研究生: |
李希奇 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
現代漢語引導碼的語用研究及教學應用 A Pragmatic Study of Procedural Encoders in Modern Chinese and Its Pedagogical Applications |
指導教授: | 鄧守信 |
學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
系所名稱: |
華語文教學系 Department of Chinese as a Second Language |
論文出版年: | 2015 |
畢業學年度: | 103 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 150 |
中文關鍵詞: | 引導碼 、言談標記 、推論 、隱涵 、系統功能理論 、語言行為理論 、關聯理論 、基模理論 、全語言教學觀 |
英文關鍵詞: | systemic-functional grammar, speech act theory, whole language approach |
DOI URL: | https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202205361 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:1331 下載:85 |
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本論文的研究重點,乃就語用學的層面,從漢語複句和篇章切入,探討現代漢語引導碼的功能和隱涵。引導碼的使用是言談標記 (或連接性詞語)功能之外的引導編碼認知過程。在溝通過程中,說話者和聽話者在語境中經由解碼、假設和推理,讓溝通雙方獲得會話隱涵。就華語學習者而言,對引導碼的使用常有困難,本研究因此進一步分析了華語教材中對引導碼的使用描述。
本研究的理論依據主要包括:系統功能語法與關聯理論。就前者而言,在言語溝通過程涉及的認知,概念功能和人際功能於特定語境下運作時透過語言得以實現。而關聯理論「明示─推理」模式中,引導碼的使用則節省了人際互動複雜的編碼和解碼,減少說話者出力、聽話者費力,提高了話語關聯性,成為溝通時的語言策略。
系統功能語法理論、關聯理論之外,論文亦援引語言行為理論、認知基模理論,與語言教學概念,來分析引導碼「可」vs.「倒」,「畢竟」vs.「到底」等英、漢語之間的語用差異,及其在教材中的說明與運用,期能在華語教學及教材編撰上,針對使用引導碼的困難和問題常略而不談的現象,提出一些見解。
The present dissertation aims to investigate the functions of Modern Chinese procedural encoders in complex sentences and discourses from a pragmatic perspective. Procedural encoders involve the cognitive encoding processes that are beyond their normal function of discourse markers or connectives . During communication, the speaker and the hearer reach mutually understood implicature through a collaborative process that involves encoding, hypothesi-
zing , and inferencing. As a result, modern Chinese procedural encoders, which carry extra pragmatic functions, differ greatly from other adverbs, and have posed great learning difficulty for L2 Chinese learners. The present volume further analyzes the usage of procedural encoders described in some teaching materials of L2 Chinese.
The present work adopts such theories as Systemic-Functional Grammar (Halliday, 1985)and Relevance Theory (Sperber and Wilson 1966). The procedural encoders serve the functions of uttering, evaluating , emphasizing and transferring in the expressions of moods, feelings and attitudes of the communication as an important means of indicating the category of discourse markers or encoding procedures, and of teaching philosophy and approaches.
In addition, this dissertation adopts the theoretical framework of Speech Act Theory (Austin 1932), Schema Theory (Anderson 1984), and Whole Language Approach (Goodman 1986). Utilizing the above theories, the present study has analyzed some near-synonymous procedural encoders, such as dao vs. ke, daudi vs. bijing, and unveiled their pragmatic differences. In Chapter 4, the pedagogical applications and suggestions for the field of L2 Chinese are provided.
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張寶林 1996a,〈關連副詞的範圍及其與連詞的區分〉,在胡明揚編《詞類問題考察》,頁391-402,北京:北京語言學院出版社。
_______ 1996b , 〈連詞的再分類〉,載胡明揚編《詞類問題考察》,頁431-445,北京:北京語言學院出版社。
_______ 2013,《漢語韻律句法學》,北京:商務印書館。
張伯江 1997,〈認識觀的語法表現〉,《語言教學與研究》,第2期,15-19頁。
張秋杭 2006,〈語氣副詞“畢竟”的語義分析〉,《漢語學習》第4期。
張莉萍 2008,〈現代漢語「其實」的語用分析〉,臺北:國立臺灣師範大學
「語用學」課程講義。
______ 2006,〈近義副詞「其實、事實上、實在、真的」的語用比較〉,臺
北:國立臺灣師範大學「對比分析與錯誤分析」課程期末報告。
張 斌 2001,《現代漢語虛詞辭典》,北京:商務印書館。
張秀松 2015,〈“畢竟”的詞彙化和語法化〉,《語言教學與研究》第1期,北京:北京語言大學語言科學院。
梅立崇 1998,〈關聯副詞「卻」試析〉,《語言教學與研究》,3:114-126。
曹逢甫 1993,《應用語言學的探索》, 台北: 文鶴。
畢永峨 1994,〈會話互動性和語言研究〉,《第四屆世界華語文教學研討會論文集,語文分析組》,227-236。
陳俊光 2007,〈漢語三個特殊結構的功能探討〉,《2007臺灣華語文教學年會暨研討會論文集》,臺北市:文鶴出版社。
_______ 2010,《漢語篇章分析與教學應用》,臺北市:新學林出版社。
_______ 2013,〈「卻」和「倒」的篇章與語用功能〉,國立高雄師範大華語文教學研究所專題演講。
陳培吟 2008 ,〈從篇章功能看副詞「倒」、「卻」在轉折複句尚的運用〉,《2008 第一屆華語文教學國際研討會暨工作坊論文集》,41-48。
郭熙 2013,〈對海外華文教學的多樣性及其對策的新思考〉,《語言教學與研究》,161(3), pp1-6。
曾毅平 2002,〈「居然」如此修飾〉,《修辭學習》第6期。
黃苕冠 2012,〈現代漢語「雖然」與「儘管」的語用差異〉,《2012臺灣華語教學研究》,第2期:95-109頁。
馮勝利 2013,《漢語韻律句法學》增訂本,北京:商務印書館。
______ 2008,〈韻律語法理論與漢語詞法和句法研究〉,《當代語言學理論和漢語研究》,北京:商務印書館。
______ 2006,〈論漢語書面正式語體的特徵與教學〉,《世界漢語教學》,北京:北京大學出版社。
______ 1997,《漢語的韻律、詞法與句法》,北京:北京大學出版社。
彭小川1999,〈論副詞「倒」的語篇功能─兼論對外漢語語篇教學〉,《北京大學學報》5:132-137。
______、李守紀、王紅 2004,《對外漢語教學語法釋疑201例》,北京:商務印書館。
湯廷池 1988,〈漢語詞法句法論集〉,《現代語言學論叢》,臺北:臺灣學生書局。
______ 1990,〈漢語的情態副詞:語意內涵與句法功能〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》,第71本,第一分,頁199-219。
湯廷池、湯志真 2006,〈華語與日語「情態詞」的對比分析〉,《第八屆世界華語文教學研討會論文集》73-117。
賀陽 1992,〈試論漢語書面語的語氣系統〉,《中國人民大學學報》第5期。
_____、李守紀、王紅2004,《對外漢語教學語法釋疑201例》,北京:商務印書館。
彭玉琴 2009,《漢語語氣副詞引導碼探析》碩士論文,臺北:國立臺灣師範大學。
______ 2008, 〈語氣副詞「居然」之語用功能初探〉,《語用學》期末報告,臺北:國立臺灣師範大學。
靳洪剛2010,〈現代語言教學的十大原則〉,華語師資培訓工作坊講義,臺北:國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所。
董淑慧1996,〈談「卻」字三項副詞用法的演城及與幾個相關副詞的平行發展〉,《漢语學習》4:52-56。
廖秋忠 1992,《廖秋忠文集》,北京:北京語言學院出版社。
_______1991,〈篇章與語用和句法研究〉,《語言教學與研究》第4期,北京:北京語言學院。
_______1986 ,〈現代漢語篇章中的連接成分〉,《中國語文》第6期,北京:北京語言學院。
劉月華、潘文娛 故韡原著, 鄧守信策畫(繁體字版) 1996,《實用現代漢語語法》,臺北市:師大書苑有限公司。
鄧守信 2012,《漢語語法論文集》,北京市:北京語言大學出版社
______ 2009,《對外漢語教學語法》,臺北市:文鶴出版社。
______ 2005,〈功能語法與漢語信息結構〉,《漢語語法論文集》,臺北市:文鶴出版社。
鄧立立2000,〈漢語連接形式於口語敘述中的使用:第一語言與第二語言的比較〉,《第六屆世界華語文教學研討會論文集》,88-99。
錢乃榮主編、鄧守信策畫 2002,《現代漢語概論》,臺北市:師大書苑有限公司。
齊滬揚 2003,〈語氣副詞的語用功能分析〉,《語言教學與研究》,2003(1)。
______ 2002,《語氣詞與語氣系統》,安徽教育出版社。
趙元任 1933,〈漢語的字調跟語調〉(tone and Intonation in Chinese),《歷史語言研究所集刊》,中央研究院121-134。
趙元任著,丁邦新譯 1980,《中國話的文法》,香港:中文大學出版社。
趙元任著,呂叔湘譯 1979, 2012,《漢語口語語法》,北京:商務印書館。
劉現強 2007,《現代漢語節奏研究》,北京:北京語言大學出版社。
劉清平 2000,〈「卻」與「但是」的語用、句法和語用的比較〉,《中國話的文法》,香港:中文大學出版社。
劉秀枝(劉咪咪) 2010,逢甲大學華語文師資培訓講義,臺中市:逢甲大學進修暨推廣教育處。
鄭貴友 2002,《漢語篇章語言學》,北京:外文出版社。
謝佳玲 2006,〈漢語情態詞的語意界定:語料庫為本的研究〉,《中國語文研究》,1: 45-63。
蔡沂庭 2014,《漢語副詞「可」的篇章、語用研究與教學應用》碩士論文,臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學。
韓璇 2010,〈副詞“難道”的語用功能分析〉,《語言應用研究》,北京:人民教育出版社。
韓瑜 2007,〈面向對外漢語教學的語氣副詞“畢竟”研究〉,《吉林大學碩士學位論文》。
瞿海源、畢恆達、劉長萱、楊國樞 2012,《社會及行為科學研究法,質性研究法二》,台灣台北市:台灣東華書局股份有限公司。
鍾榮富,2006,《當代語言學概論》,臺北市:五南圖書股份有限公司。
蘇英霞,2000,〈“難道”句都是反問句嗎?〉,《語文研究》2000:第1期。
嚴慎慧 2010,《華語「可是」、「但是」和「不過」的言談語用功能之探究》碩士論文,高雄:國立高雄師範大學華語文教學研究所。
教材:
王淑美、盧翠英、陳夜寧編,2008,《新版實用視聽華語2》二版,臺北市:正中書局。
白建華,2009,《對外漢語語言點教學150例》,New Haven: Yale
University Press。
白曉紅等編著,2007,《漢語虛詞15講》,北京市:北京語言大學出版社。
范慧貞、劉秀芝(咪咪)、蕭美美編,2008,《新版實用視聽華語3》二版,,臺北市:正中書局。
范慧貞、劉秀芝(咪咪)、蕭美美編,2008,《新版實用視聽華語4》二版,臺北市:正中書局。
張仲敏、陳瑩漣、韓英華、張仲敏、錢進明編,2008,《新版實用視聽華語5》二版,臺北市:正中書局。
馮勝利等,2009,《什麼時候說什麼話》,北京市:商務印書館。
葉德明主編,劉咪咪、吳彰鶯、蔡顏秀編,《遠東生活華語II》,2001,台北市:遠東圖書公司,
葉德明主編,鄭嘉珷、王文娟、陳瑩漣編,《遠東生活華語III》,2002,台北市:遠東圖書公司,
靳虹剛等,1997,《留學中國》,MA: Cheng & Tsui Company。
鄧守信、孫珞,2004,《今日台灣:中級漢語課本》 (Taiwan Today),台中:東海大學華語中心。
劉月華、姚道中等,2006,二版,《中文聽說讀寫二/Integrated Chinese
Level 2》,MA: Cheng & Tsui Company。
劉珣,2002,《新實用漢語課本5 》 (New Practical Chinese Reader),北京:北京語言大學出版社。
韓英華、張仲敏、錢進明編,1999,《實用視聽華語3》,臺北市:正中書局。
工具書:
王還主編,2005,《漢語近義詞典》,北京市:北京語言大學出版社。
李曉琪2003,《現代漢語虛詞手冊》,北京市:北京大學出版社。
侯學超編,1998,《現代漢語虛詞詞典》,北京市:北京大學出版社。
楊寄洲、賈永芬編著,2005,《1700對近義詞語用法對比》,北京市:北京語言大學出版社。
鄧守信主編,1994,《近義詞用法詞典》,台北市:文鶴出版有限公司。
遠東編審委員會,2002,《遠東漢字三千字典》,台北市:遠東圖書股份有限公司。
資料庫和網路資源:
中文詞彙特性速描系統(Chinese Word Sketch, CWS)關鍵詞及語境查詢http://wordsketch.ling.sinica.edu.tw
中央研究院現代漢語平衡語料庫/
Academia Sinica Balanced corpus of Modern Chinese http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/kiwi/mkiwi/
中央研究院現代漢語標記語料庫http://dbo.sinica.edu.tw/ftms-bin/kiwil/mkiwi.sh
國家圖書館"博碩士論文"網站www.ncl.edu.tw
教育部常用辭彙頻率表
字http://140.111.34.54/files/site_content/M0001/87news/index1.htm?open
詞 http://140.111.34.54/files/site_content/M0001/87news/index1.htm?open