簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張桂綿
Chang, Kuei-Mien
論文名稱: 高中職學生現實和虛擬社會支持、自尊與網路成癮之相關研究
Actual Social Support, Virtual Social Support, Self-esteem and Internet Addiction among Senior High School Students in Taiwan
指導教授: 林旻沛
Lin, Min-Pei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 教育心理與輔導學系
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling
論文出版年: 2018
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 67
中文關鍵詞: 高中職學生現實社會支持虛擬社會支持自尊網路成癮
英文關鍵詞: senior high school students, actual social support, virtual social support, self-esteem, internet addiction
DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DEPC.014.2018.F02
論文種類: 學術論文
相關次數: 點閱:349下載:81
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 研究目的:本研究旨在探討高中職學生現實和虛擬社會支持、自尊與網路成癮間之關聯,並檢驗現實和虛擬社會支持與自尊對網路成癮之預測關係。
    研究方法:本研究以高中與高職學生為研究對象,採取分層(高中、高職)叢集(以班為單位)方式進行立意性抽樣,共取得1922份有效樣本(高中學生佔48.86%;女性佔53.07%),並施以「社會支持量表」、「Rosenberg自尊量表」及「陳氏網路成癮量表」而後進行分析。
    研究結果:(1)最近一年內高中職學生平均每週上網時間為18.22小時、標準差為18.44小時,其中平均每週花在非課業相關的上網時間為15.43小時、標準差為17.33小時;(2)最近一年內在各項網路活動的平均每週上網時間方面,以網路人際互動的平均時數最高、平均每週時數為8.83小時、標準差為13.14小時,線上遊戲次之、每週平均時數為4.50小時、標準差為8.91小時,接續依序是網路資訊活動、網路購物或買賣活動,以及網路色情活動;(3)現實社會支持可負向預測網路成癮;(4)虛擬社會支持能正向預測網路成癮;(5)現實社會支持可以正向預測自尊、但虛擬社會支持無法顯著預測自尊;(6)自尊能夠負向預測網路成癮;以及(7)自尊可部分中介現實社會支持對網路成癮之預測關係。
    研究結論:本研究檢驗了現實和虛擬社會支持與自尊對網路成癮之預測模式,根據研究發現提出討論與建議,以供家長、輔導相關人員及未來研究參考。

    關鍵詞:高中職學生、現實社會支持、虛擬社會支持、自尊、網路成癮

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among actual social support, virtual social support, self-esteem and internet addiction among senior high school students in Taiwan. Moreover, the study focus on clarifying the relationship that actual social support, virtual social support, self-esteem predict internet addiction. Method: The participants of the study were recruited from senior high school in Taiwan by both stratified and random cluster sampling. 1922 valid questionnaires were received finally. The self-administered questionnaires included Social Support Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Chen Internet Addiction Scale.
    Results: (1)The average hours on internet weekly were 18.22 hours(SD= 18.44 hours)in the recent year, in which 15.43 hours(SD= 17.33 hours)were for extracurricular activities. (2)The average hours on internet activities weekly were the human interaction was the highest, with an average number of 8.83 hours(SD= 13.14 hours), second was the online games, with an average number of 4.50 hours (SD= 8.91 hours), followed by internet information activities, online shopping, and online erotic activities. (3)Actual social support negatively predicted internet addiction. (4)Virtual social support positively predicted internet addiction. (5)Actual social support positively predicted self-esteem, but virtual social support didn’t significantly predict internet addiction. (6)Self-esteem negatively predicted internet addiction. (7)Self-esteem partly mediated the relationship that actual social support predict internet addiction.
    Conclusion: The study examined actual social support, virtual social support and self-esteem on internet addiction prediction model. The result from the study provides suggestions for parents, counselors, as well as for future research.
    KEY WORDS: senior high school students, actual social support, virtual social support, self-esteem, internet addiction

    謝誌 i 中文摘要 ii 英文摘要 iii 目次 v 表次 vii 圖次 viii 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究問題 4 第三節 名詞釋義 5 第二章 文獻探討 7 第一節 網路成癮的定義與測量工具 7 第二節 現實社會支持與網路成癮之相關研究 11 第三節 虛擬社會支持與網路成癮之相關研究 13 第四節 自尊與網路成癮之相關研究 15 第五節 現實和虛擬社會支持與自尊之相關研究 17 第六節 現實和虛擬社會支持、自尊與網路成癮之相關研究 19 第七節 研究假設 21 第三章 研究方法 22 第一節 研究設計 22 第二節 研究參與者 23 第三節 研究工具 24 第四節 研究程序 26 第五節 資料分析 26 第四章 研究結果 28 第一節 高中職學生網路使用概況及相關量表得分情形等分析 28 第二節 現實和虛擬社會支持、自尊及網路成癮之相關分析 35 第三節 現實和虛擬社會支持與自尊對網路成癮之預測分析 36 第五章 討論與建議 41 第一節 現實社會支持與網路成癮之關係 41 第二節 虛擬社會支持與網路成癮之關係 42 第三節 自尊與網路成癮之關係 43 第四節 現實和虛擬社會支持與自尊之關係 45 第五節 現實和虛擬社會支持、自尊與網路成癮之關係 46 第六節 研究限制與未來研究方向 47 第七節 實務上的建議 48 參考文獻 52 中文部分 52 英文部分 53 附錄 62 附錄一 個人資料表 62 附錄二 社會支持量表 63 附錄三 Rosenberg自尊量表 65 附錄四 陳氏網路成癮量表 66

    一、中文部分
    王智弘(2006)。E世代網路交友行為之心理學內涵與相關影響。國立虎尾科技
    大學主辦「大專校院網路交友風險管理研討會諮商輔導研討會」宣傳之
    論文(雲林)。
    王智弘(2009)。網路諮商、網路成癮與網路心理健康。台北:學富文化。
    吳佳煇(2004)。社會支持對網路成癮的影響。資訊社會研究,7,173-189。
    林旻沛(2014)。臺灣高中職學生網路成癮心理社會成因與預防教育及其成效評
    估研究。行政院科技部專題研究計畫(編號:MOST 102-2511-S-003-
    016-MY3)。
    陳淑惠、翁儷禎、蘇逸人、吳和懋、楊品鳳(2003)。中文網路成癮量表之編制
    與心理計量特性研究。中華心理學刊,45(3),279-294。
    郭正瑩(2008)。男女大學生網路自我揭露、網路社會支持與寂寞感知差異研究
    -以即時通訊為例。中國文化大學心理輔導研究所碩士論文。
    鄭天澤、楊亨利、陳麗霞、胡正文、劉千鳳(2015)。2015年台灣寬頻網路使
    用調查報告。取自財團法人臺灣網路資訊中心網站:
    https://www.twnic.net.tw/download/200307/20150901e.pdf,2016年4月25
    日。
    張月馨(2016)。高中職學生家庭功能、憂鬱情緒與網路成癮之相關研究。國立
    臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學研究所碩士論文。
    游森期(2001)。大學生網路使用行為網路成癮及相關因素之研究。國立彰化師
    範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
    楊正誠(2003)。大學生網路成癮、社會支持與生活適應關係之研究。東海大學
    教育研究所碩士論文。
    財團法人資訊工業策進會數位服務創新研究所FIND中心(2014)。2014年3月
    底止台灣上網人口。取自財團法人資訊工業策進會數位服務創新研究所
    FIND中心網站:http://www.find.org.tw/market_info.aspx?n_ID=8510,
    2015年8月13日。
    劉漢政(2011)。國中學生社會支持、憂鬱傾向與網路成癮之分析研究。國立嘉
    義大學輔導與諮商學系研究所碩士論文。
    魏希聖、李致中、王宛雯(2006)。高中職學生網路成癮之危險因子與偏差行為
    研究:以台中縣霧峰大里地區為例。台中教育大學學報,20(1),89-
    105。
    二、英文部分
    American Psychiatric Association (2013). Internet gaming disorder. The diagnostic
    and statistical manual of mental disorders(5th Edition). Retrived from
    http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Internet%20Gaming%20Disorder%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
    Armstrong, L., Phillips, J. G., & Saling, L. L. (2000). Potential determinants of heavier Internet usage. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 53(4), 537-550. doi:10.1006/ijhc.2000.0400
    Aydm, B., & San, S. V. (2011). Internet addiction among adolescents: The role of self-
    esteem. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3500-3505.
    doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.325
    Barak, A., Boniel-Nissim, M., & Suler, J. (2008). Fostering empowerment in online support groups. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1867-1883. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.004
    Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in
    social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical
    considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
    Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol.1 Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books.
    Caplan, S. E. (2002). Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being: development of a theory-based cognitive–behavioral measurement instrument. Computers in Human Behavior, 18(5), 553-575. doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00004-3
    Chou, W.-P., Ko, C.-H., Kaufman, E. A., Crowell, S. E., Hsiao, R. C., Wang, P.-W., Lin J. -J., Yen, C.-F. (2015). Association of stress coping strategies with Internet addiction in college students: The moderating effect of depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 62, 27-33. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.06.004
    Clark, H. H. (1996). Using language. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic medicine, 38(5), 300-314.
    Cohen, S., & Syme, S. L. (1985). Measures and concepts of social support. In J. S. House, R. L. Kahn, J. D. McLeod, & D. Williams (Eds.), Social support and health (pp. 83-108). Orlando, FL.: Academic Press.
    Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310.
    Conger, K. J., Conger, R. D., & Scaramella, L. V. (1997). Parents, siblings, psychological control, and adolescent adjustment. Journal of Adolescent Research, 12(1), 113-138.
    Cooley, C. H. (1902). Human nature and the social order. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
    Coopersmith, S. (1967). The antecedents of self-esteem. San Francisco, CA: Freeman.
    Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use.
    Computers in Human Behavior, 17(2), 187-195.
    doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(00)00041-8
    DuBois, D. L., Burk-Braxton, C., Swenson, L. P., Tevendale, H. D., Lockerd, E. M., & Moran, B. L. (2002). Getting by with a little help from self and others: self-esteem and social support as resources during early adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 38(5), 822. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.5.822
    DuBois, D. L., Felner, R. D., Sherman, M. D., & Bull, C. A. (1994). Socioenvironmental experiences, self-esteem, and emotional/behavioral problems in early adolescence. American Journal of Community Psychology, 22(3), 371-397. doi:10.1007/BF02506871
    Frölich, J., Lehmkuhl, G., Orawa, H., Bromba, M., Wolf, K., & Görtz-Dorten, A. (2016). Computer game misuse and addiction of adolescents in a clinically referred study sample. Computers in Human Behavior, 55( Part A), 9-15. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.043
    Goldberg, I. (1996). Internet addiction disorder. Retrieved November, 24, 2004.
    Goodenow, C. (1993). Classroom belonging among early adolescent students:
    Relationships to motivation and achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence,
    13(1), 21-43. doi:10.1177/0272431693013001002
    Griffiths, M. (2000). Does Internet and computer "addiction" exist? Some case study evidence. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 3(2), 211-218. doi:10.1089/109493100316067
    Harter, S. (1993). Causes and consequences of low self-esteem in children and
    adolescents. In R. F. Baumeister(Ed), Self-Esteem: The Puzzle of ¸ow Self-
    Regard(pp. 87-111). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
    Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective.
    New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    Helsen, M., Vollebergh, W., & Meeus, W. (2000). Social support from parents and
    friends and emotional problems in adolescence. Journal of Youth and
    Adolescence, 29(3), 319-335.
    House, J. S. (1981). Work stress and social support. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
    Hu, L. & Bentler, P. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
    Hupcey, J. E. (1998). Clarifying the social support theory‐research linkage. Journal of advanced nursing, 27(6), 1231-1241.
    James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology. London, England: Macmillan.
    Kim, H.-K., & Davis, K. E. (2009). Toward a comprehensive theory of problematic Internet use: Evaluating the role of self-esteem, anxiety, flow, and the self-rated importance of Internet activities. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 490-500. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.11.001
    Ko, C.-H., Yen, J.-Y., Chen, C.-S., Yeh, Y.-C., & Yen, C.-F. (2009). Predictive values of psychiatric symptoms for Internet addiction in adolescents: A 2-year prospective study. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 163(10), 937-943. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.159
    Ko, C., Yen, J., Yen, C., Lin, H., & Yang, M. (2007). Factors predictive for incidence
    and remission of Internet addiction in young adolescents: A prospective
    study. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(4), 545-551.
    doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.9992
    Ko, C.-H., Yen, J.-Y., Liu, S.-C., Huang, C.-F., & Yen, C.-F. (2009). The associations between aggressive behaviors and Internet addiction and online activities in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 44(6), 598-605. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.11.011
    Ko, C.-H., Yen, J.-Y., Yen, C.-F., Chen, C.-S., & Wang, S.-Y. (2008). The association between Internet addiction and belief of frustration intolerance: The gender difference. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(3), 273-278.
    doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0095
    Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukophadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W.
    (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement
    and psychological well-being? American Psychologist, 53(9), 1017-1031.
    doi:10.1037/0003-066X.53.9.1017
    Kuss, D. J. (2013). Internet gaming addiction: current perspectives. Psychology
    Research and Behavior Management, 6, 125–137. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S39476
    Larson, R. W. (1997). The emergence of solitude as a constructive domain of experience in early adolescence. Child Development, 68(1), 80-93. doi:10.2307/1131927
    Leary, M. R. (1999). Making sense of self-esteem. Current directions in psychological science, 8(1), 32-35. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00008
    Leary, M. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 32, 1-62. doi:10.1016/S0065-2601(00)80003-9
    Leary, M. R., Tambor, E. S., Terdal, S. K., & Downs, D. L. (1995). Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis. Journal of personality and social psychology, 68(3), 518.
    Lin, M.-P., Ko, H.-C., & Wu, J. Y.-W. (2011). Prevalence and psychosocial risk factors associated with Internet addiction in a nationally representative sample of college students in Taiwan. CyberPsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 14(12), 741-746. doi:10.1089/cyber.2010.0574
    MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V.
    (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening
    variable effect. Psychological Methods, 7, 83-104.
    Martens, M. P. (2005). The use of structural equation modeling in counseling psychology research. The Counseling Psychologist, 33(3), 269-298. doi: 10.1177/0011000004272260
    Meerkerk, G.-J., van Den Eijnden, R. J., Vermulst, A. A., & Garretsen, H. F. (2009). The compulsive internet use scale (CIUS): Some psychometric properties. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(1), 1-6. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0181
    Mitchell, P. (2000). Internet addiction: Genuine diagnosis or not? The Lancet, 355(9204), 632. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)72500-9
    Morahan-Martin, J., & Schumacher, P. (2000). Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 16(1), 13-29. doi:10.1016/S0747-5632(99)00049-7
    Müller, K. W., Dreier, M., Beutel, M. E., Duven, E., Giralt, S., & Wölfling, K. (2016). A hidden type of internet addiction? Intense and addictive use of social networking sites in adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 55(Part A), 172-177. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.007
    Niemz, K., Griffiths, M., & Banyard, P. (2005). Prevalence of pathological Internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 8(6), 562-570. doi:10.1089/cpb.2005.8.562
    Park, S., Kang, M., & Kim, E. (2014). Social relationship on problematic Internet use (PIU) among adolescents in South Korea: A moderated mediation model of self-esteem and self-control. Computers in Human Behavior, 38, 349-357. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.06.005
    Parker, J. S., & Benson, M. J. (2004). Parent-adolescent relations and adolescent functioning: Self-esteem, substance abuse, and delinquency. Adolescence, 39(155), 519.
    Plunkett, S. W., Henry, C. S., Robinson, L. C., Behnke, A., & Falcon Ш, P. C. (2007). Adolescent perceptions of parental behaviors, adolescent self-esteem, and adolescent depressed mood. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16(6), 760-772. doi:10.1007/s10826-006-9123-0
    Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt, J., & Schimel, J. (2004). Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 435-468. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.435
    Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York, NY: Basic Books.
    Rueger, S. Y., Malecki, C. K., & Demaray, M. K. (2010). Relationship between
    multiple sources of perceived social support and psychological and academic
    adjustment in early adolescence: Comparisons across gender. Journal of Youth
    and Adolescence, 39(1), 47-61. doi:10.1007/s10964-008-9368-6
    Ryan, R. M., Stiller, J. D., & Lynch, J. H. (1994). Representations of relationships to
    teachers, parents, and friends as predictors of academic motivation and self-
    esteem.Journal of Early Adolescence, 14(2), 226-249.
    doi:10.1177/027243169401400207
    Shapira, N. A., Goldsmith, T. D., Keck Jr, P. E., Khosla, U. M., & McElroy, S. L. (2000). Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. Journal of Affective Disorders, 57(1–3), 267-272. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(99)00107-X
    Shaw, L. H., & Gant, L. M. (2002). In defense of the Internet: The relationship between Internet communication and depression, loneliness, self-esteem, and perceived social support. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 5(2), 157-171. doi:10.1089/109493102753770552
    Shek, D. T., & Yu, L. (2016). Adolescent Internet addiction in Hong Kong: Prevalence, change, and correlates. Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology, 29(1), S22-S30. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2015.10.005
    Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L. (1991). The MOS social support survey. Social science & medicine, 32(6), 705-714.
    Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445.
    Suler, J. R. (1998). John Suler's the psychology of cyberspace. Restrieved from
    http://users.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/basicfeat.html
    Suler, J. R. (1999). To get what you need: healthy and pathological Internet use.
    CyberPsychology & Behavior, 2(5), 385-393.
    Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York, NY: Norton.
    Tang, J.-H., Chen, M.-C., Yang, C.-Y., Chung, T.-Y., & Lee, Y.-A. (2016). Personality traits, interpersonal relationships, online social support, and Facebook addiction. Telematics and Informatics, 33(1), 102-108. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2015.06.003
    Tanis, M. (2007). Online social support groups. In A. Joinson, K. McKenna, T. Postmes, & U. D. Reips (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of internet psychology (pp. 139–154). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Wang, E. S.-T., & Wang, M. C.-H. (2013). Social support and social Interaction ties on Internet addiction: Integrating online and offline contexts. CyberPsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 16(11), 843-849. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0557
    Yao, M. Z., He, J., Ko, D. M., & Pang, K. C. (2014). The Influence of personality, parental behaviors, and self-esteem on Internet addiction: A study of chinese college students. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking, 17(2), 104-110. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0710
    Yeh, Y.-C., Ko, H.-C., Wu, J. Y.-W., & Cheng, C.-P. (2008). Gender differences in relationships of actual and virtual social support to Internet addiction mediated through depressive symptoms among college students in Taiwan. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(4), 485-487. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0134
    Yen, J.-Y., Ko, C.-H., Yen, C.-F., Wu, H.-Y., & Yang, M.-J. (2007). The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of Internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(1), 93-98. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.02.002
    Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder.
    Paper presented at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Psychological
    Association, Toronto,Ontario, Canada. Later published in CyberPsychology
    and Behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
    Young, K. S. (1998). Caught in the net: How to recognize the signs of internet addiction--and a winning strategy for recovery. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
    Young, K. S. (1999). Internet addiction: symptoms, evaluation and treatment. Innovations in clinical practice: A source book, 17, 19-31.
    Net addiction (2016, May 29). Internet addiction test manual. Restrieved from
    http://netaddiction.com/internet-addiction-test/

    下載圖示
    QR CODE