簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 黃耀弘
Huang, Yao-hung
論文名稱: 認同被摒棄者:透過斯拉沃熱.紀傑克與哈瑞伊.坤祖魯閱讀全球資本主義
Identifying with the Outcast: Reading Global Capitalism with Slovaj Žižek and Hari Kunzru
指導教授: 黃涵榆
Huang, Han-Yu
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 英語學系
Department of English
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 251
中文關鍵詞: 斯拉沃熱.紀傑克哈瑞伊.坤祖魯全球資本主義被摒棄者
英文關鍵詞: Slovaj Žižek, Hari Kunzru, Global capitalism, The outcast
DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202203697
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:127下載:3
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 在冷戰過後的今天,進入全球化經濟、民主的時代,使得大部分國家在冷戰過後迅速成為全球資本主義國家。但隨之而來的卻是全球金融危機與問題的反覆出現。因此,為了反思檢討這些不斷糾纏的危機,筆者透過紀傑克 (Slavoj Žižek) 的心理分析理論來分析哈瑞伊.坤祖魯 (Hari Kunzru) 所寫的小說:分別是《模仿者》、《失控》及《我的革命》。在坤祖魯這三本小說中,主角均游移在資本主義的文化與機制中掙扎,就如同紀傑克認為在全球資本主義下,大眾因循著意識形態想像 (ideological fantasies),追求自己生命的夢想。除了透過小說呈現資本主義對一般人潛移默化地控制外,筆者更進一步企圖討論在資本主義剝削與壓迫下被排除在外的「被摒棄者」(the outcast)。在這些小說中,坤祖魯描繪了個人對全球資本主義意識形態幻想的依賴、頓悟與抵抗。他的小說讓我們有機會反省並思考取代全球資本主義的可能性。
    透過紀傑克對全球資本主義的見解,筆者期盼能提供閱讀坤祖魯小說的新見解。除此之外,筆者會在最後章節中討論美國華爾街佔領運動與台灣的太陽花運動,筆者認為透過這些運動讓大眾有機會去重新審視全球資本主義,反省全球資本主義結構性的弊病,並提出取代、改變、抵抗全球資本主義的可能性思維。筆者認為,當主體認同並關心被全球資本主義排除在外的「被摒棄者」時,才有可能跳脫全球資本主義意識形態想像的箝制,也較能進一步抵抗並改變全球資本主義剝削並壓迫的基本架構,進而防止全球毀滅性的經濟危機再次發生,避免跨國企業進行全球性的經濟掠奪,減少「被摒棄者」的出現。

    In recent decades we have witnessed the absolute victory of the democratic, capitalist Western Bloc. This victory has led to the hegemony and worldwide implementation of the system of global capitalism. When crises have occurred, such as the global financial crisis in 2008, the answer has only been more capitalism.
    To uncover the root of the problems with global capitalism, this dissertation sets out to apply Žižekian theories on global capitalism to a critical reading of the novels of the British writer Hari Kunzru. It focuses on Kunzru’s accounts of characters who struggle to find their desired positions and identities in the ideological fantasies of capitalist cultures and institutions – accounts which resonate with Žižek’s ideas about how the public has been influenced and controlled and how the outcasts are expelled from the interpellation of global capitalism. In each of these novels, Kunzru describes individuals’ dawning awareness of, and struggles against the snares of, the ideological fantasies of global capitalism that entrap them. His novels open fictional spaces where alternatives to global capitalism are revealed to be possible. By exploring and applying Žižekian approaches to psychoanalysis, this dissertation aims to provide a new perspective on Kunzru’s novels and outline new points of view on how the individual can possibly break down the allure of global capitalism’s ideological fantasies. It reveals that it is possible to escape the prison of fantasy constructed by the symbolic order of capitalism, and that the key to this lies in taking sides with the excluded outcast.

    Table of Contents Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….6 I. From Capitalism to Global Capitalism…………….…….……………………....….9 II. Hari Kunzru’s Novels and Global Capitalism Today…….……………….....……16 III. Critics of Žižek…….....…...………..………………………….…………….......21 IV. Negativity in Philosophical Contexts…………………………………………….29 Chapter One: The Plague of Global Capitalism…………………………..............49 I. The Decline of the Symbolic Order, the Society of Risk and Enjoyment................55 II. The New Authority: Father of Enjoyment………………...…………...…………59 III. The Plague of Ideological Fantasies……...………..…………………………….62 IV. Confronting Global Capitalism…………………..…………………...………….86 Chapter Two: The Declining Big Other and the Ideological Fantasies of the Superego in The Impressionist and Transmission……...……..………………….106 I. The Impressionist………………………………………………………….…...113 II. Transmission…………………………………………………………………...132 Chapter Three: Resisting the Power of Global Capitalism in My Revolutions...164 I. The Lack in the Knowledge of Capitalism………………………………………………………………….......170 II. Global Capitalism qua the Pervert’s Discourse and Chris/Michael’s Final Revolution…….…………………………………………………………….….186 III. From Fiction to Reality…………………………………………………….…..205 Conclusion…………..……………………………………………………………...231 Works Cited…..………………………………………………………………… ...236

    Works Cited
    Agamben, Giorgio. Remnants of Auschwitz: The Witness and the Archive. Trans. Henry W. Pickford. New York: Columbia UP, 1998.
    Alang, Navneet. “Trauma is the Truth Worth Talking About.” Hazlitt: Robert Wheaton. 28 Jan. 2015. n.p. Web. Hazlitt net. Web. 19 Jan. 2016. <http://hazlitt.net/blog/trauma-truth-worth-talking-about >
    Aldama, Frederick Luis. A User’s Guide to Postcolonial and Latino Borderland Fiction. Austin: U of Texas P, 2009.
    Althusser, Louis. “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.” Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2001.
    Aydemir, M. “Impressions of Character: Hari Kunzru’s The Impressionist.” Uncertain Territories: Boundaries in Cultural Analysis. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 199-218.
    Badiou, Alain. The Century. Cambridge: Polity P, 2007.
    Baker, Dean, Gerald A. Epstein, and Robert Pollin. Globalization and Progressive Economic Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998.
    Beckett, Andy. “Don’t Call Me Comrade.” Rev. of My Revolution, by Hari Kunzru. The Guardian Book Review. n.p. Web. 25 Aug. 2007.
    <ttp://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/aug/25/featuresreviews.guardianreview15>
    Blythe, Will. “Underground Man.” Rev. of My Revolution, by Hari Kunzru. The New York Times. n.p. Web. 10 Feb. 2007.
    < http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/10/books/review/Blythe-t.html?_r=0>
    Sharpe, Matthew. Slavoj Žižek. Farnham: Ashgate, 2004.
    Sharpe, Matthew and Geoff Boucher. Žižek and Politics: A Critical Introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2010.
    Butler, Judith. “Bodies in Alliance and the Politics of the Street.” eipcp. Sept. 2011. n.p. Web. 8 March 2016.
    Butler, Rex, ed. The Žižek Dictionary. New York: Routledge, 2014.
    Butler, Simon. “Hope, Terror, and Youth Rebellion.” Green Left Weekly. 11 Oct. 2008. n.p. Web. 23 Nov. 2015. < https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/40428>
    Carayannis, Elias G., Ali Pirzadeh, and Denisa Popescu. Institutional Learning and Knowledge Transfer across Epistemic Communities: New Tools of Global Governance. New York: Springer, 2012.
    Chiang, Min-Hua. China-Taiwan Rapprochement: the Political Economy of Cross-straits Relations. New York: Routledge, 2016.
    Childs, Peter, and James Green. Aesthetic and Ethics in Twenty-First Century British Novels: Zadie Smith, Nadeem Aslam, Hari Kunzru and David Mitchell. London: Bloomsbury, 2013.
    Chomsky, Noam. “Chomsky: Occupy Wall Street ‘has Created Something that didn’t really Exist’ in U.S. — Solidarity.” Interview by Amy Goodman. Democracy Now. Amy Goodman, 14 May 2012. n.p. Web. 19 March. 2016.
    <http://www.democracynow.org/2012/5/14/chomsky_occupy_wall_street_has_created>
    —. “Who Rules the World? America is no Longer the Obvious Answer.” The \
    Guardian. 9 May 2016. n.p. Web. 20 March 2016.
    < http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/may/09/noam-chomsky-who-
    rules-the-world-us-foregin-policy>
    Chu, Gwo-Hua, Chun-Chig Chang. “From the Developing Framework of Regionally Economic Integration to Review the Dispute of the Both-Sides Service Trade Agreement: Opportunity or Threat.” Yu Da Academic Journal 38 (2014):123-138.
    Cobbett, Elizabeth, and Randall Germain. “‘Occupy Wall Street’ and IPE: Insights and Implications.” Journal of Critical Globalisation Studies 5 (2012): 110-113.
    Cole, J. Michael. “Taiwanese Occupy Legislature Over China Pact.” The Diplomat. 20 Mar. 2014. n.p. Web. 13 July 2016.
    <http://thediplomat.com/2014/03/taiwanese-occupy-legislature-over-china-pact/>
    Connell, Liam. “E-Terror: Computer Viruses, Class and Transnationalism in Transmission and One Night @ the Call Center.” Literature, Migration, and the War on Terror. Ed. Fiona Tolan, Stephen Morton, Anastasia Valassopoulos and Robert Spencer. London: Routledge, 2013. 35-46.
    Critchley, Simon. Ethics, Politics, Subjectivity. London: Verso, 1999.
    “The Cross-Strait Agreement on Trade in Services.” Ministry of Economic Affairs. 2013. Web. 5 Mar. 2016. <file:///C:/Users/TEST/Downloads/ECFA+Service+Agreement+intro_final_Cross-Strait.pdf>
    Daly, Glyn. Zizek: Ideology, the Real and the Subject. London: Sage, 2010.
    Davis, James F. “The Cause of the 2008 Financial Crisis.” Accuracy in Media. 14 Oct.
    2008. n.p. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
    <http://www.aim.org/guest-column/the-cause-of-the-2008-financial-crisis/>
    Dayen, David. “Obama’s Foreclosure Relief Program was Designed to Help Bankers,
    not Homeowners.” 14 Feb. 2015. n.p. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.
    < http://billmoyers.com/2015/02/14/needless-default/>
    Dean, Jodi. Žižek’s Politics. London: Routledge, 2006.
    Eagleton, Terry. “What Is Ideology?” Ideology: An Introduction. London: Verso, 1991.
    “Economics Minister: STA can Stand the Test of Time.” Kuomintang Official Website. 2014. Web. 18 April 2016. <http://www1.kmt.org.tw/english/page.aspx?type=article&mnum=112&anum=14269>
    Eisinger, Jesse. “Why Only One Top Banker Went to Jail for the Financial Crisis.” The New York Times Magazine. 30 April 2014. n.p. Web. 12 Oct. 2015.
    <http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/04/magazine/only-one-top-banker-jail-financial-crisis.html?_r=0>
    Engels, Friedrich. Anti-Duhring. Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1959.
    Evans, Dylan. An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.
    Filipczak, Iwona. “Immigrant to a Terrorist: on Liquid Fears in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Brno Studies in English 40.2 (2014): 67-76.
    Finch, Julia. “Twenty-five People at the Heart of the Meltdown” The Guardian. 26 Jan. 2009. n.p. Web. 25 March 2015.
    < https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/jan/26/road-ruin-recession-individuals-economy?intcmp=239>
    Freud, Sigmund. “Beyond Pleasure Principle.” On Metapsychology. London: Penguin, 1991.
    Girardin, Cecile. “In the Heart of Combat: Insurrectional Moment and Political Time in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Hari Kunzru’s My Revolutions.” L’Atelier 4.2 (2012): 59-75.
    Gottesdiener, Laura. A Dream Foreclosed: Black America and the Fight for a Place to Call Home. New Jersey: Zuccotti Park P, 2013.
    Graeber, David. “David Graeber: On Playing by the Rules-the Strange Success of #OccupyWallStreet.” naked capitalism. 19 Oct. 2011. n.p. Web. 10 Aug. 2015.
    < http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2011/10/david-graeber-on-playing-by-the-rules-%E2%80%93-the-strange-success-of-occupy-wall-street.html >
    —. “Savage Capitalism is Back — and it will not Tame Itself.” The Guardian. 30 May 2014. n.p. Web. 20 April 2016.
    < http://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/sep/17/fiction.richardlea>
    Graham, Shane. “Memories of Empire: the Empire Exhibition in Andrea Levy’s Small Island and Hari Kunzru’s The Impressionist.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 48.3 (2013): 441-452.
    Gunder, Michael and Jean Hillier. Planning in Ten Words or Less: A Lacanian Entanglement with Spatial Planning. Farnham: Ashgate, 2009.
    Gunning, Dave. “Ethnicity, Authenticity, and Empathy in the Realist Novel and Its Alternatives.” Contemporary Literature 53.4 (2012): 779-813.
    Haiven, Max. “Networks, Finance Capital and the Fate of the Global Novel(ist): An Interview with Hari Kunzru.” Wasafiri 28.3 (Aug 2013): 18-23.
    Hardt, Michael, and Antonio Negri. Empire. MA: Harvard UP, 2000.
    —. “The Fight for “Real Democracy at the Heart of Occupy Wall Street.” Foreign Affairs. 11 Oct. 2011. n.p. Web. 17 Jan. 2016.
    <https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/north-america/2011-10-11/fight-real-democracy-heart-occupy-wall-street>
    —. Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire. New York: Penguin, 2004.
    Hart, Matthew. “The Politics of the State in Contemporary Literary Studies.” Literature Compass 6.5 (2009): 1060-1070.
    Harvey, David. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2005.
    —. The Condition of Postmodernity. New Jersey: Wiley, 1992.
    —. “Rebels on the Street: The Party of Wall Street Meets its Nemesis” Reading Marx’s Capital with David Harvey. davidharvey.org, 28 Oct. 2011. n.p. Web. 5 Aug. 2015.
    <http://davidharvey.org/2011/10/rebels-on-the-street-the-party-of-wall-street-meets-its-nemesis/>
    —. “Part 2: David Harvey on Rebel Cities, Occupy Wall Street, and the Benefits of Class Struggle.” Interview by Amy Goodman. Democracy Now. Amy Goodman, 01 May 2012. n.p. Web. 10 Feb. 2016. <http://www.democracynow.org/2012/5/1/part_2_david_harvey_on_rebel_cities_and_occupy_wall_street>
    He, Peng. Chinese Lawmaking: From Non-communicative to Communicative. New York: Springer, 2014.
    Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, The Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences, Trans. M. J. Petry, Dordrecht and Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Co, 1977.
    —. Faith and Knowledge. Trans. Glauben und Wissen, New York: State U of New York, 1977.
    —. Phenomenology of Spirit. Trans. A. V. Miller. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1977.
    —. Science of Logic. London: Routledge, 2010.
    Horst, Linda van der. “The Rise of Taiwan’s ‘Third Force’.” The Diplomat, 6 January
    2016, n.p. Web. 7 Jan. 2016.
    <http://thediplomat.com/2016/01/the-rise-of-taiwans-third-force/>
    Huang, Han-yu. Horror and Evil in the Name of Enjoyment: A Psychoanalytic Critique of Ideology. Bern: Peter Lang, 2007.
    Irr, Caren. Toward the Geopolitical Novel. New York: Columbia UP, 2013.
    Jang, Show-ling. “Pact will Have Large Impact on Public.” Taipei Times. 8 Apr. 2014. n.p. Web. 21 March 2016.
    <ttp://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2014/04/08/2003587525>
    Jameson, Fredric. The Ideology of Theory — Essays 1971 — 1986: Volume 2 — Syntax of History, Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1988.
    Jimenez, Michael. “Barth and Žižek: Dialectical Theologians.” International Journal of Žižek Studies 6.1 (2012): 1-17.
    Johansen, Emily. “Becoming the Virus: Responsibility and Cosmopolitan Labor in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Journal of Postcolonial Writing 49.4 (2013): 419-31.
    Johnston, Adrian. Badiou, Žižek, and Political Transformations: The Cadence of Change. Illinois: Northwestern UP, 2009.
    —. Žižek’s Ontology: A Transcendental Materialist Theory of Subjectivity. Illinois: Northwestern UP, 2008.
    Kant, Immanuel. The Critique of Pure Reason. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.
    —. The Critique of Judgment. Trans. James C. Meredith. Oxford: Clarendon P, 1969.
    —.The Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Trans. Mary Gregor & Jens Timmermann. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2011.
    —.Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. Trans. Giovanni. Oxford: Cambridge UP, 1996.
    Karatani, Kojin. The Structure of World History: From Modes of Production to Modes of Exchange. Trans. Michael K. Bourdaghs. Durham and London: Duke UP, 2014.
    Klein, Matthew C. “Just Who should We be Blaming Anyway?” The Economist. 25 Jan. 2013. n.p. Web. 1 Jan. 2016.
    < http://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2013/01/prosecuting-financial-crisis>
    Kolokowski, Leszek. Main Currents of Marxism. Trans. P. S. Falla. Oxford: Blackwell, 1982.
    Konstand, George. The Game Entrepreneur. Bloomington: Balboa P, 2014.
    Kordela, A. Kiarina. Surplus: Spinoza, Lacan. New York: State U of New York P, 2007.
    Kotsko, A. Žižek and Theology. New York: T & T Clark, 2008.
    Kramer, Lucia. “Far Away, So Close-Translocation as Storytelling Principle in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Postcolonial Translocations: Cultural Representation and Critical Spatial Thinking. Ed. Marga Munkelt, Markus Schmitz, Mark Stein and Silk Stroh. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2013. 77-92.
    Kruger, Barbara. I Shop Therefore I Am. 1987. Photograph. Mary Boone Gallery, New York.
    Kunzru, Hari. The Impressionist. London: Penguin Group, 2002.
    —. My Revolution. New York: Penguin Group, 2008.
    —. Transmission. New York: Penguin Group, 2005.
    Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection. 1966. Trans. Bruce Fink et al. New York: Norton, 2002.
    —. The Seminar. Book I: Freud’s Papers on Technique. Trans. John Forrester. Ed. Jacques-Alain Miller. New York: Norton, 1991.
    —. The Seminar. Book II: The Ego in Freud’s Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis 1954-55. Trans. Sylvana Tomaselli. New York: W. W. Norton, 1988.
    —. The Seminar. Book III: The Psychoses. Trans. Russell Grigg. New York: W. W. Norton, 1993.
    —. The Seminar. Book VII: The Ethics of Psychoanalysis. Trans. Dennis Porter. London: Routledge, 1992.
    —. The Seminar. Book XI: The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis. Trans. Alan Sheridan. Ed. Jacques-Alain Miller. New York: Norton, 1978.
    —. The Seminar. Book XVII: The Other Side of Psychoanalysis. Trans. R. Grigg. New York: Norton, 2007.
    —. The Seminar. Book XX: Encore, On Feminine Sexuality, The Limits of Live and Knowledge, 1972-3, Trans. Bruce Fink. Ed. Jacques-Alain Miller. New York: Norton, 1998.
    Laclau, Ernsto, Judith Butler, and Slavoj Zizek. Contingency, Hegemony, University: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. London: Verso, 2000.
    Lea, Richard. “His own Revolution.” The Guardian. 17 Sept. 2007. n.p. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
    < http://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/sep/17/fiction.richardlea>
    Leonard, Phillip. “‘A Revolution in Code? ’ Hari Kunzru’s Transmission and the Cultural Politics of Hacking.” Textual Practice 28.2 (2014): 267-287.
    Liao, Pei-Chen. “Crossing the Borders of the Body Politics after 9/11: The Virus Metaphor and Autoimmunity in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” ‘Post’-9/11 South Asian Diasporic Fiction: Uncanny Terror. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. 53-84.
    Lin, H.-T. “Cross-Strait Trade and Class Cleavages.” Taiwan and the ‘China Impact’: Challenges and Opportunities. New York: Routledge, 2016.
    Louis, Althusser. “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses.” Lenin and Philosophy. Trans. Ben Brewster. New York: Monthly Review P, 2001.
    Liu, Da-Nien, Hui-Tzu Shih. “New Economic Development Opportunities for Taiwan in the Post-ECFA Era.” Asie. Visions 51 (2012): 1-41.
    Lo, Chi. China’s Impossible Trinity: The Structural Challenges to the “Chinese Dream”. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
    Marx, Karl. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Vol. 1. Trans. Ben Fowkes. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1976.
    —. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Vol. 3. Trans. David Fernbach. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1976.
    Macris, Antony. “A Critique of 1960s Rebellion Reveals the Seamy Side of Left-wing Radicalism.” Rev. of My Revolution, by Hari Kunzru. Sydney Morning Herald. n.p. Web. 7 Sept. 2007. <http://www.smh.com.au/news/book-reviews/my-revolutions/2007/09/07/1188783464125.html>
    McAvan, Emily. The Postmodern Sacred: Popular Culture Spirituality in the Science Fiction, Fantasy and Urban Fantasy Genres. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, 2012.
    McCann, Andrew. “Militancy and Melancholia.” Overland 192 (2008): 34-38.
    McGowan, Todd. The End of Dissatisfaction?: Jacques Lacan and the Emerging Society of Enjoyment. New York: State U of New York P, 2004.
    McMillian, Chris. Žižek and Communist Strategy: On the Disavowed Foundations of Global Capitalism. Edinburg; Edinburg UP, 2012.
    McSweeney, John. “The Cold Cruelty of Ethics: Žižek, Kristof and Reflexive Subjectivation.” International Journal of Žižek Studies 5.4 (2011): 1-23.
    Mintz, M. Steven. “Bespoke Tranche Opportunity.” Ethics Sage 28 Dec. 2015. n.p. Web. 23 April 2016.
    < http://www.ethicssage.com/2015/12/bespoke-tranche-opportunity-its-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-all-over-again.html >
    Myers, Tony. Slavoj Žižek. London: Routledge, 2003.
    Narain, Mallika. “Hari Kunzru’s New Novel My Revolutions Fails to Inspire.” Columbia Daily Spectator 24 March 2008. n.p. Web. 10 Oct. 2015.
    <http://columbiaspectator.com/2008/03/24/hari-kunzru%E2%80%99s-new-novel-my-revolutions-fails-inspire>
    Neil, Calum. Lacanian Ethics and the Assumption of Subjectivity. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
    Newman, Saul. Unstable Universalities: Poststructuralism and Radical Politics. Oxford: Manchester UP, 2007.
    Nyman, J. Home, Identity, and Mobility in Contemporary Diasporic Fiction. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2009.
    Parker, B. Clifton. “‘Bad’ Inequality on the Rise, Stanford Scholar Says.” Stanford
    News. 26 Nov. 2015 n.p. Web. 20 June. 2016.
    < http://news.stanford.edu/2015/12/26/inequality-grusky-qna-121915/>
    Perry, Brain. From Piggybank to Portfolio: A Financial Roadmap for New Investors. New York: Sterling & Ross, 2011.
    Petrar, Petronia Popa, and Carmen-Veronica Borbely. “Databodies: Digitalising the Ustopian Space in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Caietele Echinox 27 (2014): 307-318
    Piketty, Thomas. Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Trans. Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 2014.
    Pippidi, Alina Mungiu. The Quest for Good Governance: How Societies Develop Control of Corruption. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2015.
    Rabie, Mohamed. Saving Capitalism and Democracy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
    Ragland-Sullivan, Ellie, and Mark Bracher, eds. Lacan and the Subject of Language. New York: Routledge, 2014.
    Robinson, Alan. “Faking it: Simulation and Self-Fashioning in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” British Asian Fiction: Framing the Contemporary. Eds. Neil Murphy and Wai-chew Sim. New York: Cambria P, 2008.
    Rogobete, Daniela. “Protean Identities and Invisible Borders in Hari Kunzru’s The Impressionist.” British and American Studies 14 (2008): 59-70
    Roy, Anita. “My Revolutions, Hari Kunzru.” Anita Roy. Anita Roy. Aug. 21 2007. n.p. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. < http://anitaroy.net/2007/08/my-revolutions-hari-kunzru/>
    Roy, Bidhan. “Imagining a World of Inequality: Representing Class Identities in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Multiple Experiences of Modernity: Toward a Humanist Critique of Modernity. Ed. Oliver Kozlarek. Gottingen: V & R, 2014.
    Russell, Ruby. “Exclusive: Taiwan Occupation Turns into ‘Sunflower Revolution.” Occupy. com. 26 March 2014. n.p. Web. 2 Jan. 2016.
    < http://www.occupy.com/article/exclusive-taiwan-occupation-turns-sunflower-revolution>
    Ruti, Mari. The Singularity of Being: Lacan and the Immortal Within. New York: Fordham UP, 2012.
    Sacks, Sam. “Writing and Nothingness.” Open Letters Monthly. April 2008. n.p. Web. 15 Oct. 2015.
    < http://www.openlettersmonthly.com/april08-writing-and-nothingness/>
    Salecl, Renata. (Per)version of Love and Hate. London: Verso, 2000.
    Schapff, Barbara. “Trying to Escape, Longing to Belong — Roots, Genes and Performativity in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth and Hari Kunzru’s The Impressionist.” Transcultural English Studies: Theories, Fictions, Realities. Eds. Frank Schulze-Engler and Sissy Helff. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2009. 281-292.
    Schoene, Berthold. The Cosmopolitan Novel. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2009.
    Scholte, Aart Jan. “Global Capitalism and the State.” International Affairs 73.3
    (1997): 427-452.
    Selz, Peter Howard and Susan Landauer. Art of Engagement: Visual Politics in California and Beyond. Oakland: U of California P, 2006
    Shan, Shelley. “Trade Pact Siege: Experts Decry NCC Telecom Plans.” Taipei Times.
    10 Apr. 2014 n.p. Web. 8 Feb. 2016.
    <http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2014/04/10/2003587705>
    Sharpe, Matthew. Slavoj Žižek: A Little Piece of the Real. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.
    Sharpe, Matthew, & Geoff Boucher. Žižek and Politics. Scotland: Edinburgh UP, 2010.
    Shelden, T. Ashley. “Cosmopolitan Love: The One and the World in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission.” Contemporary Literature 53.2 (2012): 348-373.
    Shih, Hsiu-chuan. “Experts Fear Forthcoming Risks to Internet Freedom.” Taipei Times. 31 Aug. 2013, n.p. Web. 12 March 2016.
    < http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/08/31/2003570992>
    Sloterdijk, Peter. Critique of Cynical Reason. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1988.
    Slyke, Shanna R., Michael L. Benson, and Francis T. Cullen, eds. The Oxford Handbook of White-Collar Crime. New York: Oxford, 2016.
    Sohn-Rethel, Alfred. Intellectual and Manual Labour: A Critique of Epistemology. London: Macmillan P, 1978.
    Stavrakakis, Yannis. Lacan and the Political. London: Routledge, 2002.
    Taylor, J. D. Negative Capitalism: Cynicism in the Neoliberal Era. Hampshire: Zero Books, 2013.
    Thorup, Mikkel. The Total Enemy: Six Chapters of a Violent Idea. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2015.
    Vighi, Fabio. On Žižek’s Dialectics: Surplus, Subtraction, Sublimation. London: Continuum P, 2010.
    Watson, Bronwyn, Tara. “Look at Me, But Not All of Me: Examing the Selfie Phenomenon Through an Art Historical Lens.” MA thesis. Australian Catholic U, 2014. Print.
    Weiss, D. Martin. The Ultimate Depression Survival Guide, New Jersey: John Wiely & Sons, 2009
    Welch, Levin. “The Global Capitalist Crisis and the 2008 Financial Meltdown in the United States.” The Global Capitalist Crisis and Its Aftermath. Ed. Berch Berberoglu. Burlington: Ashgate, 2014. 99-138.
    Wood, James. “Notes from Underground: Fugitive Lives by Peter Carey and Hari Kunzru.” The New Yorker: Conde Nast. March. 3 2008. n.p. Web. 10 Dec. 2015. < http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/03/03/notes-from-underground-2>
    Wood, Kelsey. Žižek: A Reader’s Guide. New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.
    Wright, Elizabeth, and Edmond Wright, eds. The Žižek Reader. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999.
    Wu, Chien-heng. “That Obscure Object (a) of Drive: The Politics of Negativity in Derrida and Žižek.” Concentric 35.2 (2009): 69-102
    Young, Parson. “Taiwan’s Third Party Forces and New Political Forces around the World,” New Bloom on the Web, 18 Oct. 2015, n.p. Web. 6 Jan. 2016. <http://newbloommag.net/2015/10/18/link-third-force-new-political-forces/>
    Zhang, Laney. “Taiwan: Corporate Income Tax Reduced to 17%.” Global Legal Monitor, 24 June 2010, n.p. Web. 18 Feb. 2016.
    < http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/taiwan-corporate-income-tax-reduced-to-17/>
    Zietchik, Steven. “Hari Kunzru: Speeding toward a (Cloudy) Future.” Pwinterview 21 Jun. 2004: 39-40. Print.
    Žižek, Slavoj, & Glyn Daly. Conversation with Žižek. Cambridge: Polity P, 2004.
    Žižek, Slavoj. Did Somebody Say Totalitarianism? Five Interventions in the (Mis)use of a Notion. London: Verso, 2002.
    —. Enjoy Your Symptom! Jacque Lacan in Hollywood and out. London: Routledge, 1992.
    —. For They Know Not What They Do: Enjoyment as a Political Factor. London: Verso, 1991.
    —, et al. “Four Discourses, Four Subjects.” Cogito and the Unconscious. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1998.
    —. In Defense of Lost Causes. London: Verso, 2009.
    —. Interrogating the Real. New York: Bloomsburry Academic, 2005.
    —, et al. Lacan: The Silent Partners. London: Verso, 2006.
    —. Mapping Ideology. London. Verso, 1994.
    —. The Metastases of Enjoyment: Six Essays on Woman and Causality. London: Verso, 2005.
    —. “Neighbors and Other Monsters: A Plea for Ethical Violence.” The Neighbor: Three Inquiries in Political Theology. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2005.
    —. “Objet a in Social Links.” Jacques Lacan and the Other Side of Psychoanalysis: Reflections on Seminar XVII. Durham and London: Duke U P, 2006.
    —. On Belief. London: Routedge, 2001.
    —. The Parallax View. Cambridge, MA: MIT P, 2006.
    —. Plague of Fantasies. London: Verso, 1997.
    —. “Slavoj Žižek on Greece.” 06 July. 2015. Online. Internet. NewStatesman. 14
    Aug. 2015.
    <http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/07/Slavoj-Zizek-greece-chance-europe-awaken>
    —. “Slavoj Žižek’s Speech at Liberty Square.” 09 Oct. 2011. Online. Internet. World Press. 23 May. 2013.
    <http://carlygsdrafts.wordpress.com/2011/10/10/slavoj-Žižeks-speech-at-liberty-square/>
    —. The Sublime Object of Ideology. London: Verso, 1989.
    —. Tarrying With the Negative: Kant, Hegel, and the Critique of Ideology. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1993.
    —. The Ticklish Subject: The Absent Centre of Political Ontology. London: Verso, 1999.
    Zupančič, Alenka. Ethics of the Real. London: Verso, 2000.

    下載圖示
    QR CODE