研究生: |
董懷仁 Tung, Huai-Jen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
美國大麻產業現況分析及未來趨勢 U.S. Cannabis Industry's Present Landscape and Future Trend |
指導教授: |
沈永正
Shen, Yung-Cheng |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
高階經理人企業管理碩士在職專班(EMBA) Executive Master of Business Administration |
論文出版年: | 2018 |
畢業學年度: | 106 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 83 |
中文關鍵詞: | 大麻 、娛樂用大麻 、藥用大麻 、四氫大麻酚 、大麻二酚 、大麻種植 、大麻萃取 、超臨界二氧化碳萃取法 、丁烷萃取法 、大麻市場 、大麻合法 、大麻法規 、大麻金融 、大麻展望 |
英文關鍵詞: | Cannabis, Marijuana, Medical Marijuana, Adult Use Marijuana, THC, CBD, Cannabis Cultivation, Cannabis Extraction, CO2 Extraction, BHO Extraction, Marijuana market trend, Marijuana and banking, Marijuana legalization, Marijuana laws and regulation, Marijuana and taxation, Marijuana and jobs |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.EMBA.011.2018.F08 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:521 下載:178 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究整理大量的英文文獻、報導、研究和訪談,對於美國大麻產業的歷史、現況和未來做出較完整的敘述。其中包含大麻的歷史和產業的起源、法規和民意的變化、合法的過程、產業鏈的介紹和細節、市場大小的分析和價格的趨勢、大麻的藥用貢獻、大麻合法化對政府、犯罪率和人民的影響及未來的展望。
透過此研究來了解為何在許多亞洲國家認為是毒品的大麻產業,可以在美國,甚至許多歐美國家透過合法的過程來加以控管,並對國家和人民有財務和健康上的益處。
This thesis combed through and integrated large amount of English research papers, reports, periodicalsand interviews to present a clear picture of the history of U.S. Cannabis industry, its present state and future outlook including the background of the usage of marijuana, its road to legalization, public opinions, introduction of its industrial value chain, its market size and pricing trend, the benefits of medical and adult use marijuana and the impact it causes to local governments, crime rate and people since its legalization as well as its future outlook.
Through this thesis, we hope to try to grasp why when in so many Asian countries, cannabis is viewed as an evil drug, it can bring so many benefits to governments and people of U.S and many European countries.
一、中文文獻
談駿嵩(2002),「超臨界流體的應用」,科學發展,第359期,第12-17頁。
二、英文文獻
Ackreel Capital Staff. (2016)U.S. Cannabis Investment Report 2016, (pp.1-108) Ackreel Capital.
Alhamoruni, A., Lee, A. C., Wright, K. L., Larvin, M. and O'Sullivan, S. E..(2010, October). Pharmacological Effects of Cannabinoids on the Caco-2 Cell Culture Model of Intestinal Permeability. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. October 2010, 335 (1) 92-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.110.168237
Arrington, D. (2017, January 1) Now that pot’s legal in California, here’s how to grow it indoors and outdoors. Retrieved from (http://www.cannabisculture.com/content/2017/01/01/now-pots-legal-california-heres-grow-indoors-outdoors)
Asimov, E. (2017, April 14). Wine Industry Finds a Companion In a Competitor: Marijuana. Retrieved from (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/14/dining/wine-marijuana-cannabis-industry.html?mcubz=3)
BDS Analytics. (2017, June 22). Marijuana Prices In Denver And In Colorado: Spring 2017 Update. Retrieved from (https://www.coloradopotguide.com/colorado-marijuana-blog/article/marijuana-prices-in-denver-and-colorado-spring-2017-update/)
Bennett, P. (n.d.) What Is Hash And How Does It Relate To Cannabis? Retrieved from (http://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis-101/what-is-hashish)
Bennett, P. (2015, December 23). What is Rosin? Retrieved from (https://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis-101/what-is-rosin)
Borchardt, D. (2017, February 22). Marijuana Industry Projected To Create More Jobs Than Manufacturing By 2020. Retrieved from (https://www.forbes.com/sites/debraborchardt/2017/02/22/marijuana-industry-projected-to-create-more-jobs-than-manufacturing-by-2020/#5ee921183fa9)
Borchardt, D. (2017, April 11). $1 Billion in Marijuana Taxes Is Addicting To State Governors. Retrieved from(https://www.forbes.com/sites/debraborchardt/2017/04/11/1-billion-in-marijuana-taxes-is-addicting-to-state-governors/#152cc9ec2c3b)
Borchardt, D. (2017, May 4). Cannabis Wholesale Prices Are Moving Higher Recovering From 2016 Bust. Retrieved from (https://www.forbes.com/sites/debraborchardt/2017/05/04/cannabis-wholesale-prices-are-moving-higher-recovering-from-2016-bust/#69c3a0f27ea2)
Caeczar, T. H. (2016, January 14). What’s The Difference Between De-Waxing And Winterization? Retrieved from (http://hightimes.com/grow/whats-the-difference-between-de-waxing-and-winterizing/)
Cannabis in Colorado. (2017, November 19). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_in_Colorado&oldid=811026378)
Cannabis in Oregon. (2017, October 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_in_Oregon&oldid=805244062)
Close, K. (2016, December 6). Legal Weed Is Hurting the Beer Business. Retrieved from (http://time.com/money/4592317/legal-marijuana-beer-sales/)
Coe-Harris, J. (2016, April 17). Marijuana – BHO Explosions On The Rise. Retrieved from (http://www.thedailyreporter.com/news/20160417/marijuana---bho-explosions-on-rise)
Cohen, B. (2014, December 8). Who’s Really Fighting Legal Weed. Retrieved from (https://www.usnews.com/opinion/articles/2014/12/08/pot-legalization-opponents-aim-to-protect-their-bottom-line)
Crippa JA, et al. Cannabis and Anxiety: A Critical Review of the Evidence. Human Psychopharmacology (Oct. 2009): Vol. 24, No. 7, pp. 515–23.
Davis, K. (2017, February 18). Licensed Marijuana Businesses Operate In The Shadows Without Access to Banks. Retrieved from (http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/sd-me-pot-banking-20170210-story.html)
Department of Treasury Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Staff (2014, February 14 Guidance). BSA Expectations Regarding Marijuana-Related Businesses. Retrived from (https://www.fincen.gov/resources/statutes-regulations/guidance/bsa-expectations-regarding-marijuana-related-businesses)
Eubanks, L. M.,Rogers, C. J., Albert E. IV,Koob, G. F.,Olson, A. J.,Dickerson, T. J.,andJanda, K.D.. A Molecular Link between the Active Component of Marijuana and Alzheeimer’s Disease Pathology. Departments of Chemistry, Immunology, and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Integrated Neurosciences Department, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, and Worm Institute for Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute. Mol. Pharm., August 9, 2006, 3 (6), pp 773–777. DOI: 10.1021/mp060066m
extraktLAB Admin (2016, May 1). Now That I Have Extracts, What Are My Options To Refine The Extracts? Retrieved from (http://extraktlab.com/2017/05/01/now-that-i-have-extracts-what-are-my-options-to-refine-the-extracts/)
Franciosi, A. (2017, June 15). CO2 Extraction: Your Complete Guide To CO2 Cannabis Oil. Retrieved from (https://honestmarijuana.com/co2-extraction/?age-verified=aadfc08201)
Grinspoon L, et al. Marijuana: The Forbidden Medicine (Yale University, 1997).
Hennings, T. (2016, June 13). Greenhouse Cannabis Cultivation: What Are the Benefits? Retrieved from (http://marijuanawithhemp.com/greenhouse-cannabis-cultivation-what-are-the-benefits/)
Heuberger, B. (2017, March 22). Despite Claims, Data Show Legalized Marijuana Has Not Increased Crime Rates. Retrieved from (https://coloradopolitics.com/despite-claims-data-show-legalized-marijuana-not-increased-crime-rates/)
History.com Staff (2017). History of Mariijuana. Retrieved from (http://www.history.com/topics/history-of-marijuana)
Houston, W. (2016, October 21) Concentrated: A new era for cannabis extracts in California. Retrieved from (http://www.times-standard.com/article/NJ/20161021/NEWS/161029964)
Hughes, T.(2016, August 21)California’s illegal marijuana farms force cops to wield ‘green’ stick. Retrieved from (https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2016/08/21/californias-illegal-marijuana-farms-force-cops-wield-green-stick/88868934/)
Ingraham, C. (2016, October 13). Here’s How Legal Pot Changed Colorado and Washington. Retrieved from (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/10/13/heres-how-legal-pot-changed-colorado-and-washington/?utm_term=.d07c71502112)
Ingraham, C. (2017, June 26). What Marijuana Legalization Did To Car Accident Rates? Retrieved from (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/06/26/what-marijuana-legalization-did-to-car-accident-rates/?utm_term=.1d1dc7478283)
Iversen LL. The Science of Marijuana, Second Edition (Oxford University Press, 2008).
Kononatural Staff. (2017, June 30) Is CBD Oil Legal in my State? (https://kononaturals.com/cbd-oil-legal-state/)
Koren, J. R. (2017, July 7) Why Some Pot Businesses Hide Their Cash – And Others Truck It Straight To A Federal Vault. Retrieved from (http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cannabis-banking-20170707-story.html)
Koren, J. R. (2017, July 27) Should California Start Its Own Bank To Serve Marijuana Companies? It Wouldn’t Be Easy. Retrieved from (http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-public-bank-marijuana-20170727-htmlstory.html)
Leafly Staff. (2015, October 15). What is Kief and How Can You Use It? Retrieved from (https://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis-101/what-is-kief)
Lopez-Rodriguez, A. B., Siopi, E., Finn, D. P., Marchand-Leroux, C., Garcia-Segura, L. M., Jafarian-Tehrani, M., Viveros, M. P.; CB1 and CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists Prevent Minocycline-Induced Neuroprotection Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice, Cerebral Cortex, Volume 25, Issue 1, 1 January 2015, Pages 35–45.(https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht202)
Mail Online Staff. (n.d.) Cannabis Proves To Be ‘Leading Painkillers’ Trials. Retrieved from (http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-82463/Cannabis-proves-leading-painkiller-trials.html)
Main, D. (2014, August 25). In States With Medical Marijuana, Painkiller Deaths Drop 25 Percent. Retrieved from (http://www.newsweek.com/states-medical-marijuana-painkiller-deaths-drop-25-266577)
Marijuana Business Daily Staff. (2016). Marijuana Business Factbook 2016. Anne Holland Ventures Inc.(pp.1-27) Retrieved from (https://mjbizdaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Factbook2016ExecutiveSummary.pdf)
marketsandmarkets.com.(2017, March).Cannabis Testing Market by Product & Software (LC, GC, Spectroscopy(MS, Atomic), Column, Standards, Accessories, LIMS), Service (Potency, Pesticides, Heavy Metal, Genetic Testing), End User(Lab, Pharmaceutical, Research)- Global Forecast to 2021. Retrieved from (http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/cannabis-testing-market-46932450.html)
Mathesongas Staff. (n.d.)Lower and Upper Explosive Limits for Flammable Gases and Vapors (LEL/UEL). Retrieved from (https://www.mathesongas.com/pdfs/products/Lower-(LEL)-&-Upper-(UEL)-Explosive-Limits-.pdf)
McCarthy, J. (2017, October 25). Record High Support for Legalizing Marijuana Usein U.S. Retrieved from (http://news.gallup.com/poll/221018/record-high-support-legalizing-marijuana.aspx)
NIDA. (2017, August 30). Marijuana. Retrieved from (https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana)
Rahn, B. (2014, July 10). Sativa vs. Indica vs. Hybrid: What’s the Difference Between Cannabis Types? Retrieved from (https://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis-101/sativa-indica-and-hybrid-whats-the-difference-between-cannabis-ty)
Rahn, B.(2015 April 30). What are Cannabis Topical and How Do They Work? Retrieved from (https://www.leafly.com/news/cannabis-101/what-are-cannabis-topicals)
Roberts, C. (2017, March 23). Marijuana’s Next Billion-Dollar Market: Lab Testing. Retrieved from (http://hightimes.com/business/marijuanas-next-billion-dollar-market-lab-testing/)
Rabinski, G.(2015, June 15). Indica vs. Sativa: Know The Difference. Retrieved from (https://www.massroots.com/learn/indica-vs-sativa-infographic)
Shen, A. (2017, December 7). US Police Arrest 50 Chinese in Raid on $80M Illegal Marijuana Grow Operation. Retrieved from (http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2123219/us-police-arrest-50-chinese-nationals-seize-us80m-marijuana)
Sifferlin, A. (2016, July 13). Legal Marijuana Linked To Fewer Opioid Prescriptions. Retrieved from (http://time.com/4404697/marijuana-opioid-epidemic/)
stankdank420. (2016, March 28). Supercritical CO2 Extraction. Retrieved from (https://dailydabs420.com/2016/03/28/supercritical-co2-extraction/)
Sun Power Lighting Admin. (2017, July 25). 7 Marijuana Industry Trends to Watch in 2017. Retrieved from (http://www.sunpower-lighting.com/index.php?route=pavblog/blog&id=26)
Susman, E. (2013, June 18). Smoking Pot Eases Tremors in Parkinson’s. Retrieved from (https://www.medpagetoday.com/meetingcoverage/mds/39933)
Sylvestre, D. L., Clements, B. J., Malibu, Y. Cannabis use improves retention and virological outcomes in patients treated for hepatitis C.European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Oct. 2006. Volume 18 - Issue 10 - p 1057-1063. doi: 10.1097/01.meg.0000216934.22114.51
Szalavitz, M. (2012, Jan 10). Study: Smoking Marijuana Not Linked with Lung Damage. Retrieved from (http://healthland.time.com/2012/01/10/study-smoking-marijuana-not-linked-with-lung-damage/)
Tarang, S., Schow, G. L., Freund, N., Gøtzsche, P. C. Suicidality and aggression during antidepressant treatment: systematic review and meta-analyses based on clinical study reports BMJ 2016; 352 :i65
The Huffington Post UK Staff. (2013, March 12). Cannabis ‘May Help Stroke Recovery By Improving Brain Fuction After The Attack’. Retrieved from (http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/12/03/cannabis-may-help-stroke-recovery_n_4376100.html?just_reloaded=1)
The Huffington Post UK Staff. (2015, December 29). Could Cannabis Cure Crohn’s Disease? Retrieved from (http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/05/21/cannabis-treatment-inflammatory-bowel-disease-crohns_n_3311278.html)
The Weeblog. (2013, June 11). What is Marijuana Butane hash Oil (BHO) And Is It Safe? Retrieved from (https://www.theweedblog.com/what-is-marijuana-butane-hash-oil-bho-and-is-it-safe/)
University of Texas at Dallas. (2014, March 26) No correlation between medical marijuana legalization, crime increase: Legalization may reduce homicide, assault rates.ScienceDaily, Retrieved from (www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140326182049.htm)
Wallace, A. (2017, April 27). New Federal Bill Would Allow Banking for Marijuana Businesses. Retrieved from (http://www.thecannabist.co/2017/04/27/federal-marijuana-banking-bill-congress-perlmutter/78531/)
Wallace, M. J., Blair, R. E., Falenski, K. W., Martin, B. R. and DeLorenzo, R. J.The Endogenous Cannabinoid System Regulates Seizure Frequency and Duration in a Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics October 2003, 307 (1) 129-137. (https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.103.051920)
Wang T, et al. Adverse Effects of Medical Cannabinoids: A Systematic Review. Canadian Medical Association Journal (June 17, 2008): Vol. 178, No. 13, pp. 1669–78.
Welsh, J. and Loria, K.(2014, April 20)23 Health Benefits of Marijuana. Retrieved from (http://www.businessinsider.com/health-benefits-of-medical-marijuana-2014-4)
Wilkey, R. (2012, Sept 21). Marijuana And Cancer: Scientists Find Cannabis Compound Stops Metastasis In Agreesive Cancers. Retrieved from (https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/19/marijuana-and-cancer_n_1898208.html)
Worth, T. health.com staff (2011, August 8). Medical Marijuana for RheumatoidArthritis? Retrieved from (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/06/08/can-medical-marijuana-help-arthritis_n_873189.html