本研究之目的為了解非胰島素依賴型糖尿病患之基本資料變項、憂鬱程度與血糖控制情形，探討基本資料變項對憂鬱程度與血糖控制情形的影響，以及探討憂鬱程度與血糖控制情形的關係。
本研究立意選取台北市立中興醫院及台北市立慢性病防治院新陳代謝科門診之非胰島素依賴型糖尿病患276人為研究對象。由訪視員利用門診時間前往蒐集資料，包括基本資料變項及憂鬱程度，另請門診醫師登錄糖化血色素數值並填具有無併發症。
研究對象以女性、60歲以上、小學畢業、目前沒有工作、已婚及肥胖者居多。多數研究對象不吸菸、沒有喝過酒、沒有定期運動的習慣及具有正向飲食行為。其平均罹病年數7.53年，多數沒有併發症，半數之血親患有糖尿病。研究對象多數接受口服降血糖藥的治療，且按醫師指示吃藥，平均治療年數為6.84年。研究對象普遍有憂鬱的情形。半數以上的研究對象血糖控制情形屬不良程度。研究對象之憂鬱程度在性別、職業、婚姻、定期運動、飲食情形、併發症、運動控制，以及服藥情形等變項上有顯著的差異；血糖控制情形在併發症、注射胰島素以及中醫療法等變項上有顯著的差異。研究對象之憂鬱程度與血糖控制情形間無顯著的相關。

The Objective of study was to access basic data, depression and glycemic control of outpatients with type 2 diabetes, to examine the influence of basic data on depression and glycemic control, and to measure the relationship between depression and glycemic control.
Two hospitals of outpatients with type 2 diabetes were selected by purposive sampling. Totally 276 subjects were interviewed. Basic data and depression defined by CES-D were assessed by questionnaire. Complications and glycemic control measured using GHb were recorded by doctor.
The majority of the subjects were female, over 60 years old, elementary education, workless, married, and fat. Most subjects did not smoke, never drink, had no habitual exercise, and possessed good diet. The mean duration of diabetes was 7.53 years. Most subjects had not complications. Half of their relative had got diabetes. Many subjects reported taking oral hypoglycemic agents and taking compliance with medication. The average duration of medication was 6.84 years. Depression was common among subjects. Over half of subjects were poor glycemic control. Sex, occupation, marriage, exercise, diet, complication, physical activity control, and compliance were significant on depression. Complication, insulin using, and Chinese medication were significant on glycemic control. There was no significant relationship between depression and glycemic control.

參考文獻
台北市立博愛醫院(民77)。台北市中老年疾病（高血壓、糖尿病）知識、態度、行為調查研究報告。
台北市政府衛生局、台北市城中區衛生所(民71)。糖尿病防治。1-6。
台灣省防癆局(民77)。台灣地區第七次肺結核盛行調查及高血壓、糖尿病聯同調查初步報告。
朱永釗、張忠孝、陳尊祥、劉順德、陳碧霞、蔡茂田(民72)。台北市第三次結核病暨高血壓、糖尿病盛行率調查報告。台北市立博愛醫院。
行政院主計處(民84)。中華民國台灣地區社會指標統計。
行政院衛生署(民46-84)。衛生統計。
行政院衛生署(民82)。國民保健計畫。
行政院衛生署(民83)。中華民國82年衛生統計(一)公務統計。
行政院衛生署、中華民國糖尿病學會(民83)。糖尿病護照。
行政院衛生署(民87)。81年-86 年國民營養健康狀況變遷調查結果研討會。
行政院衛生署(民89)。台灣地區主要死亡原因。中華民國八十八年衛生統計。
杜幸芳、馬素華(民86)。運動對非胰島素依賴型糖尿病之臨床應用。長庚護理，8(2)，93-98。
吳康文、魏登賢(民75)。民國七十年台北市40~69歲中老年人糖尿病盛行率之調查。台灣醫誌，85，1069-1077。
林瑞祥(民82)。胰島素依賴型糖尿病調查與登錄(第五年)。行政院衛生署科技發展研究計畫。
洪洲群、周碧瑟(民81)。社區高血壓糖尿病篩檢陽性個案之追縱研究：1990年陽明十字軍追蹤訪視成果。中華醫誌，51(3)，216-224。
洪建德、范思美、林武雄、王斐斐、林瑞祥(民82)。台北市妊娠性糖尿病的流行率以及影響血糖值的可能因素。台灣醫誌，92(3)，121-127。
台灣省家庭計畫研究所(民79)。台灣省31個山地鄉高血壓糖尿病社區篩檢工作之統計。
許成仁(民66)。老年人常見的疾病，老人保健專輯。台北市政府衛生局，18-29。
陳再晉、游伯村(民84)。台北市成年市民之血糖、血清膽固醇、尿酸及肌酸肝值調查報告。J Nephrology ROC，9 ，109-118。
陳柏齡(民89)。國中生生活壓力、失敗容忍力與憂鬱傾向之關係研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文。
陳建仁、邱弘毅、薛玉梅、黃偉益、許益祥、林莉如、朱子賢、魏敏澧、陳相志、許鈴宜、謝芳宜(民85)。台灣地區長期砷暴露與心臟血管疾病危險性之流行病學研究。中華衛誌，15(3)，59-67。
陳國東、陳建仁(民86)。非胰島素依賴型糖尿病盛行率與危險因子。中華衛誌，16(4)，291-308。
傅振宗、戴東原(民84)。糖尿病的流行病學。台灣醫界，38（11）， 993-997。
楊南屏、李守義、周碧瑟(民79)。社區性高血壓糖尿病流行病學的探討---1989年陽明十字軍社區預防醫學計畫成果。中華醫誌，46(3)，134-146。
楊浩然(民91)。青少年憂鬱疾患及憂鬱症狀之追蹤研究。國立臺灣大學流行病學研究所博士論文。
董道興(民85)。埔里地區糖尿病與高血壓流行學研究：世代研究與橫斷研究之比較。國立陽明大學公共衛生學研究所碩士論文。
廖麗娟、趙珠珍、張正二(民80)。台灣地區十一處山地鄉居民高血壓、糖尿病盛行率及居民對高血壓、糖尿病防治認知與行為之研究。公共衛生，18(2)，113-131。
賴炫政(民87)。運動對憂鬱症的影響。國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所碩士論文。
戴東原(民78)。糖尿病友聯誼會特刊。
戴東原(民82)。老年人糖尿病的治療。台灣醫界， 36(6)，25-27。
簡錦標、鄭泰安(民74)。Depression in Taiwan: Epidemiological Survey Utilizing CES-D。精神神經學雜誌，87(5)，335-338。
Anderson, RJ, Lustman, PJ, Clouse, RE, de Groot, M, & Freedland, KE, (2000). Prevalence of depression in adults with diabetes: a systematic review (Abstract). Diabetes, 49(Suppl.1), A64.
Berlin, I, Bisserbe, JC, Eiber, R, Balssa, N, Sachon, C, Bosquet, F, & Grimaldi, A, (1997). Phobic Symptoms, particular the fear of blood and injury, are associated with poor glycemic control in type I diabetes adults. Diabetes Care, 20(1), 176-178.
Chen, CH, Chuang, JH, Kuo, HS, Chang, MS, Wang, SP, & Chou, P, (1995). A Population-based epidemiological study on cardiovascular risk factors in Kin-Chen, Kinmen. International Journal of Cardiology, 48, 75-88.
Chou, P, Chen, HH, & Hsiao, KJ, (1992). Community-Based Epi-demiological Study on Diabetes in Pu-Li, Taiwan. Diabetes care, 15, 81-89.
de Groot, M, Anderson, RJ, Freedland, KE, Clouse, RE, & Lustman, PJ, (2000). Association of diabetes com-plications and depression in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis(Abstract). Diabetes, 49(Suppl.1), A63-A64.
de Groot, M, Jacobson, AM, Samson, JA, & Welch G, (1999). Glycemic control and major depression in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Psychosom Res, 46(5), 425-435.
Frey, MA, Fax, MA, (1990). Assessing and teaching self-care to youths with diabetes mellitus. Pediatric Nursing, 16, 597-603.
Fu, CC, Chang, CJ, Tseng, CH, Chen, MS, Kao, CS, Wu, TJ, Wu, HP, Chuang, LM, Chen, CJ, & Tai, TY, (1993). Development of macrovascular diseases in NIDDM patients in northern Taiwan. A 4-yr follow-up study. Diabetes Care, 16(1), 137-143.
Gavard, JA, Lustman, PJ, & Clouse, RE, (1993). Prevalence of depression in adults with diabetes: An epidemiological evaluation. Diabetes Care, 16(8), 1167-1178.
Hanson, CL, Henggler, SW, & Burghen, GA, (1987). Model of association between psychosocial variables and health-outcome measures of adolescents with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 10, 753-758.
Hung, CT, (1989). Diabetes cohort study and analysis of risk factors for middle-age people in Taipei. Research monograph, Taipei Municipal Yang-Ming Hospital, Taipei Bureau of Health, 8.
Hung, LC, Kuniyoshi, M, & Futenma, H, (1994). Community-Based Study on Diabetes in Wuchi Town, Taiwan.
King, H, Aubert, RE, & Herman, WH, (1998). Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: Prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care, 21, 1414-1431.
Leppamaki, SJ, Partonen, TT, Hurme, J, Haukka, JK, & Lonnqvist, JK, (2002). Randomized trial of the efficacy of bright-light exposure and aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms and serum lipids. J Clin Psychiatry, 63(4), 316-321.
Lin, RS, & Lee, WC, (1992). Trends in mortality from diabetes mellitus in Taiwan, 1960-1988. Diabetologia, 35, 973-979.
Lustman, PJ, Anderson, RJ, Freedland, KE, de Groot, M, Carney RM, & Clouse, RE, (2000). Depression and poor glycemic control: A meta-analytic review of the literature. Diabetes Care, 23, 934-942.
Lustman, PJ, Clouse, RE, & Freedland, KE, (1997). Depression in adults with diabetes. Semin Chin Neuropsychiatry, 2(1), 15-23.
Lustman, PJ, Clouse, RE, & Freedland, KE, (1998). Management of major depression in adults with diabetes: Implications of recent clinical trials. Semin Chin Neuropsychiatry, 3(2), 102-114.
Marcus, MD, Wing, RR, Guare, J, Blair, EH, & Jawad, A, (1992). Lifetime prevalence of major depression and its effect on treatment outcome in obese type II diabetes patients. Diabetes Care, 15(2), 253-255.
Peyrot, M, & Rubin RR, (1997). Levels and risks of depression and anxiety symptomatology among diabetic adults. Diabetes Care, 20(4), 585-590.
Penninx, BW, Rejeski, WJ, Pandya, J, Miller, ME, Di Bari, M, Applegate, WB, & Pahor, M, (2002). Exercise and depression symptoms: a comparison of aerobic and resistance exercise effects on emotional and physical function in older persons with high and low depressive symptomatology. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 57(2), 124-132.
Singh, NA, Clements, KM, & Singh, MA, (2001). The efficacy of exercise as a long-term antidepressant in elderly subjects: a randomized, controlled trial. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci, 56(8), 497-504.
Tsai, S, (1971). Epidemiology of diabetes in Taiwan. J Jap Diab Soc, 14, 33-35.
Tai, TY, Yang, CL, Chang, CJ, Chang, SM, Chen, YH, Lin, BJ, Ko, LS, Chen, MS, & Chen, CJ, (1987). Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus among adults in Taiwan, R.O.C. J Med Assoc Thai , 70(Supp 1),42-48.
Tai, TY, Yang, CL, Chang, CJ, Chang, SM, Chen, YH, Lin, BJ, Ko, LS, Chen, MS, & Chen, CJ, (1987). Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in Taiwan, R.O.C.: Comparison between urban and rural areas. J Med Assoc Thai, 70(Supp 1), 49-53.
Tsai, ST, Tai, TY, & Shiau, LR, (1993). Epidemiology of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM) in Taipei. Paper presented at the meeting of Abstracts of 14th IDF Congress Satellite Epidemilogy of Diabetes and Its Complication, Willamsburg.
WHO: Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Steering Committee, (2000). The Asia-Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and its treatment.