簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 肯琳
Camryn Renita Stephanie Mendoza
論文名稱: How Can Freelancing Help Unemployment in Belize?
How Can Freelancing Help Unemployment in Belize?
指導教授: 賴志樫
Chih-Chien Steven Lai
口試委員: 賴志樫
Chih-Chien Steven Lai
盧承杰
Cheng-Chieh Allan Lu
李栢浡
Pai-Po Lee
口試日期: 2024/06/11
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 國際人力資源發展研究所
Graduate Institute of International Human Resource Developmemt
論文出版年: 2024
畢業學年度: 112
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 60
英文關鍵詞: Freelancing, Freelancer, Unemployment
研究方法: 主題分析
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202401758
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:50下載:1
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • The purpose of this study is to discuss how freelancing can be used to address the job gap in Belize. Due to the pandemic many organizations were downsized because employers did not have the funds to keep employees employed when they weren't profiting because operation hours were harmed because the world was forced to close to end the pandemic. As it stands, the pandemic has become an epidemic, and unemployment continues at an all-time high, particularly in Belize. Aside from the epidemic, there are other medical issues that cause people to be unemployed. Another significant difficulty is the scarcity of available jobs. This used a qualitative approach to allow the researchers to conduct one-on-one interviews with the 15 participants in the study. This method was chosen because it is useful for answering "how" and "why" questions, understanding a social phenomenon, and broadening knowledge. At the end of this research, it was revealed that freelancing can help Belize reduce unemployment, but it is not a permanent solution to unemployment. Another interesting finding revealed that people living without disabilities deemed freelancing as a more short-term solution to unemployment, while people living with disabilities view freelancing as a permanent solution to unemployment because it allows them to be employed, while traditional employment in Belize does not offer them a solution to unemployment.

    ACKNOWLEDGE ABSTRACT I TABLE OF CONTENTS III LIST OF TABLES V LIST OF FIGURES VII CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 Background of the Study 1 Statement of the Problem 3 Purpose of the Study 3 Questions of the Study 3 Significance of the Study 4 Delimitations of the Study 4 Definition of Key Terms 5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 7 Challenges of Employment in Belize 7 The Rise of Freelancing 10 Freelancing Creating Opportunities 14 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY 17 Research Approach and Method 17 Research Procedure 18 Data Collection 21 Participants 23 Data Analysis 24 Research Quality 26 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 29 Freelancing and Unemployment Gap 29 Challenges of Freelancing 34 Benefits of Freelance 36 Discussion 38 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 42 Conclusions 42 Implications 44 Research Limitation 46 Recommendation for Future Studies 47 REFERENCES 49 APPENDIX A INTERVIEW CONSENT FORM 55 APPENDIX B INTERVIEW QUESTIONS 57 APPENDIX C SUMMARY FROM INTERVIEW RECORD 59

    Akhmetshin, E. M., Kovalenko, K. E., Mueller, J. E., Khakimov, A. K., Yumashev, A. V., & Khairullina, A. D. (2018). Freelancing as a type of entrepreneurship: Advantages, disadvantages and development prospects. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 21(2), 1-10. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/Freelancing-as-a-type-of-entrepreneurship-%20advantages-1528-2651-21-S2-262.pdf
    Ayoobzadeh, M. (2022). Freelance job search during times of uncertainty: Protean career orientation, career competencies and job search. Personnel Review, 51(1), 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-07-2020-0563
    Australia, S. C. B. O. (2023, May 4). Unemployment: Its Measurement and types | Explainer | Education. Reserve Bank of Australia. https://www.rba.gov.au/education/resources/explainers/unemployment-its-measurement-and-types.html
    Ahmad, S. (2023, February 14). 10 benefits of freelancing. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/10-benefits-freelancing-sufyan-ahmad
    ATLAS.ti. (2023, October 10). The ultimate guide to coding qualitative data. https://atlasti.com/guides/qualitative-research-guide-part-2/data-coding
    Bhat, A. (1992). Data analysis in research: Types & methods. QuestionPro. https://www.questionpro.com/blog/data-analysis-in-research/#:~:text=The%20motive%20behind%20data%20analysis,mining%2C%20or%20developing%20graphical%20representation
    MacroTrends. (n.d.). Belize crime rate & statistics 1960-2024. MacroTrends. https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/countries/BLZ/belize/crime-rate-statistics
    Beerepoot, N., & Oprins, J. (2021). Online freelancing and impact sourcing: Examining the inclusive development potential of online service work in the Philippines. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 87(4), e12204.
    Beltraide. (2016). Belize National Entrepreneurship Strategy 2014. https://issuu.com/beltraidemarketing/docs/national_entrepreneurship_strategy_
    Busetto, L., Wick, W. & Gumbinger, C. How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurol. Res. Pract. 2, 14 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z
    Bitsch, V. (2005). Qualitative research: A grounded theory example and evaluation criteria. Journal of Agribusiness, 23(1), 75-91.
    Cleland, J. A. (2017, June). The qualitative orientation in medical education research. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 29(2), 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2017.53
    De Souza, I. (2023). Check out 20 benefits of freelancing that can inspire you. Rock Content. https://rockcontent.com/blog/benefits-of-freelancing/
    Dovetail Editorial Team. (2023, May 18). How to conduct a qualitative interview (2024 guide) (M. Damyanov, Ed.). Dovetail. https://dovetail.com/research/qualitative-interview/
    ECLAC NOTES. (2012). Disability in Latin America and the Caribbean – public policy challenges | ECLAC. https://www.cepal.org/notes/74/Titulares2
    Faieta, J. (2016). Caribbean: Rethinking progress in sustainable development era. United Nations IPS. http://www.ipsnews.net/2016/09/caribbean-rethinking-progress-in-sustainable-development-era/
    FreeOnlineSurveys. (2021, July 8). Quantitative data collection and analysis. FreeOnlineSurveys. https://freeonlinesurveys.com/survey-research/quantitative-data-collection/
    Gandini, A. (2016). Digital work: Self-branding and social capital in the freelance knowledge economy. Marketing Theory, 16(1), 123-141.
    Humes, A. [MR Aaron Humes]. (2022, October 17). University of Belize graduates 1,145 in first in-person post-Covid ceremony. BBN Belize. https://www.breakingbelizenews.com/2022/10/17/university-of-belize-graduates-1145-in-first-in-person-post-covid-ceremony/
    Hammarberg, K., Kirkman, M., & De Lacey, S. (2016). Qualitative research methods: When to use them and how to judge them. Human Reproduction, 31(3), 498–501. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev334
    IvyPanda. (2023, April 15). Unemployment leads to crime essay. IvyPanda. https://ivypanda.com/essays/relationship-between-unemployment-and-crime/
    International Labour Organization. (1996). The challenge of youth unemployment in the Caribbean: The role of youth employment training programmes. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---americas/---ro-lima/---sro-port_of_spain/documents/publication/wcms_224314.pdf
    International Labour Organization. (2023, February 7). Informality and working poverty weigh down labour markets in Latin America and the Caribbean. https://www.ilo.org/caribbean/newsroom/WCMS_867540/lang--en/index.htm
    IMF Blog. (2018, February 12). Chart of the week: Crime, joblessness, and youth in the Caribbean. IMF. https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2018/02/12/chart-of-the-week-crime-joblessness-and-youth-in-the-caribbean#:~:text=In%20some%20countries%20(for%20example,in%20many%20of%20the%20islands
    Jaitman, L., & Machin, S. (n.d.). Crime and violence in Latin America and the Caribbean: Towards evidence-based policies. CentrePiece. https://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/cp461.pdf
    Kleibert, J. M., & Mann, L. (2020). Capturing value amidst constant global restructuring? Information-technology-enabled services in India, the Philippines and Kenya. The European Journal of Development Research, 32(4), 1057-1079. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-020-00251-6
    Korstjens, I., & Moser, A. (2017). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. European Journal of General Practice, 24(1), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092
    Larimer, K. (2019). Four lunches and a breakfast: What I learned about the book business while breaking bread with. Poets & Writers Magazine, 47(4), 49-64.
    Lashley, J. G. (2016). SME and entrepreneurship policies in the Caribbean. In R. A. Blackburn & M. T. Schaper (Eds.), Government, SMEs and entrepreneurship development: Policy, practice and challenges (pp. 75–90). Routledge.
    Mende, L. (n.d.). The largest economies in the world by nominal GDP (current US$). Klimanaturali. http://www.klimanaturali.org/2023/03/the-largest-economies-in-world-by.html
    Moran, M. (2024, April 24). What is credibility in qualitative research and how do we establish it? Statistics Solutions. https://www.statisticssolutions.com/what-is-credibility-in-qualitative-research/
    Mountford, J. (n.d.). How can we unlock the potential of TVET to support development in growing economies? British Council. https://www.britishcouncil.org/education/skills-employability/skills-policy/global-spotlight/blog/unlock_potential_TVET_support_development_growing_economies#:~:text=The%20successful%20implementation%20of%20TVET,and%20their%20communities'%20sustainable%20prosperity.
    Neubauer, B., Witkop, C., & Varpio, L. (2019). How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2
    Oquaye[I1] , R. J., [Rev Johnnie Oquaye]. (2023, May 28). Why freelancing could reduce unemployment in Africa. T.A.F College. https://tafcollege.com/blog-posts/f/why-freelancing-could-reduce-unemployment-in-africa
    Popelo, O., Kychko, I., Tulchynska, S., Zhygalkevych, Z., & Treitiak, O. (2021). The impact of digitalization on the forms change of employment and the labor market in the context of the information economy development. International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security, 21(5), 160-167.
    PAHO. (n.d.). PAHO countries and centers: English-speaking Caribbean. Pan American Health Organization. https://www3.paho.org/commoninfo/viewsubregion.php?lang=en&idsubregion=4
    Pinegar, G. (n.d.). How to take advantage of the many benefits of freelancing. G2 Learn. https://learn.g2.com/benefits-of-freelancing
    Property for rent in Belize - realestate.com.au. (n.d.). Realtor.com. https://www.realtor.com/international/bz/rent/?sort=price+asc
    Reynolds, B. W. (2023, July 24). What is freelancing? A complete guide to freelance jobs. FlexJobs Job Search Tips and Blog. https://www.flexjobs.com/blog/post/what-is-a-freelancer/#:~:text=Definition%20and%20Meaning,they%20are%20ultimately%20self%2Demployed.
    Reckmann, N. (2023, December 20). In most countries, freelancers earn more than average workers. Business News Daily. https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/7959-freelance-pay-rates.html
    Salamon, E. (2020). Digitizing freelance media labor: A class of workers negotiates entrepreneurialism and activism. New Media & Society, 22(1), 105-122.
    Sendilvelu, K., & Shah, M. D. (2021). A comparative study on investment pattern of self-employed and start-up entrepreneurs with special reference to Pan India. Indian Journal of Finance and Banking, 5(2), 62-84.
    Shevchuk, A., Strebkov, D., & Davis, S. N. (2018). Work value orientations and worker well-being in the new economy. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 38(9/10), 736–753. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2018-0006
    Spilsbury, M. (2016). Exploring freelance journalism. National Council for the Training of Journalists.
    Saiesha. (2022). English learning in Latin America. The Borgen Project. https://borgenproject.org/english-learning-in-latin-america/#:~:text=English%20is%20growing%20as%20the,America%20require%20proficiency%20in%20English.
    Stotz, J. (2022). Average and minimum salary in Belize. Check in Price. https://checkinprice.com/average-minimum-salary-belize/
    Statistical Institute Of Belize. (2023). Labour force survey. https://sib.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/LabourForce_2023-04.pdf
    Stenfors, T., Kajamaa, A., & Bennett, D. (2020). How to assess the quality of qualitative research. The Clinical Teacher, 17(6), 596-599. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13242
    Sybing, R. (2024, April 8). What is open coding in qualitative research? ATLAS.ti. https://atlasti.com/research-hub/open-coding
    SooleenAbbas. (2024, May 20). The importance of establishing credibility in qualitative research. Sago.https://sago.com/en/resources/blog/the-importance-of-establishing-credibility-in-qualitative-research/#:~:text=To%20achieve%20credibility%2C%20you%20must,the%20quality%20of%20the%20research.
    Thelwall, M., & Nevill, T. (2021). Is research with qualitative data more prevalent and impactful now? Interviews, case studies, focus groups and ethnographies. Library & Information Science Research, 43(2), 101094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2021.101094
    Tobin, G. A., & Begley, C. M. (2004). Methodological rigour within a qualitative framework. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(4), 388-396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03207.x
    U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs. (n.d.). Unemployment and crime. https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/unemployment-and-crime-1
    Villegas, F. (2023, June 12). Research process steps: What they are + how to follow. QuestionPro.https://www.questionpro.com/blog/research-process-steps/
    Vasileiou, K., Barnett, J., Thorpe, S., & Young, T. (2018). Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies: Systematic analysis of qualitative health research over a 15-year period. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18(1), 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7
    Wright, K. (2016). “These grey areas” How and why freelance work blurs INGOs and news organizations. Journalism Studies, 17(8), 989-1009.
    WageIndicator.org. (n.d.). Minimum wage increased in Belize from 01 January 2023 - January 10, 2023. WageIndicatorFoundation.
    https://wageindicator.org/salary/minimum-wage/minimum-wages-news/2023/minimum-wage-increased-in-belize-from-01-january-2023-january-10-2023#:~:text=The%20minimum%20wage%20has%20been,00%20per%20hour.
    Zackkinslow. (2023, July 27). Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Worksuite - Global Freelancer Management Platform. https://worksuite.com/glossary/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-dei/

    下載圖示
    QR CODE