研究生: |
嚴偉力 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
北赤道洋流與黑潮上游之流況研究 |
指導教授: | 吳朝榮 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
海洋環境科技研究所 Graduate Institute of Marine Environmental Science and Technology |
論文出版年: | 2009 |
畢業學年度: | 97 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 73 |
中文關鍵詞: | 北赤道洋流 、傳輸量 、黑潮上游 、數值模式 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:217 下載:20 |
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北赤道洋流(North Equatorial Current)為一支由東向西流動的海流,到了菲律賓東邊以後,分成兩支,一支往北形成黑潮(Kuroshio),一支往南形成民答那峨海流(Mindanao Current),而海流分開的地方一般就稱為分支點(Bifurcation Point)。黑潮會將高溫高鹽水由低緯度往高緯度輸送,對於所經過區域如呂宋海峽、台灣、東海及日本的氣候變化,漁場分布等,都會產生很大的影響。所以對於黑潮上游及其源頭-北赤道洋流的變化,就值得探討。本研究是利用一個已經建構完成且有良好模擬結果的數值模式,來探討北赤道洋流與黑潮上游的流況。
透過模式的結果,我們瞭解到分支點會隨著時間的不同而有所改變。一般來說當它移動到較低緯度時,是在六月,移動到較高緯度時,是在十二月。另外北赤道洋流以及黑潮的傳輸量(Volume Transport)一樣也會隨著時間而有所改變,不過兩者都是呈現春夏較強,秋冬較弱的情形。而當聖嬰發生時,北赤道洋流的傳輸量會變多,分支點會往北移動,黑潮傳輸量會變少;當反聖嬰時,北赤道洋流傳輸量會變少,分支點往南移動,黑潮傳輸量變多。
黑潮上游的傳輸量,一直以來幾乎都是以18°N作為代表,對於18°N以南的黑潮流況,並不是很清楚,所以利用模式來對18°N以南的黑潮流況做一個探討。得到當緯度越來越接近18°N時,黑潮的傳輸量也就越來越多,而這主要是因為迴流(Recirculation)所導致的。
北赤道洋流與赤道反流兩者的主軸在聖嬰時會相距較遠,由動力高度圖來看可以發現北赤道洋流主軸兩側的高度差異較大;反聖嬰時,則是剛好相反,兩者主軸則是靠得比較近,北赤道洋流主軸兩側高度差異較小。透過動力高度圖,當海表面高度差異越大,海流流速就會越快,當差異越小,海流流速就會變小。
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