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研究生: 顏克典
論文名稱: 間歇低氧訓練對有氧適能與心率變異性表現之影響
The Effects of Intermittent Normobaric Hypoxia Training on
指導教授: 林正常
Lin, Jung-Charng
郭博昭
Kuo, Bo-Jau
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 113
中文關鍵詞: 間歇性常壓低氧訓練自主神經系統心率變異性低氧有氧運動能力
英文關鍵詞: Intermittent hypoxic training, autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability, hypoxia, aerobic performance
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:298下載:58
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  • 間歇性常壓低氧訓練是藉由低濃度氧氣製造器,營造常壓低氧環境,
    訓練操作爲吸入低氧混合氣 5 至 15 分鐘,再間歇吸入一般正常空氣 5 至
    15 分鐘,一次訓練重複 4 至 6 次循環,以 5 至24 天爲一訓練階段。研究
    目的:探討連續15 日間歇低氧刺激結合運動訓練對有氧運動能力與心臟
    自主神經系統調控之影響。研究方法: 30 位男性運動員隨機分配為間歇
    低氧運動訓練組(intermittent hypoxic training, IH+E, 12%O2; N=10)、間
    歇常氧運動訓練組(intermittent normoxia training, IN+E, 21%O2; N=10)與
    間歇低氧未運動訓練組(intermittent hypoxic control group, IH, 12%O2;
    N=10)等三組。連續執行 15 日間接低/常氧刺激,結合踩踏腳踏車功率器
    運動訓練/安靜操作 5 分鐘,間接常氧休息恢復 5 分鐘,配合運動負荷為
    65% 攝氧峰值負荷強度,共 6 循環計 60 分鐘,紀錄實驗操作前後之心率
    與呼吸頻率變異性;另評估 15 日實驗操作前、後之有氧運動能力(攝氧
    峰值、乳酸閾值作功值)及相關生理調控表現(身體組成、血液學指標、
    兒茶酚胺濃度)之變化。結果:一、間歇低氧運動訓練組顯著提升紅血球
    生成素(23%)、網狀紅血球計數(10.4%)與血紅素(14.7%)之生理表
    現,另亦增加攝氧峰值(26.7%)與乳酸閾值作功值(43.9%)等有氧運動
    能力;二、各組間身體組成並無差異;三、間歇低氧運動訓練組經連續15
    日間歇低氧刺激結合運動訓練後,其耗竭運動後去甲基腎上腺素分泌濃度
    變化率提升206.2%, 明顯高於其他二組;四、連續15 日間歇低氧結合運
    動訓練初期調控心臟之自主神經系統活性下降47.3%,副交感神經系統活
    性下降64.3%,另交感神經系統活性於初期顯示先迅速增加再行劇烈下降
    之震盪趨勢,三者均於中、後訓練階段逐步提升,顯示為適應間歇低氧結
    合運動訓練之強烈刺激,體內乃誘發較佳之自主神經系統調控心臟能力;
    然而身體須於訓練初期忍受自主神經系統驅策力之劇烈震盪調適。結論:
    結合運動之間歇低氧訓練有利於強化有氧運動能力,並誘發體內較佳之自
    主神經系統調控驅策心臟能力;然而為確保訓練初期體內自主調適之安全
    性,需於運動訓練過程,針對心率變異性加以持續監控。

    Objective: Interval normobaric hypoxic training (IHT) consists of repeated
    (three to more times) short periods (5-15 min each) of steady or progressive
    hypoxia, interrupted by similar periods of rest/recovery. Aim: to determine the
    effects of IHT on aerobic endurance and cardiac autonomic modulation in
    adolescents. Method: Thirty male adolescents completed a 15 days IHT regimen
    (5:5-min hypoxia-to-normoxia ratio for 60 min) of intermittent normobaric
    hypoxia (12%O2) combining 65% peak oxygen comsumption (V

    O2peak) (IH+E),
    intermittent normobaric normoxia (21%O2) combining 65% V

    O2peak (IN+E) or
    intermittent normobaric hypoxia (12%O2) only at rest (IH). Transfer function
    analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration were measured during
    IHT used to characterize low- (mainly sympathetic) and high-frequency (vagal)
    cardiovascular fluctuations. Before and after IHT experimental protocol, we
    recorded body composition and hematologic indexes at rest in the morning.
    Subjects were performed the incremental exercise test. Lactate threshold (LT),
    V ‧
    O2peak and catecholamines changes (CAs) were determined to refer as the
    aerobic capacity. Results: (1)There were significantly increased hematologic
    indexes in EPO (23%), reticularcyte count (10.4%) and hemoglobin (14.7%)
    after IHT in IH+E. (2)No significant changes were found on body composition.
    (3)The performances of LT (43.9%) and relatived V

    O2peak( 26.7%)were
    improved after IHT in IH+E. Plasma noradrenaline level after exhaustion test
    were increasing 206.2% significantly in IH+E. (4) IHT decreased
    sympathovagal tone in the initial stage and recovered progressively in later
    period. Chronic IHT combining exercise induced better sympathovagal balance,
    leading to greater tolerance of chronic hypoxia. Conclusion: These results
    suggested that exercise in combination with IHT might have a benefit for the
    aerobic performance and cardiac autonomic modulation.

    口試委員與系主任簽字證書…………………………… i 授權書…………………………………………………… ii 中文摘要………………………………………………… iv 英文摘要………………………………………………… v 謝 誌 …………………………………………………… vi 目 次 …………………………………………………… vii 表 次 …………………………………………………… x 圖 次 …………………………………………………… xi 第壹章 緒論 第一節 前言………………………………………………………… 1 第二節 問題背景…………………………………………………… 3 第三節 研究的重要性……………………………………………… 7 第四節 研究目的…………………………………………………… 8 第五節 研究假設…………………………………………………… 8 第六節 研究範圍與限制…………………………………………… 8 第七節 名詞操作性定義…………………………………………… 9 第貳章 相關文獻探討 第一節 自然低氧環境建構之低氧訓練模式及其研究進展……… 14 第二節 間歇性常壓低氧訓練研究進展…………………………… 19 第三節 心率變異性分析…………………………………………… 23 第四節 心率變異性分析在臨床應用之相關研究………………… 26 第五節 本章總結…………………………………………………… 30 第參章 研究方法與步驟 第一節 受試對象…………………………………………………… 31 第二節 實驗設計…………………………………………………… 31 第三節 實驗日期…………………………………………………… 32 第四節 實驗地點…………………………………………………… 32 第五節 實驗流程…………………………………………………… 33 第六節 實驗器材…………………………………………………… 35 第七節 測驗項目及實施方法.............................................................. 37 第八節 統計分析與資料處理.............................................................. 44 第肆章 結 果 第一節 受試者基本資料…………………………………………… 45 第二節 間歇低氧運動訓練對身體組成的影響…………………… 46 第三節 間歇低氧運動訓練對血液學指標的影響………………… 47 第四節 間歇低氧運動訓練對有氧運動能力表現之影響………… 49 第五節 間歇低氧運動訓練對兒茶酚胺分泌濃度之影響………… 50 第六節 間歇低氧運動訓練對心率變異性之影響………………… 53 第七節 間歇低氧運動訓練對心率變異性與兒茶酚胺濃度變化 之 相關探討……………………………………………………66 第伍章 討 論 第一節 受試者背景資料差異性之探討…………………………… 72 第二節 間歇低氧訓練對身體組成之作用效應…………………… 73 第三節 間歇低氧訓練對血液攜氧能力之作用效應……………… 73 第四節 間歇低氧訓練對有氧運動能力之作用效應……………… 77 第五節 間歇低氧訓練對自主神經系統急、慢性調控之作用效應 81 第陸章 結論與建議 第一節 結論………………………………………………………… 86 第二節 建議………………………………………………………… 87 引用文獻 88 附錄一 受試者須知……………………………………………………… 96 附錄二 健康情況調查表………………………………………………… 97 附錄三 受試者自願同意書……………………………………………… 99 附錄四 間歇低氧運動訓練前受試者基本資料與身體組成資料表…… 100 附錄五 間歇低氧運動訓練後受試者基本資料與身體組成資料表…… 101 附錄六 間歇低氧運動訓練前受試者有氧運動能力資料表…………… 102 附錄七 間歇低氧運動訓練後受試者有氧運動能力資料表…………… 103 附錄八 間歇低氧運動訓練前受試者血液學參數資料表……………… 104 附錄九 間歇低氧運動訓練後受試者血液學參數資料表……………… 105 附錄十 第 1 天間歇低氧運動訓練前安靜狀況受試者心率變異性資料 表………………………………………………………………… 106 附錄十一 第 3 天間歇低氧運動訓練前安靜狀況受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 107 附錄十二 第 5 天間歇低氧運動訓練前安靜狀況受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 108 附錄十三 第 10 天間歇低氧運動訓練前安靜狀況受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 109 附錄十四 第 15 天間歇低氧運動訓練前安靜狀況受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 110 附錄十五 第 1 天間歇低氧運動訓練後恢復階段受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 111 附錄十六 第 15 天間歇低氧運動訓練後恢復階段受試者心率變異性資 料表…………………………………………………………… 112 個人小傳…………………………………………………………………… 113

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