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研究生: 嚴偉力
論文名稱: 北赤道洋流與黑潮上游之流況研究
指導教授: 吳朝榮
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 海洋環境科技研究所
Graduate Institute of Marine Environmental Science and Technology
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 73
中文關鍵詞: 北赤道洋流傳輸量黑潮上游數值模式
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:232下載:21
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  • 北赤道洋流(North Equatorial Current)為一支由東向西流動的海流,到了菲律賓東邊以後,分成兩支,一支往北形成黑潮(Kuroshio),一支往南形成民答那峨海流(Mindanao Current),而海流分開的地方一般就稱為分支點(Bifurcation Point)。黑潮會將高溫高鹽水由低緯度往高緯度輸送,對於所經過區域如呂宋海峽、台灣、東海及日本的氣候變化,漁場分布等,都會產生很大的影響。所以對於黑潮上游及其源頭-北赤道洋流的變化,就值得探討。本研究是利用一個已經建構完成且有良好模擬結果的數值模式,來探討北赤道洋流與黑潮上游的流況。
    透過模式的結果,我們瞭解到分支點會隨著時間的不同而有所改變。一般來說當它移動到較低緯度時,是在六月,移動到較高緯度時,是在十二月。另外北赤道洋流以及黑潮的傳輸量(Volume Transport)一樣也會隨著時間而有所改變,不過兩者都是呈現春夏較強,秋冬較弱的情形。而當聖嬰發生時,北赤道洋流的傳輸量會變多,分支點會往北移動,黑潮傳輸量會變少;當反聖嬰時,北赤道洋流傳輸量會變少,分支點往南移動,黑潮傳輸量變多。
    黑潮上游的傳輸量,一直以來幾乎都是以18°N作為代表,對於18°N以南的黑潮流況,並不是很清楚,所以利用模式來對18°N以南的黑潮流況做一個探討。得到當緯度越來越接近18°N時,黑潮的傳輸量也就越來越多,而這主要是因為迴流(Recirculation)所導致的。
    北赤道洋流與赤道反流兩者的主軸在聖嬰時會相距較遠,由動力高度圖來看可以發現北赤道洋流主軸兩側的高度差異較大;反聖嬰時,則是剛好相反,兩者主軸則是靠得比較近,北赤道洋流主軸兩側高度差異較小。透過動力高度圖,當海表面高度差異越大,海流流速就會越快,當差異越小,海流流速就會變小。

    目錄 誌謝.................................................1 摘要.................................................2 目錄.................................................4 表目錄...............................................7 圖目錄...............................................8 第一章 緒論.........................................10 1.1前言.............................................10 1.2地理位置.........................................11 1.3文獻探討.........................................12 1.4研究目的.........................................16 第二章 研究資料及方法...............................17 2.1模式簡介.........................................17 2.1.1普林斯頓海洋數值模式(POM)......................17 2.1.2北太平洋模式(NPO)..............................17 2.2 衛星動力高度....................................19 2.3模式驗證.........................................20 2.3.1分支點驗證.....................................20 2.3.2垂直剖面驗證...................................21 2.3.3 NEC傳輸量驗證.................................22 2.4方法介紹.........................................23 2.4.1傳輸量計算.....................................24 2.4.2分支點.........................................24 第三章 研究結果與討論...............................26 3.1傳輸量及分支點的月變化...........................26 3.1.1北赤道洋流傳輸量...............................26 3.1.2北赤道洋流分支點...............................26 3.1.3黑潮傳輸量.....................................27 3.2傳輸量及分支點在聖嬰及反聖嬰時的變化.............28 3.2.1北赤道洋流傳輸量...............................28 3.2.2北赤道洋流分支點...............................29 3.2.3黑潮傳輸量.....................................30 3.3黑潮上游流況.....................................31 3.3.1月變化.........................................32 3.3.2聖嬰及反聖嬰...................................33 3.4北赤道洋流及北赤道反流...........................34 第四章結論與未來工作................................37 4.1結論.............................................37 4.2未來工作.........................................38 參考文獻............................................69

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