中文摘要

老年人跌倒對身體功能多有明顯的損傷，嚴重影響生活品質。缺乏肌力與失去平衡是老年人發生跌倒的主要原因，適當的運動可以有效的幫助老年人減緩肌力流失和改善平衡能力，進而降低發生跌倒的風險。在台灣地區，從事元極舞運動的老年人口眾多。本研究除了分析元極舞動作內容，主要目的在於進一步探討1.元極舞運動對老年人下肢肌力及平衡能力之影響；2.不同元極舞舞齡在平衡能力及下肢肌力之差異。
本研究以台灣宜蘭地區65-74歲從事元極舞運動(n=25；平均年齡68.5+2.8歲)，無規律運動習慣(n=18；平均年齡69.7+3.7歲)的老年人為實驗參與者。元極舞運動者均學會元極舞共10集動作，包括6位舞齡3-5年、9位舞齡5-8年以及10位舞齡8年以上的老年女性。主要測驗項目包括：下肢肌力(30秒坐站)、靜態平衡(Catsys2000測力板開眼單足站立)及動態平衡(Catsys2000測力板+Reebok動態訓練板雙足站立)。將測驗所得資料以獨立樣本t考驗及單因子變異數分析進行統計分析處理。
研究結果顯示，元極舞運動組在下肢肌力及平衡能力皆顯著優於無規律運動組。非慣用腳單足站立的各項平衡擺動參數皆達顯差異(p<.05)，這與元極舞下肢動作時間的特性有關。兩組動態、靜態平衡能力的差異在平衡擺動面積皆達顯差異(p<.05)，這與元極舞下肢動作空間的特性有關。在不同元極舞舞齡方面，除了下肢肌力項目8年以上組明顯優於3-5年組及5-8年組，其他項目則無顯著差異。三組不同舞齡的實驗參與者都是長期並且規律地參與運動。因此研究推論，長期從事元極舞運動有助於老年人平衡能力與下肢肌力的維持。

關鍵詞：元極舞、平衡能力、下肢肌力

英文摘要

This study, with a qualitative component analysis of the movements of Yuan-Ji Dance, aims to investigate the effect of Yuan-Ji Dance, along with the span of participation, on balance and lower-extremity strength in the old people. The subjects of this study include 25 old Yuan-Ji Dance participants, with an average age of 68.5+2.8, and 18 sedentary controls, aged 69.7+3.7 years. All the Yuan-Ji participants have learned the ten sets of Yuan-Ji acts and are divided into three span groups: 3-5 years (n=6), 5-8 years (n=9) and over 8 years (n=10). Physical performance is assessed using (1) static balance: one-leg stance with eye open for 30 seconds on Catsys 2000 force platform on flat ground, (2) dynamic balance: both-feet stance with eye open for 30 seconds on Catsys 2000 force platform placed on Reebok Dynamic platform and (3) lower-extremity strength: 30-second chair stand test. The data for comparison between the Yuan-Ji group and the sedentary controls are analyzed with t-test, with a=.05, while the data for comparison among three Yuan-Ji dance spans are analyzed with one-way ANOVA, with p<.05.
The results of this study show that the Yuan-Ji group performs significantly better than the sedentary group both in balance control ability and in lower-extremity strength. Specifically, in the non-dominant-leg stance test, the Yuan-Ji group has all the balance functions significantly better than the sedentary group, which is proposed to have a close connection with the time frame of lower-limb movements in Yuan-Ji Dance. Besides, in static as well as dynamic balance, the significance is mainly found in the function of sway area, which is suggested to be in connection with the spatial features of the Yuan-Ji movements. Among the three Yuan-Ji dance span groups, the group of the longest span has lower-extremity strength significantly better than the other two groups, but in balance control ability, the three groups show no significant difference. It is concluded that participating in Yuan-Ji Dance regularly and continuously (over 3 years) helps the old people to maintain their performance of balance and lower-extremity strength.
Key words: Yuan-Ji Dance, balance, lower-extremity strength

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