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研究生: 彭玫琳
Melinda Plescan
論文名稱: 制度,制度的改革:以IBM策略為例
Institution, Institutional Change: A Case Study of IBM’s Strategy
指導教授: 施正屏
Shih, Cheng-Ping
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 國際人力資源發展研究所
Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt
論文出版年: 2008
畢業學年度: 96
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 81
中文關鍵詞: 經濟效益全球化策略IBM政策改革策略
英文關鍵詞: economic performance, global strategic, policy changes strategies, IBM
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • Performance, in the context of an organization, is not only a concept synonym with productivity, but, it has also been a subject of study by human resource management (HRM) theorists. It has been accepted that human resource strategies can influence the economic performance of a company.
    It is in this context that the present study will try to show the means through which, in a permanently evolving environment, characteristic for the knowledge-based economy, an IT company made history. IBM, as the majority of the IT companies in the 1980’s and 1990’s, had its ups and downs, but with the skills of a visionary CEO, it managed to revive. Therefore, two strategic paths emerge in discussing an IBM’s evolution: financial performance and human resource strategies
    In order to attain this objective, and observe the evolution for the two directions mentioned above, a financial analysis enables a better understanding of the situation, by focusing on a longitudinal time series study – highlighting the periods when change has taken place, between 1990 and 2006, paying special attention to the years 1993 and 2002 and to the factors which influenced the progress and development of the company.
    In the company’s financial statements, management discussions or reports of independence registered public accounting firms, various approaches can be seen, explaining the financial results. Also, hundreds of papers were published in various journals, using marketing, management or statistical approaches. However, none of these studies uses econometrics approach. Therefore, in order to measure the impact of global strategies, strategic business units, and policy changes strategies on IBM’s financial performance, an econometrics model was first built by Shih and Plescan. The empirical results show statistically significant differences, making the findings highly relevant.

    Abstract I Table of Contents III List of Figures V List of Tables VII CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1 Chapter Overview 1 Introduction 1 Background of the Study 2 Purposes of the Study 6 Questions of the Study 9 Testing Hypothesis 13 Significance of the Study 17 Delimitations and Limitations 18 Definition of Terms 19 CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW 21 Chapter Overview 21 The Knowledge Based Economy 21 The Knowledge Based Information Technology 24 IBM Timeline 25 The Profile of a CEO – Louis Gerstner 28 Switching Focus Towards People 32 Communities of practice 32 Online knowledge sharing 32 Storytelling 33 HR Policies 35 IBM Recruiting 38 Institutional Change 39 CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY 41 Chapter Overview 41 Research Framework 41 Research Model 44 The Financial Statements 46 Source of Data 48 CHAPTER IV. RESULTS AND FINDINGS 49 Chapter Overview 49 Descriptive statistics 49 Empirical Results 56 The empirical results for model I 56 The empirical results for model II, sub-objective 1 62 The empirical results for model II, sub-objective 2 66 CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 71 Conclusions 72 Discussions 74 Recommendations 76 Recommendations for IBM 76 Recommendations for future research 76 REFERENCES 79 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Major turning points in IBM’s recent history 8 Figure 1.2 Structured purpose of the study 13 Figure 1.3 Questions of the study I 16 Figure 1.4 Questions of the study II 17 Figure 3.1 Research framework for analyzing the 2 models of the study 46 Figure 4.1 Time sequence evolution for EPS 54 Figure 4.2 Time sequence evolution for revenues from Europe/ Africa/ Middle East, Asia and America regions 55 Figure 4.3 Time sequence evolution for revenues from Europe/ Africa/ Middle East, Asia and America regions and EPS 56 Figure 4.4 Time sequence evolution for global service, hardware and software strategic business units 57 Figure 4.5 Time sequence evolution for number of employees and retirement plan beneficiaries 59 Figure 5.1 Independent variables distribution in terms of positive / negative effect on the dependent variable 74 LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 Evolution of EPS, and revenue from the regional variables 57 Table 4.2 Evolution of revenue from the SBU 58 Table 4.3 Evolution of HR policies 60 Table 4.4 Multiple regression analysis of earn per share and regional variables,strategic business units, human resource policy and institutional change 61 Table 4.5 Multiple regression analysis of individuals benefiting from a retirement plan,strategic business units, human resource policy and institutional change 67 Table 4.6 Multiple regression analysis of number of employees, strategic business units,human resource policy and institutional change 71

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