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研究生： 陳日新
論文名稱： 染料敏化太陽能電池之釕化合物
Ruthenium-Based Sensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
指導教授： 葉名倉
Yeh, Ming-Chang
林建村
Lin, Jiann-Tsuen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年： 2009
畢業學年度： 97
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 80
中文關鍵詞： 太陽能電池
英文關鍵詞： DSSC
論文種類： 學術論文
相關次數： 點閱：230  下載：0 
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    • 本研究利用Wittig-Horner reaction以及Suzuki coupling，合成出2,2'-bipyridine衍生之配位子：包括引入2-或3-位置取代carbazole，以及fluorene單元之化合物，並以之合成一系列Grätzel-型釕金屬光敏化染料。本系列釕金屬染料的UV吸收光譜在530~550 nm範圍可觀測得金屬→配位子之電荷轉移吸收(metal-to-ligand charge-transfer)，當在bipyridine和carbazole、fluorene中間引入雙鍵後，由於有效共軛長度之增加，使吸收峰的波長有明顯的紅位移。以這些釕金屬染料為光敏劑製成染料敏化太陽能電池(dye-sensitized solar cells, DSSCs) ，展現不錯的光電轉換效率。其中染料Ru-vinyl-fluorene有最好的元件效率，參數為：光電轉換效率η = 4.90%；開環電壓Voc = 0.63 V；短路電流Jsc = 11.14 mA/cm2；填充因子FF = 0.70。其光電轉換效率，可達到在相同的條件下製作與量測，以Grätzel染料N719 (cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato)-ruthenium (II) bis-tetrabutylammonium) 製成標準元件 (η=7.11%) 的69%。推測較佳的光收成與染料之吸附度導致Ru-vinyl-fluorene元件有較高的效率。

    A series of 2,2'-bipyridine derivatives, incorporating 2- or 3-substituted carbazole, or fluorene unit, have been synthesized via Wittig-Horner reaction and Suzuki coupling. These compounds have been successfully used as ligands for Grätzel-type ruthenium dyes. The metal-to-ligand charge-transfer bands in these complexes appeared in the range of 530~550 nm. A prominent red shift of the MLCT band was observed as an olefinic entity was inserted between the 2,2'-bipyridine and the carbazole or fluorene unit to increase the effective conjugation length. Dye-sensitized solar cells based on these sensitizers exhibited good performance. Among them, Ru-vinyl-fluorene-based cell had the best performance ：η (power conversion efficiency), 4.90%；VOC (open-circuit voltage), 0.63 V；JSC (short-circuit current), 11.14 mA/cm2；FF (fill factor), 0.70. The conversion efficiency reaches ~69% of the standard device (η=7.11%) based on N719 (cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato)-ruthenium (II) bis-tetrabutylammonium) fabricated and measured under similar condition. The more effective light-harvesting and higher dye density on TiO2 may be the main reasons for better efficiency of Ru-vinyl-fluorene-based cell.

    摘要 I Abstract II 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 第 1 章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2太陽能電池簡介 3 1-3太陽能電池種類分別 5 1-3-1 矽太陽能電池 5 1-3-2 薄膜太陽能電池 6 1-3-3 有機太陽能電池 7 1-4 太陽光譜 11 1-5 光電轉換效率IPCE 13 1-6 太陽能電池之電性量測 14 1-6-1 開環電壓VOC（open circuit voltage） 15 1-6-2 短路電流JSC（short circuit current） 15 1-6-3 填充因子FF（fill factor） 15 1-6-4 能量轉換效率η（conversion efficiency） 15 1-7 染料敏化型太陽能電池的發展 16 1-8 染料敏化太陽能電池的組成結構 17 1-9 染料敏化太陽能電池的工作原理及特性 19 1-10 染料敏化太陽能電池的元件的改進 22 1-10-1 電解質溶液 22 1-10-2 奈米晶半導體 24 1-11 有機染料 25 1-12 有機金屬染料 29 1-13 研究動機 32 第 2 章 實驗部分 34 2-1 實驗儀器之原理與操作 34 2-1-1 雙管式氮氣/真空系統 (Vacuum Line & Schlenk Line) 34 2-1-2 核磁共振光譜儀 (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance，NMR) 34 2-1-3 循環伏安儀 (Cyclic Voltammeter，CV) 35 2-1-4 螢光光譜儀 (Fluorescence Spectormeter) 35 2-1-5 元素分析儀 (Elemental Analyzer) 36 2-1-6 質譜儀 (Mass Spectrometer) 36 2-1-7 太陽光模擬器 (Solar simulator) 36 2-1-8 定電位/定電流儀（Potentiostat/Galvanostat） 36 2-1-9 光電轉化效率測定儀（IPCE measurement） 37 2-2 實驗藥品及溶劑 38 2-3 合成流程 40 2-4 元件製作 51 第 3 章 結果與討論 53 3-1 Ru金屬染料 53 3-1-1 實驗反應機構探討 55 3-2 UV-Vis光譜之探討 56 3-2 CV之測量與探討 58 3-3 元件效率 60 3-4 暫態光伏電位 64 3-5理論計算 65 3-6 結論 74 參考文獻 76

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