐富的重疊詞形式,依據前人文獻,卑南語重疊詞可分成七類:詞彙化重疊、第一音節重疊、連續重疊、右向重疊、Ca- 重疊、CVC 重疊與CV.CV重疊。本研究經重新分析語料,認為卑南語重疊詞分類應分為六類:詞彙化重疊、第一音節重疊、連續重疊、完全重疊、Ca- 重疊與右向重疊。此分類認為文獻中提到的CVC重疊應分析成C.CV重疊,且C.CV重疊應與CV.CV重疊共屬右向重疊一類。本文論述優選理論中的標記性制約(markedness constraint)及信實性制約(faithfulness constraint)可為卑南語右向重疊與Ca-重疊提出合理解釋。右向重疊中有一類特殊的重疊詞必須遵守韻腳條件制約,形成CV重疊詞。此外,優選理論中的標記性制約(markedness constraint)可預測 Ca- 重疊中的預設元音(fixed vowel)。最後,本論文採用ROE模型(Rank-Ordering Model of EVAL)解釋牽涉指稱人類複數型的重疊詞時可能產生的變異現象(variation)。ROE模型可預測Ca- 重疊詞與右向重疊詞的使用頻率,後者的頻率高於前者。

    The thesis aims to re-categorize the reduplication in Nanwang Puyuma and provide an analysis within the framework of Optimality Theory. Previous works dedicated to Puyuma phonology have discovered diverse reduplicant patterns, including lexicalized root reduplication, first syllable reduplication, serial reduplication, rightward reduplication, Ca- reduplication, CVC- reduplication, and CVCV- reduplication. The thesis argues that CVC- reduplication should be re-classified into CCV- reduplication. Furthermore, CCV- reduplication and CVCV- reduplication should be subsumed under rightward reduplication.
    An OT analysis is presented to show that the reduplicant shape, copying direction, and reduplicant placement are attributed to interactions between markedness and faithfulness constraints. An uncommon undersized CV reduplicant is a result of obedience to RimeCond. The fixed vowel in Ca- reduplication can also be accounted for from an Optimality Theoretic perspective. Finally, with regard to the special case where two reduplicant patterns share the same function, Rank-Ordering Model of EVAL (ROE) is able to help predict the variants and their relative frequencies.

    摘要...........................................i Abstract.....................................ii 謝辭 Acknowledgement.........................iii Table of Contents............................iv Chapter 1 Introduction..................................................................1 1.1 Phonemic Inventory and Phonology of Puyuma........................2 1.1.1 Phonemic Inventory..............................................................2 1.1.2 Syllable Structure.................................................................3 1.1.3 Stress Assignment................................................................6 1.2 Organization of the Thesis.......................................................6 Chaper 2 Literature Review.............................................................7 2.1 Previous Analysis on Puyuma Reduplication..............................7 2.1.1 Ca- reduplication...................................................................8 2.1.2 CVCV- Reduplication..............................................................9 2.1.3 CVC- Reduplication................................................................11 2.1.4 Rightward Reduplication.........................................................11 2.1.5 Weaknesses of Previous Analyses of Puyuma Reduplication.....12 2.2 Theoretical Background..............................................................13 2.2.1 Optimality Theory....................................................................13 2.2.2 Correspondence Theory...........................................................14 2.2.3 Rank-Ordering Model of EVAL (ROE).........................................15 Chapter 3 Analyzing Puyuma Reduplication.......................................18 3.1 Re-categorization of Puyuma Reduplication.................................18 3.1.1 Revised Functions of Puyuma Reduplication..............................18 3.1.2 Rightward Reduplication............................................................24 3.1.2.1 The Reduplicant Shape of Rightward Reduplication.................26 3.1.2.2 The Moraic Status of Puyuma..................................................28 3.1.2.3 Exceptional CV Reduplicants...................................................57 3.1.3 Ca- Reduplication......................................................................58 3.2 A Question Raised in the Re-categorization..................................59 Chapter 4 An OT Analysis...................................................................63 4.1 Rightward Reduplication...............................................................63 4.1.1 CV.CVC-BASE............................................................................63 4.1.2 C.CVC-BASE .............................................................................68 4.2 Ca- Reduplication........................................................................76 4.3 Overlap of Reduplicant Functions.................................................85 Chapter 5 Conclusion.........................................................................93 References..........................................................................................95

    Alderete, John, Jill Beckman, Laura Benua, Amalia Gnanadesikan, John J. McCarthy, and Suzanne Urbanczyk. 1999. Reduplication with fixed segmentism. Linguistic Inquiry 30.3:327-364.
    Anttila, Arto. 1997. Deriving variation from grammar. In Hinskens et al. (1997). 35–68.
    Ashby, Patricia. 2013. Understanding phonetics. Routledge.
    Ball, Martin J., and Joan Rahilly. 2014. Phonetics: The science of speech. Routledge.
    Benua, Laura. 1997. Transderivational Identity: Phonological Relations Between Words. Amherst: University of Massachusetts dissertation.
    Blust, Robert. 1998. Ca-reduplication and Proto-Austronesian grammar. Oceanic Linguistics, 29-64.
    Boersma, Paul (1998). Functional phonology: formalizing the interactions between articulatory and perceptual drives. PhD dissertation, University of Amsterdam.
    Boersma, Paul & Bruce Hayes (2001). Empirical tests of the Gradual Learning Algorithm. LI 32. 45–86.
    Bril, Isabelle. 2005. Semantic and functional diversification of reciprocal and middle prefixes in New Caledonian and other Austronesian languages. Linguistic typology 9.1: 25-76.
    Brown, Goold. 1851. The Grammar of English Grammars. New York.
    Cauquelin, Josiane. 2015. Nanwang-Puyuma English Dictionary. Taipei: Academia Sinica, Institute of Linguistics.
    Chang, M. Laura. 1998. Thao reduplication. Oceanic Linguistics, 277-297.
    Churchill, T.O. 1823. A New Grammar of the English Language. London.
    Cleghorn, T. L., & Rugg, N. M. (2011). Comprehensive Articulatory Phonetics: A Tool for Mastering the World's Languages. NM Rugg.
    Clements, George. 1990. The role of the sonority cycle in core syllabification. Papers in Laboratory Phonology I, edited by John Kingston & Mary Beckmann, 283-333.
    Clements, G. N., and Elizabeth Hume. 1995. The internal organization of speech sounds. In The handbook of phonological theory, ed. John Goldsmith, 245-307. Oxford: Blackwell.
    Coetzee, Andries W. 2006. Variation as accessing ‘non-optimal’ candidates. Phonology 23.3:337-385.
    Crowhurst, Megan. 2004. Mora alignment. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 22(1), 127-177.
    de Lacy, Paul. 2004. Markedness conflation in Optimality Theory. Phonology 21.2: 145-200.
    Downing, Laura J. 1998. Prosodic misalignment and reduplication. In Yearbook of Morphology 1997 (pp. 83-120). Springer Netherlands.
    Downing, Laura J. 2000. Satisfying minimality in Ndebele. ZAS Papers in Linguistics 19:23-39.
    Duanmu, San. 2003. The Syllable Phonology of Mandarin and Shanghai. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (pp. 86-102).
    Everett, Daniel L. 1996. Prosodic levels and constraints in Banawá and Suruwahá. Available at Rutgers Optimality Archive (http://roa.rutgers.edu/, ROA#121-0496).
    Everett, Daniel L. 2003. Iambic feet in Paumari and the theory of foot structure. Linguistic Discovery 2.1:22-44.
    Fowler, Henry W. 1926. A Dictionary of Modern English Usage. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
    Gafos, Diamandis. 1998. A-templatic reduplication. Linguistic Inquiry, 29(3), 515-527.
    Gilman, E. Ward. 1989. Webster's dictionary of English usage. Merriam-Webster.
    Goldsmith, John. 1976. Autosegmental Phonology, Doctoral dissertation, MIT.
    Goldsmith, John. 1990. Autosegmental and metrical phonology. Vol. 1. Basil Blackwell.
    Gordon, Matthew. 2007. Syllable weight: phonetics, phonology, typology. Routledge.
    Gouskova, Maria. 2004. Minimal reduplication as a paradigm uniformity effect. Proceedings of the 23rd West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL-23), ed. by Vineeta Chand, Ann Kelleher, Angelo J. Rodríguez & Benjamin Schmeiser, 265-278. Somerville: Cascadilla Press.
    Huang, Lillian M. 2000. A Reference Grammar of Puyuma [in Chinese]. Formosan Series 10. Taipei: Yuanliou.
    Itô, Junko, and R. Armin Mester. 1993. Licensed segments and safe paths. Canadian Journal of Linguistics 38.2:197-213.
    Ja¨ger, Gerhard (2003). Maximum entropy models and Stochastic Optimality Theory. Available as ROA-625 from the Rutgers Optimality Archive.
    Kager, René. 1999. Optimality Theory. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press.
    Kenstowicz, Michael. 1997. Quality-sensitive stress. Rivista de Linguistica 9.1: 157-187.
    Kim, Gyung-Ran. 2000. Manner assimilation in Korean. LANGUAGE RESEARCH-SEOUL-, 37(1), 157-176.
    Krämer, Martin. 2009. The phonology of Italian. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Kurisu, Kazutaka. 2001. The phonology of morpheme realization Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ. ISO 690
    Ladefoged, Peter, and Keith Johnson. 2014. A course in phonetics. Nelson Education.
    Lee, A. P. J. (2007). A typological study on reduplication in Formosan languages Doctoral dissertation, University of Essex.
    Lin, Hui-Shan. 2010. Disyllabic verbal reduplication in Pazih─ Leftward or rightward. Language and Linguistics, 11(4), 679-733.
    Lin, Hui-Shan. 2012. Variations in Kavalan Reduplication. Language and Linguistics, 13.6 (2012): 1051-1093.
    Lin, Yen-Hwei. 2015. OT Factorial Typology and the Typology of Mandarin Mid Vowel Assimilation. Language and Linguistics, 16(6), 769-789.
    Lin, Ying-Chin. 1984. Phonological analysis of Puyuma [in Chinese]. Man and culture. 19, 114-130.
    Lombardi, Linda. 1995. Why Place and Voice are different: Constraint interactions and feature faithfulness in Optimality Theory. Ms., University of Maryland, College Park.
    Lombardi, Linda. 2001. Why Place and Voice are different: Constraint-specific alternations in Optimality Theory. Segmental phonology in Optimality Theory: Constraints and representations, 13-45.
    Lu, Shun-Chieh. 2003. An Optimality Theory approach to reduplication in Formosan languages. MA thesis, National Cheng-chih University. Taipei.
    McCarthy, John. 1993. A case of surface constraint violation. Constraint-based theories in multilinear phonology, special issue of Canadian Journal of Linguistics, 169.
    McCarthy, John and Alan Prince. 1988. Quantitative Transfer in Reduplicative and Templatic Morphology, in Linguistic Society of Korea, ed., Linguistics in the Morning Calm 2, Hanshin Publishing Co., Seoul. Pp. 3-35.
    McCarthy, John J. and Prince, Alan. 1993. Prosodic morphology I: constraint interaction and satisfaction. Manuscript. Amherst: University of Massachusetts; New Brunswick: Rutgers University.
    McCarthy, John J. and Prince, Alan. 1994. The emergence of the unmarked: Optimality in prosodic morphology. In Proceedings of the North East Linguistic Society 24, ed. Mercè Gonzàlez, pp. 333-79. Amherst, MA: GLSA Publications. ROA-13
    McCarthy, John J. and Prince, Alan. 1995. Faithfulness and Reduplicative Identity. In University of Massachusetts Occasional Papers in Linguistics 18, ed. Jill Beckman, Laura Walsh Dickey, and Suzanne Urbanczyk, pp. 249-384. Amherst, MA: GLSA Publications. ROA-60.
    Nagy, Naomi & Bill Reynolds (1997). Optimality Theory and variable word-final deletion in Faetar. Language Variation and Change 9. 37–55.
    Oostendorp, Marc van. 1995. Vowel quality and syllable projection. Doctoral dissertation, Catholic University of Brabant.
    Prince, Alan S., and Paul Smolensky. 1993. Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. Report No. RuCCS-TR-2. New Brunswick: Center for Cognitive Science, Rutgers University.
    Reynolds, William (1994). Variation and phonological theory. PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
    Smolensky, Paul. 1993. Harmony, markedness, and phonological activity. Handout of talk presented at Rutgers Optimality Workshop-1. New Brunswick: Rutger University.
    Smolensky, Paul. 1995. On the Internal Structure of the Constraint Component of UG. Colloquium presented at the University of California, Los Angeles. [ROA-86.]
    Smolensky, Paul. 1997. Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar II: Local Conjunction or Random Rules in Universal Grammar. Handout of talk presented at Hopkins Optimality Theory Workshop/Maryland Mayfest, Baltimore, MD.
    Teng, Stacy Fang-ching, 2008. A Reference Grammar of Puyuma, an Austronesian Language of Taiwan. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
    Ting, Pang-Hsin. 1978. Reconstruction of proto-Puyuma phonology. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology Academia Sinica, 49(3), 321-392.
    Tsuchida, Shigeru. 1980. Puyuma (Tamalakaw Dialect) Vocabulary with Grammatical Notes and Texts. Tokyo: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.
    Tsuchida, Shigeru. 1995. Alienable and inalienable distinction in Puyuma? Austronesian Studies Relating to Taiwan, ed. by Paul Jen-juei Li, Cheng-hwa Tsang, Ying-kuei Huang, Dah-an Ho & Chiu-yu Tseng, 793-804. Taipei: Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica.
    Vance, Timothy J. 2008. The sounds of Japanese with audio CD. Cambridge University Press,
    Zeitoun, Elizabeth, and Chen-huei Wu. 2006. An overview of reduplication in Formosan languages. Streams Converging Into an Ocean: Festschrift in Honor of Professor Paul Jen-kuei Li on his 70th Birthday, ed. by Henry Y. Chang, Lillian M. Huang & Dah-an Ho, 97-142. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.

    無法下載圖示 本全文未授權公開
    QR CODE