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研究生：	施彥如
論文名稱：	An Initial Investigation of Conference Interpreters' Personality Prefile and Anxiety Level
指導教授：	陳子瑋
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	翻譯研究所 Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	230
中文關鍵詞：	人格特質、會議口譯員、麥布二氏人格類型量表、情境焦慮、特質焦慮
英文關鍵詞：	Personality, conference interpreters, Myers -Briggs Type Indicator, State anxiety, Trait Anxiety
論文種類：	學術論文
相關次數：	點閱：232 下載：85
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摘要
本研究目的為調查台灣地區自由會議口譯員之人格特質及職業焦慮現況。
研究工具為麥布二氏人格類型量表(Myers Briggs Type Indicator)與情境特質焦慮
量表(State-Trait Anxiety Tests)，參與之會議口譯員計三十名，研究資料經
ANOVA、線性迴歸、Stepwise 多元迴歸、Student’s T-test、Pearson 相關係數統計
分析，得以下結論：
(1) 受試者於人格方面偏內向型(Introversion, 66.7%)、感覺型(Sensing, 73.3%)、
思考型(Thinking, 77.7%)、判斷型(Judging, 70%).。最多的人格類型為ISTJ (內
向-感覺-思考-判斷, 43.3%) 與ESTJ (外向-感覺-思考-判斷, 16.7%);；
(2) 受試者之四種心理傾向或最多之人格類型都與台灣地區整體大學生及不同
行業專業人士相似；
(3) 受試者最多之兩種人格類型-ISTJ 及ESTJ-佔全體之60%，表示會議口譯此職
業別吸引許多實事求是、認真專心之人格類型，他們責任感強、貫徹始終、
注重事實與邏輯、不易退縮或分心，與文獻中針對會議口譯員之描述有許多
共通之處；
(4) 受試者之特質焦慮與常模未有統計上顯著之差異，表示受試者之平時的焦慮
程度並未比人口常模低，且受試者之特質焦慮(平時人格中焦慮傾向)對情境
焦慮(做口譯時之焦慮程度)之影響未達統計上顯著水準，其人格類型對口譯
時之焦慮程度之影響也未達統計上顯著水準；
(5) 唯有受試者之口譯年資與其口譯時焦慮程度呈現負相關且達統計上顯著水
準。結果顯示口譯應著重後天之累積經驗而非過度強調先天特質。
本研究結果可供口譯員、口譯學生、口譯教師、訓練機構等相關人士作為
生涯規劃、學程設計、及學生篩選之參考。

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the personality profile and
anxiety level of conference interpreters in Taiwan. The Myers Briggs Type Indicator
(MBTI) and State-Trait Anxiety Tests were used to determine the personality types,
Trait anxiety, and State anxiety (anxiety at work) of 30 participating conference
interpreters. Research findings can be summarized into the following points:
(1) Subjects reported preference for Introversion (66.7%), Sensing (73.3%), Thinking
(77.7%), and Judging (70%) on the MBTI. The most frequent personality types were
ISTJ (Introverted Sensing with Thinking, 43.3%) and ESTJ (Extraverted Thinking
with Sensing,16.7%); (2) subjects’ preference on the four scales and the most
dominant types among them bear resemblance to that of Taiwanese university
population and Taiwanese workers in other occupational settings; (3) the two most
frequent types alone accounted for 60% of the total research population, which
suggests that the profession attracts practical, thorough, and perseverant individuals
who prefer to analyze facts and organize information, and have a very strong sense of
duty which drives them to fulfill the tasks at hand. This conforms to many
descriptions of interpreters’ mental qualities found in literature; (4) difference
between subjects’ and the general population’s Trait anxiety scores was found to be
statistically insignificant; moreover, subjects’ Trait Anxiety scores, gender, and MBTI
personality types had statistically insignificant effect on their State Anxiety scores;
however, (5) subjects’ years of experience was found to negatively correlate with their
State anxiety scores. This highlights interpreters’ acquirements through accumulation
of working experience rather than their innate qualities.

Table of Contents
Acknowledgments i
Abstract (English) ii
Abstract (Chinese) iii
Table of Content iv
List of Tables x
List of Figures xiii
Chapter I Introduction
1
1 Research Background 1
2 Research Motivation 3
2.1 Need for Understanding of the Profession’s Employment Requirements 3
2.2 Interpreters’ Mental Qualities: Consensus and Controversy 5
3 Research Objectives 9
4 Significance of the Research 11
5 Problem Description 12
6 Thesis Organization 13
Chapter II Literature Review
15
1 Interpreting as a Profession 15
1.1 Occupational Description of Interpreters and Conference Interpreters 15
1.1.1 Occupational Description of Interpreting in General 15
1.1.2 Occupational Description of Conference Interpreting 30
1.2 Definition of Freelance Interpreters vs. In-house Interpreters 37
1.3 Definition of Conference Interpreters vs. Escort, Court, and Medical
Interpreters
31
1.4 Conference Interpreters in Taiwan 36
2 Personality
38
2.1 Definition of Personality 38
2.2 Personality Theories 42
2.2.1 Perspectives on Personality 42
2.2.2 Dispositional perspectives and Carl Jung’s Theory of Typology 45
2.3 Assessing Personality: Principles and Instruments 50
2.3.1 Types of Personality Assessment Tools 50
2.3.2 Selecting Psychometric Instrument for the Research 52
2.4 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI): Introduction 58
2.4.1 Katharine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers’ MBTI 58
2.4.2 The Four Scales of MBTI 60
2.4.3 Interpretation and Application of Personality Types 65
2.4.4 Taiwanese University Students and Workers on the MBTI 66
2.4.4.1 Taiwanese University Students on the MBTI 66
2.4.4.2 Taiwanese Workers on the MBTI 68
2.5 Application of MBTI 71
3 Anxiety 75
3.1 Anxiety: Definitions and Concepts 75
3.1.1 Anxiety 75
3.1.2 State and Trait Anxiety 78
3.2 Assessment of Anxiety: Trait and State Anxiety Inventory: 79
4 Conference Interpreters’ Personality and Anxiety 82
4.1 Conference Interpreters’ Personality 83
4.1.1 Presentation of Literature on Interpreters’ Personality 83
4.1.2 Summary of Literature on Interpreters’ Personality 90
4.1.3 Research Hypotheses Regarding Interpreters’ Personality
Based on Literature Review
92
4.2 Conference Interpreters’ Anxiety at Work 93
4.2.1 Presentation of Literature on Interpreters’ Anxiety at Work 93
4.2.2 Summary of Literature on Interpreters’ Anxiety at Work 104
4.2.3 Research Hypotheses Regarding Interpreters’ Anxiety at Work
Based on Literature Review
106
Chapter III Research Methodology 108
1 Review of Research Hypotheses 108
2 Definition of Keywords 109
3 Nature of the Study 111
4 Scope of the Research 113
5 Research Design 115
5.1 Subjects 115
5.2 Sampling Techniques 116
5.3 Research Tools 120
5.3.1 State and Trait Anxiety Test 121
5.3.2 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 124
5.4 Implementation Procedure 126
5.4.1 Subject Recruiting 126
5.4.2 Administering of State Anxiety Tests 127
5.4.3 Administering of Trait Anxiety Test and MBTI 128
5.5 Data Processing 129
5.5.1 Categorization of Data 129
5.5.2 Statistical Techniques 131
6 Research Limitations 135
6.1 Limited Sample Size 135
6.2 Limited Research Scope 135
6.3 Non-random Sampling Techniques 137
6.4 Lack of Long Term Observation 138
Chapter IV Results and Discussion
141
1 Summary of Demographic Data 141
1.1 Population Size and Response Rate 142
1.2 Gender and Age 144
1.3 Training and Working Experience 146
1.4 Language Combination and Mother Tongue 148
2 Summary of Personality Analysis Results 151
2.1 Overview of Subjects’ Personality Profile 151
2.2 Subjects vs. Normative Population 153
2.2.1 Subjects vs. University Population 153
2.2.2 Subjects vs. Workers in Different Occupational Settings 157
3 Summary of Anxiety Score Analysis Results 160
3.1 Overview of Subjects’ State and Trait Anxiety Scores 160
3.2 Comparison of Subjects and General Population’s Trait Anxiety Scores 163
3.3 Results of Correlation and Regression Analyses 163
3.3.1 Effect of Experience on State Anxiety Scores 165
3.3.2 Effect of Trait Anxiety Scores on State Anxiety Scores 166
3.3.3 Effect of Gender on State Anxiety Scores 167
3.3.4 Effects of Trait Anxiety Scores, Years of Experience and Gender
on State Anxiety Scores
167
3.3.5 Effect of Personality on State Anxiety 169
4 Discussion of Personality and Anxiety Score Analysis 171
4.1 Discussion of Personality Analysis 171
4.1.1 Subjects’ Preferences for I, S, T, and J 171
4.1.2 Preference for I, S, T, and J Similar to Normative Data 172
4.1.3 Two Most Frequent Types: ISTJ and ESTJ 174
4.2 Discussion of Anxiety Analyses Results 184
4.2.1 Subjects’ Trait Anxiety Level and Its Effect on State Anxiety
Scores
184
4.2.2 Effect of Experience on State Anxiety Scores 187
4.2.3 Effect of Subjects’ Personality on State Anxiety Scores 189
Chapter V Conclusions and Recommendations
192
1 Research findings 192
2 Implications 194
3 Suggestions for Future Studies 198
Reference 201
Appendix 1 Definition of “Personality” by Dictionaries 212
Appendix 2 A Interpretation of the 16 MBTI Types 214
Appendix 3 Anxiety and Health 221
Appendix 4 Anxiety and Performance 223
                                

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