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研究生: 呂瑀棻
論文名稱: 莫札特小提琴與鋼琴奏鳴曲創作風格演變的研究
指導教授: 陳漢金
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 音樂學系
Department of Music
論文出版年: 2013
畢業學年度: 101
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 274
中文關鍵詞: 莫札特小提琴奏鳴曲小提琴與鋼琴奏鳴曲奏鳴曲式
英文關鍵詞: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, violin sonata, sonata for violin and keyboard, sonata form
論文種類: 學術論文
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  • 在莫札特(Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1756-1791)約30年的作曲生涯中,小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲的寫作從1762年到1788年,長達26年的時間,橫跨他各個創作階段。莫札特年少時,結識了修貝特(Johann Schobert, ca. 1720-1767)與約翰‧克利斯倩‧巴赫(Johann Christian Bach, 1735-1782)等作曲家,因而著手創作多達32首的作品。奏鳴曲樂章的結構、奏鳴曲式的演變,以及作曲手法的改變,展現出莫札特在不同時期所受到的影響,成為研究莫札特創作特色轉變的一套完整作品。
    正值鋼琴取代大鍵琴,逐漸成為最主要的鍵盤樂器之際,小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲的型態也隨之出現變化。原先以小提琴伴奏鍵盤樂器的模式,由於鋼琴音色與音量的獨立性,使得小提琴逐漸脫離伴奏的腳色。莫札特的這些作品,呈現出從兩種樂器之間關係的改變。
    他們不僅是研究莫札特奏鳴曲發展的一套完整作品,同時展現出奏鳴曲式初期到創作手法成熟的架構。鍵盤樂器與小提琴地位從主屬關係,轉變為平等地位,因此也是研究小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲在此時期演變過程的重要作品,並為此樂種在往後的發展,立下了創作的典範。本論文針對莫札特26首作品的曲式架構,以及小提琴與鍵盤樂器之間的關係,探討早期到成熟時期創作風格如何演變。

    The career of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) been a composer about 30 years. He had been written the sonata for violin and piano from 1762-1788, across every phrase his life. The source of inspiration is the experience of European countries in tourism, In Paris, Mannheim, London, Hague and other places, he met Johann Schobert (ca. 1720-1767) and Johann Christian Bach (1735-1782), and composed the 32 sonatas. These sonatas show the influence of Mozart, which at different times, include the structure of sonata, the progress of sonata form, the creative Technique. They become an important works to research how Mozart transform his characteristic.
    At that time, piano replace harpsichord, and turn into the most important keyboard, the sonata for violin and keyboard also had some change at the same time. Since the independence of the piano tone and volume, make the violin change the role of accompaniment. Mozart’s works display the relationship of the two instruments.
    They are not only the development of a complete set of Mozart sonatas works, but show the creative techniques of architecture from early to mature. Keyboards and violin position from subordination transform to the equal status. Therefore they are important works to study the evolution of violin and keyboard sonatas during this period, and set a model for the creation of the development of musical genres. This thesis focuses on 26 works of Mozart musical form, and the relationship between violin and keyboard, explore how the evolution of creative style during the early to mature in these works.

    前言....................................................1 第一章 鍵盤樂器在古典時期的興起..............................5 第一節 社會背景.........................................5 第二節 十八世紀的風格演變................................18 第三節 十八世紀的鍵盤樂器與小提琴的製作和改良................31 第四節 十八世紀的小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲.....................44 第二章 莫札特的生平及小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲的創作背景...........56 第一節 童年時期(1756-1773).............................56 第二節 轉變時期(1773-1781).............................70 第三節 成熟時期(1781-1791).............................86 第三章 莫札特小提琴與鍵盤樂器奏鳴曲整體架構分析...............100 第一節 早期創作.......................................100 第二節 轉變時期創作....................................115 第三節 成熟時期創作....................................132 第四章 鍵盤樂器的特徵....................................147 第一節 和聲分析.......................................147 第二節 主題發展.......................................158 第三節 受大鍵琴與鋼琴影響的創作手法......................171 第四節 演奏技巧.......................................181 第五章 小提琴部分的特色..................................191 第一節 填充音色的效果..................................191 第二節 補充和聲.......................................199 第三節 主題發展.......................................208 第四節 演奏技巧.......................................220 第六章 小提琴與鍵盤樂器之間的互動關係.......................231 第一節 「可省略」的小提琴伴奏............................231 第二節 「不可省略」的小提琴伴奏..........................239 第三節 小提琴與鍵盤樂器對等性的提升.......................252 結論..................................................263 參考書目...............................................271

    一、中文書籍
    李哲洋。《莫札特》。台北:全音,1980。
    佩姬•伍德福特(Peggy Woodford)。《偉大作曲家羣像:莫札特》。程秋堯 譯。台北:智庫股份有限公司,1995。
    孫巧玲。《莫札特小提琴與鍵盤奏鳴曲:K.340/378/454及輪旋曲K.250作品分析與演奏詮釋》。台北:全音樂譜出版社,1997。
    陸盛。《西洋近古史》。台北:五南出版社,1990。

    二、外文書籍
    Baron, John Herschel. Intimate Music a History of the Idea of Chamber Music. Stuyvesant: Pendragon, 1998.
    Boyden, David D. The History of Violin Playing from its Origins to 1761: and its Relationship to the Violin and Violin Music. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
    Cobbett, Walter Willson Cobbett's cyclopedic survey of chamber music. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
    Cochrane, Lydia G. trans., Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : a biography. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2007.
    Craig Wright & Bryan Simms. Music in Western Civilization. CA: Thomson/Schirmer, 2006.
    Downs, Philip G. Music in the Classic Period. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000.
    ______. Philip. Classical Music. New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1992.
    Einstein, Alfred. Mozart His Character, His Work. New York: Oxford University Press, 1945.
    Ferguson, Donald N. Image and Structure in Chamber Music. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1964.
    Gillespie, John Five Centuries of Keyboard Music. New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1972.
    Gordon, Stewart. A History of Keyboard Literature. New York: Schirmer Books, 1996.
    Harlow, Martin. Mozart’s Chamber Music with Keyboard. New York: Cambreide University Press, 2012.
    Heartz, Daniel. Haydn, Mozart and the Viennese School: 1740-1780. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1995.
    Irving, John. Mozart’s Piano Sonatas: Contexts, Sources, Style. Cambridge University: New York, 1997.
    King, Alec Hyatt. Mozart: a Biogrophy, with a Survey of Books, (London: Editions & Recordings, 1970.
    Kirby, F. E. Music for Piano: A Short History. Oregon: Amadeus Press, 1995.
    Küster, Konrad. Mozart: a Musical Biography. New York: Oxford, 1990.
    Landon, H. C. Robbins Mozart and Vienna. London: Butler and Tanner, 1991.
    Newman, William S. The Sonata in the Classic Era. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1983.
    Pauly, Reinhard G. Music in the Classic Period. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc, 2000.
    Pestelli, Giorgio. The Age of Mozart and Beethoven. New York: Combridge, 1993.
    Ratner, Leonard G. Classic Music: Expression, Form, and Style. London: Schirmer Books, 1980
    Rosen, Charles. The Classical Style:Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1998.
    Rowland, David. The Cambridge Companion to the Piano. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
    Rushton, Julian. Classical Music A Concise History from Gluck to Beethoven. London: Thames and Hudson, 1986.
    ________. Julian. Mozart. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
    Sadie, Stanley & Alison Latham. The Cambridge Music Guide. New York: Cambridge, 1985.
    ________. Stanley. The New Grove Mozart. London: Mcmillen Publishers, 1980.
    Stolba, K Marie. The Development of Western Music. U.S.A: Brown& Benchmark, 1994.
    Stowell, Robin. The Cambridge Companion to the Violi., New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
    ________. Robin. Violin Technique and Performance Practice in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
    Till, Nicholas. Mozart and the enlightenment: truth, virtue and beauty in Mozart’s operas. New York: W. W. Nortin& Company1995.
    Tranchefort, François-René, Guide de la musique de chamber.Paris: Fayard, 1989.
    Türk, D. G. School of Clavier Playing(1789), trans. and ed. by Raymond H. Haggh. London: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.
    Turner, W. J. Mozart. The Man and his Works. London: University Paperbacks, 1965.
    Zaslaw, Neal. The Classical Music: From 1740s to the end of the 18th century. NJ: Prentice Hall, 1989.
    Zaslaw, Neal with William Cowdery, ed., The Complete Mozart: A Guide to the Musical Works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. New York: Norton, 1990.

    三、學術論文
    吳欣怡。〈從貝多芬《大提琴奏鳴曲作品102》中探討大提琴地位之提升〉。國立中山大學碩士論文,2002。
    陳郁涵。〈古典時期協奏曲第一樂章曲式研究〉。國立中央大學碩士論文,2008。

    四、期刊
    Komlós, Katalin “ The Viennese Keyboard Trio in the 1780s: Sociological Background and Contemporary Reception.” Music and Letters, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jul. 1787), pp. 222-234.
    Mouder, Richard “Mozart’s Keyboard Instruments. ” Early Music, Vol. 20, No. 2(May 1992), pp. 207-219.
    William S. Newman, “Concerning the Accompanied Clavier Sonata.” The Musical Quarterly, Vol. 33, No.3 (Jul 1947), pp. 327-349.

    五、網路資料
    Eisen, Cliff. And Sadie, Stanley. “Mozart: (3) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart” in Grove Music Online, www.grovemusico.com. Accessed 2010/6/30.
    Nicolas Meeùs. “Keyboard” in Grove Music Online, www.grovemusico.com. Accessed 2010/9/24.
    Boyden, David D. and Wallsin, Peter. “Violin” in Grove Music Online, www.grovemusico.com. Accessed 2010/9/30
    Fallows, David. “Piano” in Grove Music Online, www.grovemusico.com. Accessed 2011/5/23.
    Turrentine, Herbert C. “Schobert” in Grove Music Online, www.grovemusico.com. Accessed 2011/2/10.

    六、樂譜
    Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. Neue Mozart-Ausgabe, Serie VIII Kammermusik, Werkgruppe 23: Sonaten und Variationen Für Lavier und Violine Band 1. Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1964.
    Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. Neue Mozart-Ausgabe, Serie VIII Kammermusik, Werkgruppe 23: Sonaten und Variationen Für Lavier und Violine Band 2. Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1965.

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