研究生: |
林偉文 |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
雙颱環境下台灣海峽中尺度線狀對流之個案研究 |
指導教授: | 簡芳菁 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
地球科學系 Department of Earth Sciences |
論文出版年: | 2010 |
畢業學年度: | 98 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 87 |
中文關鍵詞: | 中尺度線狀對流 、颱風 、中尺度高壓 、鞍形場 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:130 下載:5 |
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2006年8月9日桑美、寶發颱風之環流輻合區位於台灣上空,東吉島南方出現橫跨台灣海峽且生命期長達18小時的中尺度強線狀對流(Mesoscale Convective Line,以下簡稱MCL)。根據雷達觀測可將其生命期之0~5 h定義為「發展期」,為寶發留下之微弱雨帶在原地發展;第5~8 h定義為「成熟滯留期」,特徵為大於50 dBZ之回波近似滯留,且其西側向西南方彎曲,內部的對流胞由東側發展向西側傳送。第8-15 h為「成熟移動期」,此期MCL往北移動約80 km,且回波之中段垂直結構隨高度向南傾斜,強度仍維持在50 dBZ以上。第15-18 h為「消散期」,在MCL南北兩側出現張裂分離且回波迅速減弱。
WRF模擬顯示,在MCL生成之前,雙颱之外圍環流越過中央山脈後,因絕熱增溫作用,於背風側產生南北兩個中尺度低壓。同時,桑美外圍風場在台灣海峽北部受到地形管道效應影響,低層產生東北風噴流,而寶發外圍氣流在中央山脈南部附近出現繞山作用,在高屏近海產生低層東南風噴流,兩者造成風速風切,導致台灣西部近海處北側、南側分別生成一個氣旋式、反氣旋式渦漩,且與兩中尺度低壓疊合,使台灣海峽呈現鞍形氣流場分佈。模擬顯示MCL對流胞激發位置是兩渦漩之南北風輻合處,且較強的偏北風遇到較冷偏南風被迫抬起產生上衝流。此外,兩颱風為MCL持續提供一南一北對流不穩定與高可用位能之環境。成熟移動期因北風向中層延伸,隨高度向南傾斜之MCL的南側低層出現伴隨冷池的中尺度高壓,此與MCL往北移動有密切相關,亦使MCL由PS型轉為TS型。當動力、熱力作用明顯減弱時,MCL進入消散期。
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