本研究的目的在於探討現行國中課程內有關酸鹼概念的學習，我國國三學
生對於此概念的理解程度及可能存在的迷思概念。研究對象取自台北市立
景興國中的國三學生合計共三百四十一人。研究重點是統整國中理化教材
內的酸鹼概念，建立教學目標，完成概念構圖；然後據此設計晤談、選擇
題紙筆測驗和開放式紙筆問卷等研究工具，針對學生的回答資料，分別作
定性與定量分析。茲將研究的主要結果摘述如下：一．學生對於酸鹼的定
義可分為描述性定義、操作型定義與離子模型等三類，同時對於酸的瞭解
皆甚於鹼。部分學生會以味覺來判別物質的酸鹼性，將具有酸味、鹹味、
甜味的物質分別歸為酸性、鹼性、中性。二．在強酸和弱酸的定義上，大
都認為是腐蝕性的不同，部分學生會直接以pH值的大小來判斷該酸的強弱
。三．學生大都瞭解酸鹼中和的意義，並確定其為放熱反應，但對於鹽類
的生成與種類的判斷、中和反應之方程式與淨離子反應方程式的表達、以
及酸鹼中和的反應量計算上，皆有困難。部分學生對酸鹼中和後溶液的酸
鹼性判斷，會從參與中和反應之各酸鹼的強弱來考慮，以為中和反應在原
先各自酸與鹼所解離出的離子作用完後就停止，由結束時的氫離子與氫氧
根離子多寡決定最後溶液的酸鹼性。

The main purpose of this study was to explore the compre-
hensive level of our junior high school students in the
third grade in regard to the concepts and misconceptions
about acids and bases. The total 341 students for basic
observation and further discussion involved were from Ching–
Hsing Junior High School, Taipei. This study was based on
the present Physics– Chemistry textbooks for junior high
school students. It attempted to reorganize the concepts of
acids and bases mentioned in those textbooks, to re-establish
the main instructional objectives, and to develop a concept
mapping. The three research instruments which were
generated by the concept mapping included interviews, a
multiple-choice test and a open-ended questionnaire. Analyses
of the quantitative and qualitative data were done according
to the students' responses. The following summary was the
main conclusions of this study : 1. The students gave three
kinds of definitions of acids and bases and understood acids
better than bases. Some students classified materials as
either acidic or basic in accordance with the taste ; they
thought sour materials acidic, salty materials basic, and sweet
materials neutral. 2. Most students considered that the
difference between strong acids and weak acids was the nature
of etching. Some students distinguished the strength of
acids by the pH values. 3. Most students understood the
meaning of neutralization, and associated the release of heat
with the reaction between an acid and a base. But they had
difficulties in identifying its product – salt, in
completing a chemical equation and a net ionic equation, and
in calculating stoichiometric amounts about a
neutralization reaction.
The main purpose of this study was to explore the compre-