碳質物(CM)常存於泥質岩中，會隨變質度的增加而石墨化，其石墨化程度(GD)受變質温度的影響非常顯著而對變質壓力則較不敏感，
亦不易產生退化變質，因此能紀錄多次變質作用的最高變質温度，為指示最高變質温度的重要物質之ㄧ。今於花蓮縣瑞穗地區及萬榮林道沿線採集大南澳變質雜岩區變質泥質岩共計26個標本，從中萃取CM分析其X光繞射圖譜(XRD)和拉曼光譜(RS)，進而推算最高變質温度。

本區XRDCM的圖譜由低2θ角(d≧3.368 Å)與高2θ角(d＝3.346~3.356 Å)二個位置的繞射峰所組成，兩者存在d(002)晶面間距差為0.012 Å。隨著GD的增加，低2θ角繞射峰的強度漸減，高2θ角繞射峰的強度漸增，此暗示本區的有序石墨除了一小部分可能來自沉積前已受高變質作用的碎屑外，大部分是由後來的變質作用逐漸產生。繞射峰的峰型在本文中將分為兩型：(1) 圖譜在低角度側出現肩形呈現不對稱者為雙峰型；與(2)圖譜兩側較為對稱如瑞穗段斑點泥質片岩者視為單峰型。若以RSCM温度校正XRDCM温度，可得地質溫度計的公式為：

Temp.(℃)= 4.0 × GD + 333 (雙峰型，採用低2θ角繞射峰之GD)
Temp.(℃)= 4.5 × GD + 206 (單峰型)

在瑞穗地區玉里層各段地層RSCM所計算最高變質溫度的空間分佈均大約遵照該地層的層序。其中瑞穗段(RSCM平均溫度487±42℃)為厚500公尺的斑點泥質片岩所構成，其層位夾於紅葉段(435±9℃)和虎頭山段(454±16℃)之間與太魯閣層(469±10℃)之上。瑞穗段計算所得溫度為本研究最高，應是岩性特別所致，其值比較接近以往由礦物群所得的最高變質溫度500℃。因此要成為良好的地質溫度計，唯有選擇碳質物含/夾於適當的岩層(如本區厚層的斑點泥質片岩)。

關鍵詞: X光繞射圖譜、大南澳變質雜岩、石墨化、地質溫度計、
拉曼光譜、碳質物、變質泥質岩。

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