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研究生: 陳筱鳳
Chen, Hsiao-Feng
論文名稱: 路易斯酸輔佐側鏈烯-,炔-,和呋喃-炔醯胺衍生物的分子內環化反應:2-胺基萘環、螺旋γ-內醯胺與三取代吡咯化合物的合成
Lewis Acid-Promoted Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions of Ene-, Yne-, and Furan-Tethered Ynamides: Synthesis of 2-Aminonaphthalenes, Spiro γ-Lactams, and Trisubstituted Pyrrole Derivatives
指導教授: 葉名倉
Yeh, Ming-Chang
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2019
畢業學年度: 107
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 528
中文關鍵詞: 炔醯胺銦(III)炔-炔醯胺二氯亞鐵螺旋γ-內醯胺呋喃-炔醯胺氯金酸鈉吡咯
英文關鍵詞: ynamide, indium(III), naphthalene, yne-ynamide, iron(II) chloride, spiro γ-lactam, furan-ynamide, NaAuCl4, pyrrole
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU201900449
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 本文主要探討三個主題,依序利用路易斯酸輔佐分子內環化芳香1,5-烯炔醯胺、五員環N-丙炔基-N-1-炔醯胺,和呋喃炔醯胺化合物,分別合成出2-胺基萘、螺旋γ-內醯胺,與三取代吡咯衍生物。

    (1) 利用三氟甲磺酸銦催化劑,可有效的使鄰位帶有烯烴的芳香N-甲基-N-甲苯磺醯基炔醯胺化合物,合成出2-胺基萘衍生物。高效率的合成、溫和的反應條件,以及符合原子經濟效應皆為此反應的優勢。此外,也可利用sodium naphtalenide於四氫呋喃溶液中,成功將氮上的甲苯磺醯基去保護,得到二級胺萘衍生物。

    (2) 以二氯亞鐵試劑輔佐五員環N-丙炔基-N-1-炔醯胺化合物,於四氫呋喃溶劑且乾燥空氣的條件下,進行分子內環化可生成氯加成的螺旋γ-內醯胺衍生物。二氯亞鐵活化N-丙炔基-N-1-炔醯胺,會先形成keteniminium ion中間體(I),氯陰離子加成至keteniminium ion碳中心得到中間體(II),另一個氯陰離子由同側加成至炔基,水解後可得螺旋γ-內醯胺衍生物。

    (3) 利用金(III)催化呋喃炔醯胺化合物可有效合成2,3,4-三取代吡咯衍生物。以5 mol%氯金酸鈉作為反應催化劑,於溫和的條件下進行環化反應,即可得到高產率吡咯環化產物。其中值得一提的是,呋喃-炔醯胺化合物經金(III)催化,可促使呋喃開環來進行環化反應。而吡咯衍生物3號位帶有共軛烯醛取代,可藉由反應溫度的不同,個別分離出(Z)-或(E)-組態產物。

    This thesis covers three topics. Lewis acid-promoted intramolecular cyclization reactions of aromatic 1,5-enynamides, five-membered ring N-propargyl-N-1-ynylamides, and furan-tetherted ynamides yielding 2-aminonaphthalenes, spiro γ-lactams, and trisubstituted pyrrole derivatives, respectivety.

    (1) Indium triflate enabled the efficient synthesis of 2-aminonaphthalenes from aromatic N-methyl-N-tosyl-ynamides bearing an ortho-vinyl group. The reaction featured high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, as well as atom economy. Furthermore, the deprotection of the N-tosyl group with sodium naphtalenide in tetrahydrofuran provided the corresponding free amino napathalene derivatives.

    (2) The FeClR2R-promoted intramolecular cyclization of five-membered ring N-propargyl-N-1-ynylamides in tetrahydrofuran under dry air afforded chlorinated spiro γ-lactams. Activation of the N-propargyl-N-1-ynylamides with FeClR2R gave the keteniminium ion (I), which was attacked by chloride anion to afforded intermediate (II). Syn-addition of the chloride and the olefin moiety to the pendant alkyne of II generated the spiro γ-lactams.

    (3) An efficient gold(III)-catalyzed formation of 2,3,4-trisubstituted pyrrole derivatives from furan-tethered ynamides is reported. The transformation was under mild reaction conditions and in good yield using 5 mol% NaAuClR4R as the catalyst. It worthly noted that gold(III)-catalyzed furan-ynamide cyclization proceeded through ring-opening of furan. And the pyrrole deivatives had a propenal side chain at C3 position, the isolation of (Z)- or (E)- configuration were both viable by different reaction temperature.

    目錄 i 圖目錄 v 式目錄 vii 流程目錄 ix 表目錄 xiii 縮寫列表 xv 摘要 xvii Abstract xix 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 萘骨架之天然物 1 1-2 螺旋γ-內醯胺之天然物 4 1-3 吡咯(pyrrole)骨架之天然物 5 第二章 三氟甲磺酸銦催化2-胺基萘化合物的合成 9 2-1 前言 9 2-2 文獻回顧 10 2-3 實驗設計與概念 25 2-4 實驗結果與討論 27 2-5 反應機制探討 44 2-6 結論 47 第三章 二氯亞鐵輔佐螺旋γ-內醯胺化合物的合成 49 3-1 前言 49 3-2 文獻回顧 50 3-3 實驗設計與概念 69 3-4 實驗結果與討論 75 3-5 反應機制探討 95 3-6 結論 98 第四章 氯金酸鈉催化三取代吡咯化合物的合成 99 4-1 前言 99 4-2 文獻回顧 100 4-3 實驗設計與概念 121 4-4 實驗結果與討論 122 4-5 反應機制探討 141 4-6 結論 146 第五章 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION 147 5-1 General Experimental Details 147 5-2 Indium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2-Aminonaphthalene Derivatives 148 5-3 Iron(II)-Promoted Synthesis of Spiro γ-Lactam Derivatives 189 5-4 Gold(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Trisubstituted Pyrrole Derivatives 236 參考資料 263 附錄 271 1H、13C與19F NMR 圖譜 273 X-ray ORTEP 解析圖譜以及checkCIF/PLATON report 445 期刊論文發表 497

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