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研究生: 王美雁
Wang, Mei-Yan
論文名稱: 多極行星狀星雲NGC 2440和NGC 6302的分子分佈
Molecular Distributions in the Multipolar Planetary Nebulae NGC 2440 and NGC 6302
指導教授: 管一政
Kuan, Yi-Jehng
長谷川辰彥
Hasegawa Tatsuhiko
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 地球科學系
Department of Earth Sciences
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 92
中文關鍵詞: 行星狀星雲
英文關鍵詞: Planetary nebulae, NGC 2440, NGC 6302
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:154下載:8
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  • The CO(3-2) distributions in the optical multipolar planetary nebulae NGC 2440 and NGC 6302 are presented in this thesis. The observed CO J = 3-2 emission in NGC 2440 shows two major velocity components near the central region which are blue- and red-shifted by 18 km s^-1 relative to the systemic velocity of V_LSR = 43 km s^-1. The spatial distribution of CO emission shows two emission peaks at the systemic velocity which coincide well with the emission knots in the optical, suggesting that the CO outflow corresponds to one pair of the multiple optical bipolar lobes of the nebula. This particular pair of bipolar lobes seems distinctly rich in heavy molecules compared with the other optical bipolar lobes. The observed CO J = 3-2 emission in NGC 6302 also shows two major velocity components at the center which are blue- and red-shifted by 8 km s^-1 with respect to the systemic velocity of V_LSR = 30 km s^-1. The spatial distribution of CO emission shows three extended components at the systemic velocity, an extended component blueshifted by 12-46 km s^-1 with respect to the systemic velocity, an extended component redshifted by 30 km s^-1, and an extended component redshifted by 36-56 km s^-1. These extended components give us important insight into the interaction between the multiple flows and the AGB CSE.

    Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Origin and Evolution of Planetary Nebulae . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Molecular Distributions in Planetary Nebulae . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Multipolar Planetary Nebulae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.3.1 NGC 2440 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.3.2 NGC 6302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2 OBSERVATIONS AND DATA REDUCTION 28 2.1 NGC 2440 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.2 NGC 6302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3 MOLECULAR DISTRIBUTIONS IN NGC 2440 32 3.1 The central torus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.2 The extended components with the systemic velocity . . . . . 37 3.3 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 i 3.3.1 Remnants from the CSE ejected during the AGB phase 43 3.3.2 Swept-up molecular materials from the AGB CSE . . . 43 3.3.3 Fragments of a blown out torus . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4 MOLECULAR DISTRIBUTIONS IN NGC 6302 45 4.1 The central torus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.2 The extended components with the systemic velocity . . . . . 51 4.3 The extended components E1, W1, and W2 . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.4 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5 FUTURE WORK 65 5.1 NGC 2440 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.1.1 Extended CO search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.1.2 High spatial and high spectral resolution observations . 66 5.2 NGC 6302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.2.1 Extended CO search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.2.2 H2 observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6 CONCLUSIONS 69 A The detection of a molecular bipolar flow in the multipolar planetary nebula NGC 2440 76

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