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| 研究生： |
黃雪芳 |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
不同視力值視障生步行距離、步行速率與偏離方向之影響 |
| 指導教授： | 林曼蕙 |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
體育學系 Department of Physical Education |
| 論文出版年： | 2003 |
| 畢業學年度： | 91 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 61 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 不同視力值 、視障生 、步行速率 、步行距離 、偏離方向 |
| 英文關鍵詞： | different visual ability, visual disability students, walking distance, walking speed, deviation |
| 論文種類： | 學術論文 |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：186 下載：7 |
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本研究之主要目的在探討有無定位音源與有無眼罩引導步行對不同視力值視障生步行距離、步行速率和偏離方向之差異。
本研究共召募63名志願參與實驗之高中職視障生（年齡為17.79歲±1.55；身高為165.66公分±11.22；體重為64.50公斤±19.63），依其視力值分為全盲無光覺組（B1）、全盲有光覺組（B2）、指數組（B3）、弱視組（B4）等四組。受試者分別利用有無定位音源與有無眼罩引導步行，以探討對其步行距離、步行速率與偏離方向之影響。所得資料以獨立樣本單因子變異數分析和無母數統計分析，比較四組間之差異情形，其次以單因子重複量數分析，比較不同狀況對不同視力值視障生之影響，並以費雪爾氏LSD法做事後比較。
結果發現：1.在無眼罩無音源（狀況一）的狀況下四組之步行距離有顯著差異，但其步行速率與偏離方向卻未達顯著差異。比較發現B3與B4兩組其步行距離皆顯著較B1與B2來的遠。2.在無眼罩有音源（狀況二）的狀況下，B3與B4組之步行距離皆顯著較B1與B2組來的遠，同時B3與B4兩組之受試者其步行速率皆顯著較B1組來的快，但偏離方向間卻無顯著差異。3.在有眼罩無音源（狀況三）、有眼罩有音源（狀況四）的狀況下，四組間都沒有顯著差異。4. B1與B2組在不同狀況下，其步行距離、步行速率或偏離方向皆無顯著差異。5.B3、 B4組在狀況三與狀況四時其步行距離與速率皆顯著地較狀況一與狀況二時來的遠與快，但偏離方向則無顯著差異。由以上可得到以下結論：戴上眼罩後B3、B4組步行距離與步行速率明顯受到影響，而此現象可能由於其心理恐懼所造成；至於B1與B2組之受試者則沒有顯著差別，可能是已適應無視覺環境所致。因此，不同視力值視障生皆應接受定向行動訓練以加強環境適應。
Purpose：The major purpose of this study was to compare the effects of walking speed, walking distance and deviation on different visually disabled students whether they were tested by fixed sound and eyeshade or not. Method：There were 63 volunteers of senior high school students with visual disabilities who participated in this experiment (Age=17.79+1.55 years, High=165.5+11.22 cm, Weight=64.50+19.63 Kg). They were divided into four groups by their visual ability：No Light Perception ; N.L.P (B1), Light perception ; L.P (B2), Counting Fingers ; C.F (B3), Amblyopia (B4). Each of participants was tested by fixed sound and eyeshade or not to find out the effects of walking speed, walking distance and deviation. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and repeated one-way ANOVA.
Results：The results were indicated as following:
1. No eyeshade or sound (condition 1), during these four groups, there was significant difference in walking distance but no significant difference in walking speed and deviation. And also find group B3 and B4 were much further than group B1 and B2 in walking distance.
2. No eyeshade but had sound (condition 2), group B3 and B4 were much further than B1 and B2 in walking distance; the participants of group B3 and B4 were much faster than group B1 in walking speed but in deviation there was no significant difference.
3. With eyeshade but no sound (condition 3), with eyeshade and sound (condition 4), no significant difference among these four groups.
4. There was no significant difference in walking distance, walking speed and deviation when group B1 and B2 were in different conditions.
5. Group B3 and B4 in condition 3 and 4 were much further and faster than in condition 1and 2 in walking distance and walking speed, but no significant difference in deviation.
Conclusions：After the participants wore the eyeshade, there were obvious effects on walking distance and walking speed in group B3 and B4. These effects could be a result of their fear. Otherwise there was no difference between B1 and B2, because the participants had already adapted to the non-visual environment. So different visual disability students must accept the located motor training to enhance their environmental adaption.