簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 嚴偉力
論文名稱: 北赤道洋流與黑潮上游之流況研究
指導教授: 吳朝榮
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 海洋環境科技研究所
Graduate Institute of Marine Environmental Science and Technology
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 73
中文關鍵詞: 北赤道洋流傳輸量黑潮上游數值模式
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:217下載:20
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 北赤道洋流(North Equatorial Current)為一支由東向西流動的海流,到了菲律賓東邊以後,分成兩支,一支往北形成黑潮(Kuroshio),一支往南形成民答那峨海流(Mindanao Current),而海流分開的地方一般就稱為分支點(Bifurcation Point)。黑潮會將高溫高鹽水由低緯度往高緯度輸送,對於所經過區域如呂宋海峽、台灣、東海及日本的氣候變化,漁場分布等,都會產生很大的影響。所以對於黑潮上游及其源頭-北赤道洋流的變化,就值得探討。本研究是利用一個已經建構完成且有良好模擬結果的數值模式,來探討北赤道洋流與黑潮上游的流況。
    透過模式的結果,我們瞭解到分支點會隨著時間的不同而有所改變。一般來說當它移動到較低緯度時,是在六月,移動到較高緯度時,是在十二月。另外北赤道洋流以及黑潮的傳輸量(Volume Transport)一樣也會隨著時間而有所改變,不過兩者都是呈現春夏較強,秋冬較弱的情形。而當聖嬰發生時,北赤道洋流的傳輸量會變多,分支點會往北移動,黑潮傳輸量會變少;當反聖嬰時,北赤道洋流傳輸量會變少,分支點往南移動,黑潮傳輸量變多。
    黑潮上游的傳輸量,一直以來幾乎都是以18°N作為代表,對於18°N以南的黑潮流況,並不是很清楚,所以利用模式來對18°N以南的黑潮流況做一個探討。得到當緯度越來越接近18°N時,黑潮的傳輸量也就越來越多,而這主要是因為迴流(Recirculation)所導致的。
    北赤道洋流與赤道反流兩者的主軸在聖嬰時會相距較遠,由動力高度圖來看可以發現北赤道洋流主軸兩側的高度差異較大;反聖嬰時,則是剛好相反,兩者主軸則是靠得比較近,北赤道洋流主軸兩側高度差異較小。透過動力高度圖,當海表面高度差異越大,海流流速就會越快,當差異越小,海流流速就會變小。

    目錄 誌謝.................................................1 摘要.................................................2 目錄.................................................4 表目錄...............................................7 圖目錄...............................................8 第一章 緒論.........................................10 1.1前言.............................................10 1.2地理位置.........................................11 1.3文獻探討.........................................12 1.4研究目的.........................................16 第二章 研究資料及方法...............................17 2.1模式簡介.........................................17 2.1.1普林斯頓海洋數值模式(POM)......................17 2.1.2北太平洋模式(NPO)..............................17 2.2 衛星動力高度....................................19 2.3模式驗證.........................................20 2.3.1分支點驗證.....................................20 2.3.2垂直剖面驗證...................................21 2.3.3 NEC傳輸量驗證.................................22 2.4方法介紹.........................................23 2.4.1傳輸量計算.....................................24 2.4.2分支點.........................................24 第三章 研究結果與討論...............................26 3.1傳輸量及分支點的月變化...........................26 3.1.1北赤道洋流傳輸量...............................26 3.1.2北赤道洋流分支點...............................26 3.1.3黑潮傳輸量.....................................27 3.2傳輸量及分支點在聖嬰及反聖嬰時的變化.............28 3.2.1北赤道洋流傳輸量...............................28 3.2.2北赤道洋流分支點...............................29 3.2.3黑潮傳輸量.....................................30 3.3黑潮上游流況.....................................31 3.3.1月變化.........................................32 3.3.2聖嬰及反聖嬰...................................33 3.4北赤道洋流及北赤道反流...........................34 第四章結論與未來工作................................37 4.1結論.............................................37 4.2未來工作.........................................38 參考文獻............................................69

    Centurioni, L. R., P. P. Niiler, and D–K. Lee (2004):Observations of inflow of Philippine Sea surface water into the South China Sea through the Luzon Strait.
    Journal of Physical Oceanography, 34, 113–121.
    Evelyn, B., C. Angela, P. Dave, P. John, R. Dave, W. John (2002):Ocean Circulation. Walton-Hall England
    Fei, Y. (2002):Seasonal and interannual variation of Mindanao current and kuroshio Journal of Geosciences of China. vol 4 No.2 30-36
    Gregory, C. J., Bernadette M. Sloyan , William S. Kessler,
    Kristene E. and McTaggart(2002):Direct measurements of upper ocean currents and water properties across the tropical Pacific during the 1990s. Progress in Oceanography. 52, 31–61
    Hsin, Y.-C., C.-R. Wu, and P.-T. Shaw(2008):Spatial and temporal
    variations of the Kuroshio east of Taiwan, 1982–2005:A numerical s tudy, Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, C04002, doi:10.1029/
    2007JC004485.
    Kim, Y-Y, T. Qu, T. Jensen, T. Miyama, H. Mitsudera, H.-W. Kang, and A. Ishida (2004):Seasonal and interannual variations of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation in a high-resolution OGCM, Journal Of Geophysical Research, 109, C03040, doi:10.1029/2003JC002013.
    Kaneko, I., Y. Takatsuki and H. Kamiya (2001):Circulation of intermediate and deep waters in the Philippine Sea. Journal of Oceanography, 57, 397 – 420.
    Lukas, R., E. Firing, P. Hacker, P. L. Richardson, C. A. Collins, R. Fine,
    and R. Gammon (1991):Observations of the Mindanao Current during
    the Western Equatorial Ocean Circulation Study. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96, 7089– 7104.
    Mellor, G. L. (2003):Users guide for a three-dimensional, primitive
    equation, numerical ocean model (June 2003 version), 53., Prog. In Atmos. and Ocean. Sci, Princeton University.
    Nitani, H (1972) : Beginning of the Kuroshio, in kuroshio:Physical Aspects of the Japan Current edited by H Stommel and K. Yoshida,
    Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle, Wash, 129-163
    Qiu, B and T. Joyce (1992):Interannual variability in the mid- and low latitude western North Pacific. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 22, 1062-1079
    Qiu, B and R. Lukas (1996):Seasonal and interannual variability of the
    North Equatorial Current, the Mindanao Current, and the Kuroshio
    along the Pacific western boundary, Journal of Geophysical Research
    101, 12,315–12,330.
    Qu, T., H. Mitsudera, and T. Yamagata (1998):On the western boundary
    currents in the Philippine Sea, Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 7537– 7548.
    Qu, T., and R. Lukas (2003):The bifurcation of the North Equatorial
    Current in the Pacific, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33, 5– 18.
    Sverdrup, U. H., W. J. Johnson and R. H. Fleming (1942):The Oceans Their Physics,Chemistry,and General Biology. Prentice-Hall, New York, 1087pp.
    Toole, R. C. Millard, Z. Wang, and S. Pu (1990):Observations of the
    Pacific North Equatorial Current bifurcation at the Philippine
    coast. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 20, 307–318.
    Wang, F., P.Chang, D-x Hu and H. seidel (2002):Circulation in the western tropical pacific ocean and its seasonal variation, Chinese Science Bulletin 47(7), 591-595
    Wang, Q-Y and D-X Hu (2006):Bifurcation of the north equatorial current derived from altimetry in the pacific ocean, Journal of Hydrodynamies, 18(5), 620-626
    Wyrtki, K.(1961):Physical Oceanography of the Southeast Asian Waters. Scientific results of marine investigations of the South China Sea and Gulf of Thailand, 1959-1961. Naga report, 2-195
    Wyrtki, K.(1974):Sea level and the seasonal fluctuations of the equatorial current in the western Pacific Ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 4 , 91-101
    Yaremchuk, M. and T. Qu (2004):Seasonal Variability of the Large-Scale Currents near the Coast of the Philippines, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 34, 844-855

    下載圖示
    QR CODE