本研究主旨在探討機械相關學系學生工程圖學剖視圖解題的歷程及使用策略教學對學習剖視圖前與學習剖視圖後解題歷程的差異，以作為教學之參考。本研究以有聲思考法蒐集其繪製物體剖視圖時之解題行為，並應用量化之統計方法處理策略教學對解題行為的影響。最後依據研究發現，提出本研究結論如下：
一、策略教學前，發現「改變策略」及「繪製各視圖的隱藏線」兩項出現頻繁，而策略教學後出現較多的是「敘 述程序及策略運用順序」、「敘述所用策略的理由」。
二、受試者所採用的解題行為前後的順序不同，會造成解題成效的差異。
三、策略教學後受試者解題行為比策略教學前受試者表現較多解題次數，且解題行為表現範圍較廣，差異也大。
四、策略教學後受試者解題成效比策略教學前有顯著的進步。
本研究對剖視圖之教學除建議宜增進學習者策略行為，以提升物體剖視圖之繪製能力及提供學習者系統化之剖視圖解題方法以增進解題能力外，並建議教師在教學時應使用物體實物或模型教學，以增進學習者之空間概念、視圖選擇以及策略應用概念。

The study aims to explore the problem-solving process of sectional view by mechanical engineering related students and the difference between take the strategy-teaching or not to them so as to serve as reference for improvements in teaching and studying sectional view. The study complies the subjects' behavior in producing sectional view of objects with the thinking aloud approach, and also applies quantitative statistic methods to analyze the impacts of the space concept on the problem-solving behavior of subjects with different majors. According to the findings in the study, the following conclusions are this drawn from the research:
1. The "changing strategy" and "drawing hidden line in every views" appear frequently before take strategy-teaching, "narration process and strategg-taking order" and "narrating the reason of strategy-taking".
2. The different order of problem-solving by problem solver can make the difference of problem-solving effenciency.
3. The problem-solving behavior have more frequencies of problem-solving, and their problem-solving behavior exhibited more broadly and differently.
4. It has obviously progress in problem-solving effenciency after taking strategy-teaching.
Based on the study, the following recommendations are made regarding the teaching of sectional view: more strategic behavior should be acquired by the learners so as to improve their ability to draw the sectional view of object; systematic problem-solving approaches should be provided for the learners in order to enhance their problem-solving ability; and teachers are encouraged to use material objects or models in their teaching for the purpose of helping the learners improve their concept of space, view choices and strategic applications.

一、中文部分
王文科（民80）：教育研究法。台北：五南書局。
王輔春、康鳳梅、朱鳳傳等（民87）：工程圖學。台北：師大書苑有限公司。
王家通（民85）：學習理論。台北：五南出版社。
李永吟（1989）：教學原理。台北：遠流出版。
游朝煌（民84）：大學學生空間、邏輯思考能力、不同補充策略教學及相關因素對程式設計學習成效影響之研究。國立彰化師範大學碩士論文。
黃秀瑄、林瑞欽譯（民80）。認知心理學。台北市：師大書苑。
張玉成 (民84) 思考技巧與教學。台北：心理出版社。
張春興　(1998) 教育心理學。台北：東華書局。
教育部（民83）。五年制專科學校工業類科目表暨教材大綱施行要點。
康鳳梅、鍾瑞國（民85）：因應產業自動化高工機械科機械裝圖與電腦輔助製圖課程整合規劃及教學實驗之研究（Ⅳ）。85年度國科會研究報告。
康鳳梅、鍾瑞國（民86）：提升五年制工專機械科學生正投影視圖解題能力之研究。86年度國科會研究報告。
康鳳梅、鍾瑞國（民87）：我國大學機械相關系學生工程圖學剖視圖解題歷程之研究。87年度國科會研究報告。
賈馥茗（民60）：數學（題解）創造能力發展之實驗研究。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所集刊，第13期，頁1-79。
鄭光臣，許明仁（民86）：機械製圖實習第一冊。台北：龍展圖書。
歐陽鐘玲（民71）：學童空間概念的發展。臺灣師範大學地理研究所碩士論文。
戴文雄（民81）。高工學生認知型態與空間觀念對機械製圖學習成效與態度之研究。高雄：復文書局。
戴文雄、游朝煌、陳培文及陳華昌（民83）。高工學生空間觀念對機械製圖學習成效與態度之研究。83年度國科會研究報告。
戴文雄（民85）。不同回饋型式電腦輔助學習對機械製圖學習成效之研究。85年度國科會研究報告。
劉火欽（民85）。機械製圖（一）。台北：復文書局。
劉錫麒（民78）。國小高年級學生數學解題歷程及其相關因素的研究。花蓮師院學報，第三期，頁23-90。
鍾聖校（民79）。科學教育研究。台北市：師大書苑。
二、英文部分
Blade, R.N. (1976). The effect of problem context upon the problem solving processes used by field dependant and independant students: A Clinical study. (Doctoral Dissertation, Uni. of British Columbia.) University Microfilms International.
Boring, E.G. (1953). A history of introspection. Psychological Bulletin, 50, 169-189.
Brown, A.L., Bransford, J.D., Ferrara, R.A., & Campione, J.C. (1983).Learning, remembering, and understanding. In J.H. Flavell & E.M. Markman (Eds), Handbook of child psychology: Cognitive development (IV, PP.77-166). N.Y.:Wiley.
Duncker, K. (1945) On problem solving. Psychological Monographs, 58,1-112.
Ericcson, K.A., & Simon, H.A. (1980) Verbal reports as data.Psychological Review, 87, 215-252.
Frederiksen, N. (1984) Implications of cognitive theory for instruction in problem solving. Review of Eduction research 54-363-4067; fall.
Gardner,H.(1985).Frames of mind:The theory of multiple intelligence.N.Y.:Basic Books,Inc.
Gange, E.D. (1985). The Cognitive Psychology of School Learning.Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown and Company.
Glass, A.R. (1996). The effects of thinking aloud pair problem solving on technology education students' thinking processes, procedures, and problem solving. University of Minnesota. (UMI: AAC 9220258).
Grandy, M.B. (1975). Problem Solving in Algebra as Related to Piagetian Levels of Thought (Doctoral Dissertation). The University of Texas of Austin.
Hayes, J.R., & Flower, L. (1981) Uncovering cognitive processes in writing: An introduction to protocol analysis. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association.
Johnson, H.A. (1985). The nature of student monitoring processes in mathematical problem solving tasks. (Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University.) University Microfilms International.
Kilpatrick, J. (1967) Analyzing the solution of word problems in mathematics: An exploratory study. (Doctoral Dissertation, Stanford University.) University Microfilms Interational.
Kilpatrick, J. (1985). A Retrospective Account of the past 25 Years of Research on Teaching Mathematical Problem Solving. Paper presented at silver, E.A. (Ed.), Teaching and Learning Mathematical Problem Solving: Multiple Research Perspectives.
Klausmeier, H.J. & Loughlin, L. J.(1961). Behaviors during problem-solving among children of low, average and high intelligence. Journal of Education Psychology, 148-152.
Lohman,D.F.(1979).Spatial ability:Individual differences in speed and level (Tech. Rep. No.9).Stanford,CA:Stanford University,Aptitude　Research Project, School of Education.　(NTIS NO.AD-A075973)
Lord, T. R.(1987). Spatial teaching. The Science Teacher,　52(2),32-34.
Lowery,B.R. & Knirk,F.G(1982).Micro-computer video games and spatial visualization acquisition. Journal of Educational Technology System,11(2),155-156.
Lucas, J.F., Branca, N. Goldberg, D., Kantowski, M.G., Kellogg, H. & Smith, J.P. (1984). A process-sequence coding system for behavioral analysis of mathematical problem solving. In G.A. Goldin & C.E. McClintock (Eds.), Task variables in mathematical problem solving (PP.353-378). Philadelphia: The Franklin Institutc Press.
Maltzman, I. (1955). Thinking: From a behavioristic point of view. Psychological Review, 62, 275-286.
Mayer, R.E. (1983). Thinking, problem solving, cognition. N.Y.: Freeman.
Newell, A., Shaw, J.C., & Simon, H.A. (1959). Report on a general problem-solving program. Maper P 1584, Santa Monica: Rond Corporation.
Newell, A., & Simon, H.A. (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
Nisbett, R.E. & Wilson, T.D.(1977). Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes. Psychological Review, 84, 231-259.
Pallrand, G. & Seeber, F.(1984). Spatial ability and achievement in introductory physics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(5),507-516.
Pearson, J.L. & Ialongo,N.S.(1986).The relationship between spatial ability and environment knowledge. Journal of Environmental Psychology,6,299-304.
Person, J.L. & Ferguson,L.R(1989).Gender diereses in patterns of spatial ability, environmental cognition, and math and english achievement in late adolescence. Adolescence, 10104(94),421-430.
Polya, G. (1945). How to solve it (2nd ed). N.Y.: Doubleday.
Reed, S.K.(1988). Cognition: Theory and application. Calitornia: Books Cole Pub., Company.
Robert & Leslie & Walter（1988） Principles of Instructional Design . HOLT. RINEHART AND WINSTON.INC.
Rowe, H.A.H (1985). Problem solving and intelligence. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Schoenfeld, A.H. (1985). Mathematical problem solving. N.Y.: Academic.
Schoenfeld, A.H. (Ed.) (1987). Cognitive science and mathematics education. Hillsdale, N.J.:Erlbaum.
Silver, E.A. (1982) Knowledge organization and mathematical problem solving. In F.K.
Simon, H.A. (1978). Information-processing theory of human problem solving. In W.K. Estes (Ed.), Handbook of Learning and cognitive processes. Vol.5, Human information processing. Hillsdale, N.J.:Erlbaum.
Stignorella,M.L. & Jamison,W.(1986). Masculinity, femininity, androgyny, and cognitive performance:A meta analysis. Psychological Bulletin,100, 207-228.
Vigil, P.J.(1988). Oline retrieval: Analysis and Strategy. NY: John Wiley & Sons.242.
Webb, N.L. (1975) An Exploration of Mathematical Problem Solving Processes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Stanford University.
Wertheimer, M. (1945, 1959) Productive Thinking. N.Y.:Harper & Row.