法國十九世紀的象徵主義畫家古斯塔夫‧牟候（Gustave Moreau，1826-1898）一生作過許多莎樂美的畫作，其畫作除了含融豐富的象徵意義和畫家獨特的思想理念之外；更能充分地反映出十九世紀末的文化狀態和思想潮流。本篇論文乃在藉由牟候莎樂美的圖像探討，來尋索牟候的創作思想和美學觀，以及十九世紀末的文化現象。由於圖像分為形式與內容二部分，因此在形式部分，本論文兼採了圖像描述和形式風格分析等方法，以了解牟候莎樂美在藝術史上的獨特性和創新性；並採圖像特徵分類的方式，來認識牟候生涯中，所創作的莎樂美之不同風貌。至於內容方面，對於各種可能影響牟候莎樂美之文獻資料，本論文均盡可能地以第一手資料來作探討，以實地了解文獻內容對牟候畫作內容的影響層面。然而，更重要的是對圖像深層意義的分析和解釋，這個過程能幫助我們解開牟候所運用的象徵圖像之意義，直探牟候莎樂美真正的圖像意涵。本論文乃採用特質界定的方式，來探求莎樂美的象徵意義，以及牟候的創作思想。最後，本論文要再深入圖像的最核心，也就是與圖像相關之藝術家的創作動機、性格特徵、價值觀點、哲學觀、宗教觀，和藝術家生存的時代環境等。從這些層面的探討中，能讓我們深刻領略到牟候莎樂美思想的深奧豐富，她實在是一個能完全體現十九世紀末文化觀的時代表徵。

The French Symbolist Gustave Moreau（1826-1898）created a lot of Salomes in his life. They contain plenty of symbolic meanings and the artist’s special thoughts; furthermore, they can reflect the cultural state and trend of the fin-de-siecle.
The aim of this dissertation is by way of iconological research, to explore Moreau’s thoughts and esthetic concepts formed in his creating process; and to observe the cultural phenomena of the fin-de-siecle. Besides the iconological method, this dissertation has applied the compared analysis of formal style to introduce the uniqueness and the originality of Moreau’s Salome.As for the variety of documents possibly influencing Moreau’s Salome, this dissertation makes use of the first-hand materials as much as possible in order to find out the real influences. But the most important thing of iconological research is to analyze and explain the iconical inner meanings; this process can help us to resolve the vague symbolic riddles that Moreau had applied. This dissertation also adapts the method of characteristic definition to explore Salome’s symbolic meanings and Moreau’s creating thoughts.
At last, this dissertation will mine the treasures of iconical core. That is, the artist’s motivation, characteristics, point of views, values, philosophical and religious concepts , and the environment of the artist’s age related to his creation. From these researches, we can deeply understand the abundance of Moreau’s creating thoughts. Gustave Moreau’s Salome can actually and completely represent the cultural spirit of the fin-de-siecle.