研究生: |
黃致賢 HUANG, Chih-Hsien |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與認知功能及身心適應之相關性研究 Relationship between Screen time, Media Multitasking, Cognitive Control and Psychological Health |
指導教授: |
郭郡羽
Kuo, Chun-Yu |
口試委員: |
張仁和
Chang, Jen-Ho 陳品豪 Chen, Pin-Hao 郭郡羽 Kuo, Chun-Yu |
口試日期: | 2024/01/17 |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
社會教育學系 Department of Adult and Continuing Education |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 131 |
中文關鍵詞: | 數位裝置使用時間 、媒體多工 、認知功能 、身心適應 |
英文關鍵詞: | Screen time, Media multitasking, Cognitive Control, Psychological Health |
研究方法: | 實驗設計法 |
DOI URL: | http://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202400223 |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:210 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究旨在探討數位裝置使用時間及媒體多工與認知功能、身心適應指標之間的關聯性。共招募177位高中及大學階段者參與本研究,參與者以電腦化測驗評估其工作記憶、注意力、轉換能力與抑制能力,並以自陳量表評估媒體多工狀況、衝動傾向、正念傾向、憂鬱傾向與生活滿意度。結果發現參與者平均每週數位裝置使用時間為58.68小時、平均媒體多工指數為2.69。數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與認知功能之間存在著不同的關係:數位裝置使用時間與工作記憶作業表現正相關、在轉換虧損上呈U型曲線關係、與主動抑制情境中的反應時間成負相關;媒體多工則與工作記憶作業表現呈倒U型曲線關係、與過濾干擾訊息的能力呈現正相關、與抑制能力正相關。在自陳量表的部分,數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與注意力衝動正相關、與正念傾向負相關,其中高媒體多工者有較高的憂鬱傾向。上述結果與過去文獻的比較與討論亦在本文中呈現。
This study aims to investigate the relationships between digital device usage, media multitasking, and cognitive functions as well as indicators of well-being. A total of 177 high school and university students were recruited for participation. Participants underwent computerized assessments to evaluate their working memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control. Additionally, self-report scales were used to assess media multitasking, impulsivity, mindfulness, depression, and life satisfaction. The results revealed that participants had an average weekly digital device usage of 58.68 hours and an average media multitasking index of 2.69. Distinct relationships were observed between digital device usage, media multitasking, and cognitive functions. Digital device usage showed a positive correlation with working memory task performance, a U-shaped relationship with cognitive flexibility deficits, and a negative correlation with reaction time in proactive inhibition situations. Media multitasking exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with working memory task performance, a positive correlation with the ability to filter out interference, and a positive correlation with inhibitory control. On the self-report scales, digital device usage and media multitasking were positively correlated with attentional impulsivity and negatively correlated with mindfulness orientation. High levels of media multitasking were associated with a higher tendency toward depression. The present study presents a comparison and discussion of these findings in relation to existing literature.
孫繼光、陳俐蓉、古博文(2021):〈青少年靜態行為與身體健康之文獻回顧〉。《中華體育季刊》。35,271-282。 https://doi.org/10.6223/qcpe.202112_35(4).0007
財團法人台灣網路資訊中心(2020):《2020台灣網路報告》。財團法人太北市公民教育基金會,102JCS01。https://report.twnic.tw/2020/
域動行銷股份有限公司(2014):《2014年Q4 暨年終臺灣網路、行動調查數據報告》。
張卿卿(2013):《台灣傳播調查資料庫第一期第一次調查計畫執行報告》。台北:國立政治大學傳播學院。
翁菁甫、林坤霈、詹鼎正(2014):老人憂鬱與認知功能障礙。國立台灣大學醫學院附設醫院。《內科學誌》。25,158-164。https://doi.org/10.6314/JIMT.2014.25(3).05
李至和(2016):《尼爾森調查:多螢生活或新常態》。尼爾森公司。
陳憶寧(2016):媒體多工的是與非:從幸福感、社會資本、同儕接受度與社會成功來看。《傳播社會學刊》。37,57-96。https://doi.org/10.30180/CS.201607_(37).004
張仁和、林以正、黃金蘭(2011):〈中文版「止觀覺察注意量表」之信效度分析〉。《測驗學刊專刊─正向心理特質的測量》,58,235-260。https://doi.org/10.7108/PT.201104.0090
吳慕皿(2021):《台灣1976名成人早期螢幕使用時間發展軌跡:青少年期社會資本的影響》(未出版碩士論文)國立台灣大學。
兒童福利聯盟(2021):〈2021台灣兒少網路社交焦慮與網路霸凌經驗調查報告〉。https://www.children.org.tw/publication_research/research_report/2267
楊中芳(1997):《性格與社會心理測量總覽(上)》。台北:遠流出版
陳佳欣(2023):《青少年數位裝置使用時間、媒體多工與認知功能之相關研究》(未出版碩士論文)國立臺灣師範大學。
Aadland, N. K., Moe, F. V., Aadland, E., Anderssen, S. A., Resaland, G. K., & Ommundsen, Y. (2017). Relationship between physical activity, sedentary time, aerobic fitness, motor skills and executive function and academic performance in children. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 12, 10–18.https://doi.org/0.1016/j.mhpa.2017.0.001
Adelantado-Renau, M., Moliner-Urdiales, D., Cavero-Redondo, I., Beltran-Valls, M. R., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., & Álvarez-Bueno, C. (2019). Association between screen media use and academic performance among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(11), 1058–1067.https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3176
Alzahabi, R., & Becker, M. W. (2013). The association between media multitasking, task- switching, and dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39(5), 1485–1495.https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031208
Alzahabi, R., Becker, M. W., & Hambrick, D. Z. (2017). Investigating the relationship between media multitasking and processes involved in task-switching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 43(11), 1872–1894.http://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000412.
Anderson, P., & Reidy, N. (2012). Assessing executive function in preschoolers. Neuropsychology Review, 22, 345–360. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-012-9220-3
Aronen, E. T., Vuontela, V. V., Steenari, M. R., Salmi, J., & Carlson, S. (2005). Working memory, psychiatric symptoms, and academic performance at school. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 83(1), 33–42. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2004.06.010
Baron, N. S. (2005). Adjusting the volume: In-place and mobile dimensions of discourse control through technologies. In J. E. Kate.(Ed.), Handbook of Mobile Communication Studies. (pp.177–193). Boston Review. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262113120.003.0014
Baumgartner, S. E., van der Schuur, W. A., Lemmens, J. S., & te Poel, F. (2017). The relationship between media multitasking and attention problems in adolescents: Results of two longitudinal studies. Human Communication Research, 44(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12111
Baumgartner, S. E., van der Schuur, W.A., Lemmens, J. S., & te Poel, F. (2014). The Relationship Between Media Multitasking and Attention Problems in Adolescents: Results of Two Longitudinal Studies. Human Communication Research, 44(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1093/hcre.12111
Baumgartner, S. E., Weeda, W. D., van der Heijden, L. L., & Huizinga, M. (2014). The relationship between media multitasking and executive function in early adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 34(8), 1120–1144. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431614523133
Becker, M. W., Alzahabi, R., & Hopwood, J. C. (2013). Media multitasking is associated with symptoms of depression and social anxiety. Cyberpsychology Behavior Social Networking, 16(2), 132–135. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0291
Bridger, R. S., Johsen, S. A. K., & Brasher, K. (2013). Psychometric properties of the cogntive failures questionnaire. Ergonomics, 56, 1515–1524. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.821172
Brown, K. M. (2014). How are screens use? https://www.millwardbrown.com/ adreaction. Sildeshare. https://www.slideshare.net/MillwardBrown/millward-brown-adreaction2014global-32403017
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-2514.84.4.822
Cain, M. S., Leonard, J. A., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Finn, A. S. (2016). Media multitasking in adolescence. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(6), 1932–1941. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1036-3
Cardoso-Leite, P., Kludt, R., Vignola, G., Ma, W. J., Green, C. S., & Bavelier, D. (2016). Technology consumption and cognitive control: Contrasting action video game experience with media multitasking. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 78(1), 218–241. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0988-0
Cardoso-Leite. P., Buchard. A., Tissieres. I., Mussack. D., & Bavelier. D. (2021). Media use, attention, mental health and academic performance among 8 to 12 year old children, PloS One, 16(11), e0259163. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259163
Carriere, J. S., Seli, P., & Smilek, D. (2013). Wandering in both mind and body: individual differences in mind wandering and inattention predict fidgeting. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031438
Carrierem J, S., Cheyne, J. A., & Smilek, D. (2008). Everyday attention lapses and memory failures: the affective consequences of mindlessness. Consciousness and Cognitive, 17, 835–847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.04.008.
Case, R., Kurland, D. M., & Goldberg, J. (1982). Operational efficiency and the growth of short-term memory span. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. 33(3), 386–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(82)90054-6
Chan, P. A. & Rabinowitz, T. (2006). A cross-sectional analysis of video games and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adolescents. Annals of General Psychiatry, 16(5), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-859X-5-16
Chao, H.-F. (2010). Top-down attentional control for distractor locations: The benefit of precuing distractor locations on target localization and discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 36(2), 303–316. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015790
Chen, Y.-Y. (2021). Increasing screen exposure time harms inhibitory-control network in developing children: A two years follow-up of the ABCD study [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Virginal Tech University. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/107621
Chi, J., Li, L., & Dong. C. (2022). The associations between specific-type sedentary behavior and cognitive flexiblity in adolescents. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,16, 910624. https://doi.org/10.3389/fuhum.2022.910624
Chiesa, A., Calati, R., & Serretti, A. (2011). Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A review of neuropsychological findings. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(3), 449–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.11.003
Chisea, A., & Serreti, A. (2009). Mindfulness-based reduction for stress management in healthy people: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 15(5), 593–600. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2008.0495
Clark, J. M. (1996). Contributions of inhibitory mechanisms to unified theory in neuroscience and psychology. Brain and Cognition, 30,127–152. https://doi.org/10.1006/BRCG.1996.0008
Conway, A. R. A, Kane, M. J., Bunting, M. F., Hambrick, D. Z., Wilhelm, O. & Engle, R. (2005). Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user’s guide. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 12, 786–796. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196772
Coull, J. T. (1998). Neural correlates of attention and arousal: insights from electrophysiology, functional neuroimaging and psychopharmacology. Progress in Neurobiology, 55(4), 343–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00011-2
Cowan, N. (1988). Evolving conceptions of memory storage, selective attention, and their mutual constrains within the human information processing system. Psychological Bulletin, 104(2), 163–191. https://10.1037/0033-2909.104.2.163
Dalrymple-Alford, E. C., & Budayer, B. (1966). Examination of some aspects of the stroop color-word test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 23(3), 1211–1214. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1966.23.3f.1211
Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. A. (2002). Anxiety-related attentional biases and their regulation by attentional control. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 225–236. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.111.2.225
Diamond, A. (2013). Executive Functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.
Drummond, A., & Sauer, J. D. (2014). Video-game do not impact adolescent academic performance in science, mathematics or reading. PloS One, 9(4), e87943. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087943
Edwards, K. S., & Shin, M. (2017). Media multitasking and implicit learning. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(5), 1535–1549. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1319-4
Elbe, P., Sorman, D. E., Mellqvist, E., Brandstrom, J., & Ljungberg, J. K. (2019). Predicting attention shifting abilities from self-reported media multitasking. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 26(4), 1257–1265. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-01566-6
Engelberg, E. & Sjöberg, L. (2004). Internet use, social skills, and adjustment. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 7(1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493104322820101
Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Zeynep Enkavi, A., Li, J., MacKinnon, D. P., Marsch, L. A., & Poldrack, R. A. (2019). Uncovering the structure of self-regulation through data-driven ontology discovery. Nature communications, 10(1), 2319. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10301-1
Eurobarometer, S. (2012). Media use in the European Union. TNS Opinion and Social, Survey coordinated by the European Commission, Directorate-General Communication, Tech. Rep.
Ferguson, C. J. (2011). The influence of television and video game use on attention and school problem: A multivariate analysis with other risk factors controlled. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 45(6), 808–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.11.010
Friedman, N. P., & Banich, M. T. (2019). Questionnaires and task-based measures assess different aspects of self-regulation: Both are needed. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, 24396–24397. https://doi.org/10.1162/089892902317361886
Friedman, N. P., & Miyake, A. (2004). The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: A latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133, 101–135. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.133.1.101.
Gentile, D. A., Choo, H., Liau, A., Sim, T. Li, D., Fung, D., & Khoo, A. (2011). Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 127(2), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1353
Gibbs, B. B., Reis, J. P., Schelbert, E., Craft, L., Sidney, S., Lima J., & Lewis, C. (2015). Sedentary screen time and left ventricular structure and function: the CARDIA study. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(2), 276–283. https://doi.org./10.1249/MSS.0b013a
Gioia, G. A., Isquith, K. P., Kenworthy, L., & Barton, R. M. (2002). Profiles of everyday executive function in acquired and developmental disorders. Child Neuropsychology, 8(2), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1076/chin.8.2.121.8727
Godley, C. (2012). THR’s social media poll: how facebook and twitter impact the entertainment industry. Hollywood reporter magazine. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/gallery/facebook-twitter-social-media-study-302273/2-hours-spent-each-week-doing-online-activities/
Gorman, T. E., & Green, C. S. (2016). Short-term mindfulness intervention reduces the negative attentional effects associated with heavy media multitasking. Scientific Reports, 6, 24542. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep24542
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationship, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
Grossman, P., Niemann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00573-7
Guo, S. (2014). Insulin signaling, resistance, and the metabolic syndrome: insights from mouse models into disease mechanisms. The Journal of Endocrinology, 220(2), T1–T23. https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-13-0327
Hadlington, L., & Murphy, K. (2018). Is media multitasking good for cybersecurity? exploring the relationship between media multitasking and everyday cognitive failures on self-reported risky cybersecurity behaviors. Cybersecurity, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21(3), 168–172. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.0524
Hallgren, M., Dunstan, D. W., & Qwen, N. (2020). Passive versus mentally active sedentary behaviors and depression. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 48(1), 20–27. http://doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000211
Hamer, M., & Stamatakis, E. (2014). Prospective study of sedentary behavior, risk of depression, and cognitive impairment. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(4), 718-723. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000156
Harvey, S. B., Øverland, S. L., Hatch, S., Wessely, S., Mykletun, A., & Hotop, M. (2017). Exercise and the prevention of depression: results of the HUNT cohort study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(1), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.16111223
Hasher, L., Lustig, C., & Zacks, R. (2007). Inhibitory mechanisms and the control of attention. In A. R. A. Conway, C. Jarrold, M. J. Kane (Eds.) & A. Miyake & J. N. Towse (Ed.), Variation in working memory (pp. 227-249). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof;oso/9780195168648.003.0009
Hee, J. Y., Soo, C. C., Ha, J, Yune, S. K., Kim, S. J., Hwang, J., Chung, A., Sung, Y. H., & Lyoo, K. I. (2004). Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 58(5), 487–494. https://doi/org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2004.01290.x
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(2), 169–183.
Hong, S. B., Kim, J. W., Choi, E. J., Kim, H. H., Sub, J. E., Kim, C. D., Klauser, P., Whittle, S., Yucel, M., Pantelis, C. & Yi, S. H. (2013). Reduced orbitofrontal cortical thickness in male adolescents with internet addiction. Behavioral and Brain Function, 9, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-9081-9-11
Hu, B. Y., Johnson, G. K., Teo, T., & Wu, Z. (2019). Relationship between screen time Chinese children’ s cognitive and social development. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 34(2), 183–207. http://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2019.1702600
Huber, B., Yeates, M., Meyer, D., Fleckhammer, L., & Kaufman, J. (2018). The effects of screen media content on young children’s executive functioning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 170, 72–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2018.01.006
Johnston, W. A., & Dark, V. J. (1986). Selective attention. Annual review of psychology, 37(1), 43–75. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.37.020186.000355
Kenyon, S., & Lyons, G. (2007). Introducing multitasking to the study of travel and ICT: Examining its extent and assessing its potential importance. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 41(2), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRA.2006.02.004
Kesse-Guyot, E., Charreire, H., Andreeva, V. A., Touvier, M., Hercberg, S., Galan. P., & Oppert, J.-M. (2012). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of different sedentary behaviors with cognitive performance in older adults. PloS One, 7(10), e47831. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047831
Kleppang, A. L., Thurston, M., Hartz, I., & Hagquist, C. (2017). Psychological distress among Norwegian adolescents: Changes between 2001 and 2009 and associations with leisure time physical activity and screen-based sedentary behaviour. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 47(2),166–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817716374
Landhuis, C. E., Poulton, R., Welch, D., & Hancox, R. J. (2007). Does childhood television viewing lead to attention problems in adolescence? Results from a prospective longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 120(3), 532–537. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0978
le Roux, D. B., & Parry, D. A. (2017). A new generation of students: Digital media in academic contexts., In Annual Conference of the Southern African Computer Lecturers' Association (pp. 19–36). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69670-6_2
le Roux, D. B., & Parry, D. A. (2019). Investigating differences in the attention distribution strategies of high and low media multitaskers through a two-dimensional game. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 13(3), 2. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2019-3-2
Lin, C. J.,DeRoo, L. A., Jacobs, S. R., & Sandler, D. P. (2012). Accuracy and reliability of self-reported weight and height in the Sister Study. Public Health Nutrition, 15(6), 989–999. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980011003193
Lingineni, R. K., Biswas, S., Ahmad, N., Jackson, E. B., Bae, S., & Singh, K. P. (2012). Factors associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among US children: Results from a national survey. BioMed Central pediatrics, 12(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-12-50
Logerstedt, D., Di Stasi, S., Grindem, H., Lynch, A., Eitzen, I., Engebretsen, L., …& Snyder-Mackler, L. (2014). Self-reported knee function can identify athletes who fail return-to-activity criteria up to 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a delaware-oslo ACL cohort study. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 44, 914–923. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2014.4852
Lopeinzi, P. (2019). The effects of sedentary behavior on memory and markers of memory function: a systematic review. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 47(4), 387–394. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2019.1607603
López-Vicente, M., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Torrent-Pallicer, M., Forns, J., JesúsIbarluzea, Lertxundi. N., González. L., Valera-Gran. D., Torrent. M., Dadvand, P., Vrijheid, M., & Sunyer, J. (2017). Are early physical activity and sedentary behaviors related to working memory at 7 and 14 years of age? The Journal of Pediatrics, 188(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2017.05.079
Lui, K. F. H., & Wong, A. C. N. (2012). Does media multitasking always hurt? A positive correlation between multitasking and multisensory integration. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 19(4), 647–653. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-012-0245-7
Maasakkers, C. M., Claassen, J. A., Gardiner, P. A., Olde Rikkert, M. G., Lipnicki, D. M., Scarmeas, N., ... & Melis, R. J. (2020). The association of sedentary behaviour and cognitive function in people without dementia: A coordinated analysis across five cohort studies from COSMIC. Sports Medicine. 50(2), 403–413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01186-7
Madigan, S., Browne, D., Racine, N., Mori, C., & Tough, S. (2019). Association between screen time and children’s performance on a developmental screening test. Journal American Medical Association Pediatrics, 173(3), 244–250. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5056
Magen, H. (2017). The relations between executive functions, media multitasking and polychronicity. Computers in Human Behavior, 67, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.011
McHarg, G., Ribner, A. D., Devine, T. R., & Hughes, C. & NewFAMS Study Team. (2020). Infant screen exposure links to toddler’s inhibition, but not other EF constructs: A propensity score study. Infant, 25(2), 205–222. http://doi.org/10.1111/infa.12325
McHarg, G., Ribner, A. D., Devine, T. R., & Hughes, C. (2020). Screen time and executive function in toddlerhood: a longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 570392. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570392
Melara, R. D. (2004). The cognitive neuroscience of attention. In A. Johnson and R. Proctor (Eds). Attention: Theory and practice, (pp. 144-149). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003048916
Minear, M., Brasher, F., McCurdy, M., Lewis, J., & Younggren, A. (2013). Working memory, fluid intelligence, and impulsiveness in heavy media multitaskers. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1274–1281. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-013-0456-6
Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1), 49–100. https://doi.org/10.1006/cogp.1999.0734
Moisala, M., Salmela, V., Hietajärvi, L., Salo, E., Carlson, S., Salonen, O., Lonka, K., Hakkarainen, K., Salmela-Aro, K., & Alho, K. (2016). Media multitasking is associated with distractibility and increased prefrontal activity in adolescents and young adults. NeuroImage, 134, 113–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.04.011
Morgan, C., & Cotton, R. S. (2004). The relationship between internet activities and depressive symptoms in a sample of college freshmen. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 6(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103321640329
Murphy, K., & Creux, O. (2021). Examining the association between media multitasking, and performance on working memory and inhibition tasks. Computers in Human Behavior, 114, 106532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106532
Murphy, K., McLauchlan, S., & Lee, M. (2017). Is there a link between media-multitasking and the executive functions of filtering and response inhibition? Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 667–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.001
Neill, W. T. (1977). Inhibitory and facilitatory processes in selective attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3(3), 444–450. http://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.3.3.444
Ophir, E., Nass, C., & Wagner, A. D. (2009). Cognitive control in media multitaskers. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, 106(37), 15583–15587. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903620106
Paap, K. R., Anders-Jefferson, R., Mikulinsky, R., Masuda, S., & Mason, L. (2019). On the encapsulation of bilingual language control. Journal of Memory and Language, 105, 76–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2018.12.001.
Parry, D. A., & le Roux, D. B. (2021). “Cognitive control in media multitaskers” ten years on: A meta-analysis. Cognitive control in media multitaskers” ten years on: A meta-analysis, Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 15(2), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2021-2-7
Pate, R. R., O’Neill, J. R., & Lobelo, F. (2008). The evolving definition of “sedentary”. Exercise and Sport Science Review, 36(4),173–178. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181877d1a
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the satisfaction with life scale. Psychological Assessment, 5(2), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
Pelegrina, S., Capodieci, A., Carretti, B., & Cornoldi, C. (2014). Magnitude representation and working memory updating in children with arithmetic and reading comprehension disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 48(6), 658–668. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219414527480
Pettigrew, C., & Martin, R. C. (2014). Cognitive declines in healthy aging: Evidence from multiple aspects of interference resolution. Psychology and Aging, 29, 187–204. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036085.
Pontifex, M. B., Raine, L. B., Johnson, C. R., Chaddock, L., Voss, M. W., Cohen, N. J., Kramer, A. F., & Hillman, C. H. (2011). Cardiorespiratory fitness and the flexible modulation of cognitive control in preadolescent children. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(6), 1332–1345. https://doi.org/10.1162/jcon.2010.21528
Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2007). Research on attention networks as a model for the integration of psychological science. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085516
Radloff, L. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385–401. http://doi.org/10.1177/014662167700100306
Ralph, B. C. W., & Smilek, D. (2017). Individual differences in media multitasking and performance on the N-back. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(2), 582–592. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-016-1260-y
Ralph, B. C. W., Seli, P., Wilson, K. E., & Smilek, D. (2018). Volitional media multitasking: Awareness of performance costs and modulation of media multitasking as a function of task demand. Psychological Research, 84(2), 404–423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-018-1056-x
Ralph, B. C. W., Thomson, D. R., Cheyne, J. A., & Smilek, D. (2014). Media multitasking and failures of attention in everyday life. Psychological Research, 78(5), 661–669. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-013-0523-7
Ralph, B. C. W., Thomson, D. R., Seli, P., Carriere, J. S. A., & Smilek, D. (2015). Media multitasking and behavioral measures of sustained attention. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 77(2), 390–401. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-014-0771-7
Re, A. M., Mirandola, C., Esposito, S. S., & Capodieci, A. (2014). Spelling errors among children with ADHD symptoms: The role of working memory. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(9), 2199–2204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.05.010
Redick, T. S., Shipstead, Z., Meier, M. E., Montroy, J. J., Hicks, K. L., Unsworth, N., & Engle, R. W. (2016). Cognitive predictors of a common multitasking ability: Contributions from working memory, attention control, and fluid intelligence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145,1473–1492. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000219
Richards, R., McGee, R., & Williams, S. M. (2010). Adolescent screen time and attachment to parents and peers. Archives Pediatrics Adolescent Medicine. 164(3), 258–262. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.280
Rideout, V., Foehr, U. G., & Roberts, D. F. (2010). Generation M2: Media in the lives of 8 to 18 years-old. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. http://www.kff.org/other/poll-finding/report-generation-m2-media-in-the-lives/
Rogobete, D. A., Ionescu, T., & Miclea, M. (2020). The relationship between media multitasking behavior and executive function in adolescence: A replication study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 41(5), 725–753. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431620950478
Rosen, L. D., Whaling, K., Rab, S., Carrier, L. M., & Cheever. N. A. (2013). Is Facebook creating “iDisorders” ? The link between clinical symptoms of psychiatric disorders and technology use, attitudes and anxiety. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 1243–1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.11.012
Rosen, L. D., Carrier, L. M., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Facebook and texting made me do it: Media-induced task-switching while studying. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 948–958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.001
Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Strayer, D. L., Medeiros-Ward, N., & Watson, J. M. (2013). Who multi-tasks and why? Multi-tasking ability, perceived multi-tasking ability, impulsivity, and sensation seeking, PloS One, 8(1), e54402. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054402
Sander, T., Parker, P. D., Pozo-Cruz, B. D., Noetel, M., & Lonsdale, C. (2019). Type of screen time moderates effects on outcomes in 4013 children: Evidence from the longitudinal study of Australian children. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0881-7
Schooler, J. W., Reichle, E. D., & Halpern, D. V. (2004). Zoning out while reading: Evidence for dissociations between experience and metaconsciousness. In D. T. Levin (ED), Thinking and seeing visual metacognition in adults and children (pp. 203–226). MIT Press. https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/zoning-out-while-reading-evidence-for-dissociations-between-exper
Seddon, A. L., Law, A. S., Adams, A. M., & Simmons, F. R. (2018). Exploring the relationship between executive functions and self-reported media-multitasking in young adults. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 30(7), 728–742. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2018.1525387
Seil, P., Risko, E. F., & Smilk, D. (2016). On the necessity of distinguishing between unintentional and intentional mind wandering. Psychological Science, 27(5), 685–691. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258734
Seli, P., Cheyne, J. A., & Smilek, D. (2013). Wandering minds and wavering rhythms; linking mind wandering and behavioral variability. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.058
Shiffrin, R. M., & Atkinson, R. C. (1969). Storage and retrieval processes in long-term memory. Psychological Review, 76(2), 179–193. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027277
Shin, M., & Kemps, E. (2020). Media multitasking as an avoidance coping strategy against emotionally negative stimuli. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 33(4), 440–451. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2020.1745194
Shin, M., Linke, A., & Kemps, E. (2020). Moderate amounts of media multitasking are associated with optimal task performance and minimal mind wandering. Computers in Human Behavior, 111, 106422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106422
Shin, M., Webb, A., & Kemps, E. (2019). Media multitasking, impulsivity and dual task ability. Computers in Human Behavior, 92, 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.11.018
Siqueira, C. C., Valiengo, L. L., Carvalho, A. F., Santos-Silva, P. R., Missio, G., de Sousa, R. T., ... & Machado-Vieira, R. (2016). Antidepressant efficacy of adjunctive aerobic activity and associated biomarkers in major depression: A 4-week, randomized, single blind, controlled clinical trial. PloS One, 11(5), e0154195. https://10.1371/journal.pone.0154195
Skues, J. L., Williams, B., & Wise, L. (2012). The effects of personality traits, self-esteem, loneliness, and narcissism on Facebook use among university student. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2414–2419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.012
Smallwood, J., Beach, E., Schooler, J. W., & Handy, T. C. (2008). Going AWOL in the brain: Mind wandering reduces cortical analysis of external events. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20(3), 458–469. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2008.20037
Snyder, H. R., Miyake, A., & Hankin, B. L. (2015). Advancing understanding of executive function impairments and psychopathology: Bridging the gap between clinical and cognitive approaches. Frontiers in Psychology, 26(6), 328. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00328
Song, Q., Song, J., Li, C., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Qi, L., Wang, Y., & Wang, H. (2019). Physical activity attenuates the association between the IRS1 genotype and childhood obesity in Chinese children. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 29(8), 793–801. https://10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.058
Srna, S., Schrift, R. Y., & Zauberman, G. (2018). The illusion of multitasking and its positive effect on performance. Psychological Science, 29(12), 1942–1955. https://10.1177/0956797618801013
Stahl, C., Voss, A., Schmitz, F., Nuszbaum, M., Tüscher, O., Lieb, K., & Klauer, K. C. (2014). Behavioral components of impulsivity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(2), 850–886. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033981
Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., McDermott, D. Schuch, F., & Smith, L. (2021). Changes in physcial activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: A systematic review. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, 7, e000960. https://10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960
Syväoja, H. J., Tammelin, T. H., Ahonen, T., Kankaanpää, A., & Kantomaa, M. T. (2014). The associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with cognitive function in school-aged children. PloS One, 9(7), e103559. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103559
Teychenne, M., Ball, K., & Salmon, J, (2010). Sedentary behavior and depression among adults: A review. International Journal of Behavior Medicine, 17(4), 246–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-101-0975-z
Thomée, S., Eklöf, M., Gustafsson, E., Nilsson, R., & Hagberg, M. (2007). Prevalence of perceived stress, symptoms of depression and sleep disturbances in relation to information and technology (ICT) use among young adults - an explorative prospective study. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1300–1321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.12.007
Tipper, S. P. (1985). The negative priming effect: inhibitory priming by ignored objects. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 37(4), 571–590. http://10.1080/14640748508400920
Treisman, A. M. (1960). Contextual cues in selective listening. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12(4), 242–248. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470216008416732
Tremblay, M. S., LeBlanc, A. G., Kho, M. E., Saunders, T. J., Larouche, R., Colly, R. C., Goldfied, G., & Gorber, S. C. (2011). Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8, 98. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-98
Turner, L. M., & Engle, R., W. (1989). Is working memory capacity task dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, 28(2), 127–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-496X(89)900440-5
Uncapher, M. R., & Wagner, A. D. (2018). Minds and brains of media multitaskers: Current findings and future directions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(40), 9889–9896. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611612115
Uncapher, M. R., Thieu, M. K., & Wagner, A. D. (2016). Media multitasking and memory: Differences in working memory and long-term memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(2), 483–490. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-015-0907-3
van der Niet, A. G., Smith, J., Scherder, E. J., Oosterlaan, J., Hartman, E., & Visscher, C. (2015). Associations between daily physical activity and executive functioning in primary school-aged children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(6), 673–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.09.006
van der Schuur, W. A., Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2015). The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review. Computers in Human Behavior, 53, 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.035
van der Schuur, W. A., Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2020). Exploring the long-term relationship between academic-media multitasking and adolescents’ academic achievement. New Media and Society, 22(1), 140–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819861956
Velicu, A. Balea, B. & Barbovschi, M. (2019). Access, utilizations, risks and opportunities of the internet for children in Romania. Statista Research Department. http://rokidsonline.net/wp/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/EU-Kids-Online-RO-report-15012019_DL.pdf
Vohr, R. B., McGowan, E. C., & Bann, C. (2021). Association of high screen-time use with school-age cognitive, executive function, and behavior outcomes in extremely preterm children. Journal American Medical Association Pediatrics, 175(10), 1025–1034. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.2041
Wallis, C. (2010). The impacts of media multitasking on children’s learning and development: Report from a research seminar. [symposium presentation]. Media multitasking, Stanford University. https://joanganzcooneycenter.org/publication/meeting-report-the-impacts-of-media-multitasking-on-childrens-learning-development/
Wanders, L., Bakker, E. A., van Hout, H. P. J., Ejisvogels, T. M. H., Hopman, M. T. E., Visser, L. N. C., Woters, H., & Thijssen, D. H. J. (2021). Association between sedentary time and cognitive function: A focus on different domains od sedentary behavior. Preventive Medicine, 153, 106731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106731
Wang, X., Li, Y., & Fan, H. (2019). The associations between screen time-based sedentary behavior and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 19, 1524. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7904-9
Weis, R., & Cerankosky, B. C. (2010). Effect of video-game ownership on young boys’ academic and behavioral functioning: a randomized, controlled study. Psychological Science, 21(4), 463–470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797610362670
Wickel, E. E. (2017). Sedentary time, physical activity, and executive function in a longitudinal study of youth. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 14(3), 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0200.
Wilmer, H. H., & Chein, J. M. (2016). Mobile technology habits: Patterns of association among device usage, intertemporal preference, impulse control, and reward sensitivity. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 23(5), 1607–1614. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-016-1011-z
Wiradhany, W., & Nieuwenstein, M. R. (2017). Cognitive control in media multitaskers: Two replication studies and a meta-analysis. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(8), 2620–2641. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1408-4
Wiradhany, W., van Vugt, M. K., & Nieuwenstein, M. R. (2020). Media multitasking, mind-wandering, and distractibility: A large-scale study. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 82(3), 1112–1124. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01842-0
Yang, X., & Zhu, L. (2016). Predictors of media multitasking in Chinese adolescents. International Journal of Psychology, 51(6), 430–438. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12187
Yarnell, P. R., & Lynch, S. (1973). The "ding": Amnestic states in football trauma. Neurology, 23(2), 196–197. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.23.2.196
Yeykelis, L., Cummings, J. J., & Reeves, B. (2014). Multitasking on a single device: Arousal and the frequency, anticipation, and prediction of switching between media content on a computer. Journal of Communication, 64(1), 167–192, https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12070
Yildirim, C., & Dark, V. J. (2018). The mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between media multitasking and mind wandering. Proceedings of the Technology, Mind, and Society, 18, 5. https://doi.org/10.1145/3183654.3183711
Zhang, Y., Mao, M., Rau, P.-L. P., Choe, P., Bela, L., & Wang, F. (2013). Exploring factors influencing multitasking interaction with multiple smart devices. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2579–2588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.042
Zhang, Y., Tian, S., Zou, D., Zhang, H., & Pan, C. W. (2022). Screen time and health issues in Chinese school-aged children and adolescent: a systematic and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13155-3
Zheng, X., Wong, S. H.-S., Lai, L. L., Lv, Y., & Tan, W. (2021). Association of sedentary time and physical activity with executive function among children. Academic Pediatrics,